Water vapor adsorption onto activated carbons prepared from cattle manure compost (CMC)

Activated carbons were prepared from cattle manure compost (CMC) using zinc chloride activation. The structural and surface chemical characteristics of CMC-based activated carbons were determined by N₂ adsorption-desorption and Boehm titration, respectively. The water vapor adsorption properties of the prepared activated carbons with various pore structure and surface nature were examined, and the mechanism of water adsorbed onto activated carbon was also discussed. The results show that the adsorption of water vapor on carbons begins at specific active sites at low relative humidity (RH), followed by micropore filling at medium RH through the formation of pentamer cluster of water molecules in the narrow micropores. The water vapor adsorption capacity of activated carbon is predominantly dependent on its pore volume and surface area. Although capillary condensation is not the mechanism for water adsorption onto activated carbon, water can adsorb on narrow mesopore to some extent.     

Effect of bovine serum albumin on the surface properties of ionic liquid-type Gemini surfactant

The effect of bovine serum albumin on the surface properties of IL-type gemini surfactant ([C₁₀-4-C₁₀im]Br₂), have been investigated by surface tension method. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) as a function of BSA concentrations at various temperatures was investigated. The CMC of [C₁₀-4-C₁₀im]Br₂ increases with increasing the concentration of BSA as well as the temperature of the system. The interfacial parameters viz; maximum surface excess concentration (Γ_max), the minimum area per molecule (A_min), and surface pressure at CMC (Π_cmc) were calculated. In addition, thermodynamic parameters of adsorption and micellization were evaluated by using surface tension data. The results indicated that the binding of [C₁₀-4-C₁₀im]Br₂ to BSA is spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The process is entropy driven and hydrophobic interactions are the major driving forces.     

Production and evaluation of a 67Ga-labeled anti-Ror1 monoclonal antibody in a mouse model of breast cancer

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - Receptor tyrosine kinase Ror1 is widely expressed during embryogenesis but it is absent within most mature tissues. However, expression of Ror1...     

Simultaneous removal of Cu2+ and Cr3+ ions from aqueous solution based on Complexation with Eriochrome cyanine‐R and derivative spectrophotometric method

TiO₂ nanoparticles deposited on activated carbon (TiO₂–NP–AC) was prepared and characterized by XRD and SEM analysis. Subsequently, simultaneous ultrasound‐assisted adsorption of Cu²⁺ and Cr³⁺ ions onto TiO₂‐NPs‐AC after complexation via eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) has been investigated with UV–Vis and FAA spectrophotometer. Spectra overlapping of the ECR‐Cu and ECR‐Cr complex was resolve by derivative spectrophotometric technique. The effects of various parameters such as initial Cu²⁺ (A) and Cr³⁺ (B) ions concentrations, TiO₂‐NPs‐AC mass (C), sonication time (D) and pH (E) on the removal percentage were investigated and optimized by central composite design (CCD). The optimize conditions were set as: 4.21 min, 0.019 mg, 20.02 and 13.22 mg L^?1 and 6.63 for sonication time, TiO₂–NP–AC mass, initial Cr³⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions concentration and pH, respectively. The experimental equilibrium data fitting to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich models show that the Langmuir model is a good and suitable model for evaluation and the actual behavior of adsorption process and maximum adsorption capacity of 105.26 and 93.46 mg g^?1 were obtained for Cu²⁺ and Cr³⁺ ions, respectively. Kinetic evaluation of experimental data showed that the adsorption processes followed well pseudo second order and intraparticle diffusion models.     

Synthesis,characterization and application of 3‐methyl‐1‐sulfonic acid imidazolium tetrachloroferrate as nanostructured catalyst for the tandem reaction of β‐naphthol with aromatic aldehydes and amide derivatives

3‐methyl‐1‐sulfonic acid imidazolium tetrachloroferrate {[Msim]FeCl₄} was prepared and fully characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal gravimetric (DTG), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and used, as an efficient catalyst, for the tandem reaction of β‐naphthol with aromatic aldehydes and benzamide at 110 °C under solvent‐free conditions to give 1‐amidoalkyl‐2‐naphthols in high yields and very short reaction times.     

Silver nanoparticles immobilized onto poly(4‐vinylpyridine)‐functionalized magnetic nanoparticles: A robust magnetically recyclable catalyst for oxidant‐free alcohol dehydrogenation

A heterogeneous and recyclable catalyst with a high loading of silver nanoparticles was synthesized via the silver nanoparticles being supported onto the surface of magnetic nanoparticles coated with poly(4‐vinylpyridine). The synthesized catalyst was used in the dehydrogenation of alcohols to corresponding carbonyl compounds. A broad diversity of alcohols was converted into their corresponding carbonyl compounds in excellent yields. The catalyst was easily recovered by applying an external magnetic field and reused for seven reaction cycles without considerable loss of activity. The catalyst was fully characterized using various techniques.     

Planar hybrid carbon-decorated zinc oxide nanowires for infrared photodetection

Vapor phase transport (VPT) assisted by thermal evaporation of methanol was utilized to favor the fabrication of hybrid carbon-decorated zinc oxide nanowires (C/ZnO NWs). The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum revealed evidence of optical properties for several defects such as zinc interstitials (Zn_i) and oxygen vacancy (V_o) in hybrid C/ZnO NWs. The PL also exhibited that the planar hybrid C/ZnO NWs photodetector has a wide range of sensitivity from ultraviolet (UV) to infrared (IR). The imaging results show formation of ZnO nanostructures which can be further confirmed from X-ray diffraction (XRD) results. XRD exhibits carbon (C)-related peaks at 12.88, 26, 43, 45, and 55° together with standard ZnO peaks. The incorporation of C shows excellent photoconduction towards varied laser powers (0.0, 7.82, 37.95, 69.20, 100.0, 130.0, and 160.0 mW) of IR illumination. The possibility of current drain in the device was evaluated based on the direct-current (DC) bias voltage of 0.00, 3.33, and 5.55 V. DC bias 3.33 and 5.55 V attributed increase of photocurrent towards the forward bias voltage. However, the reverse bias voltage illustrated a vast increase of photocurrent compared to the forward bias voltage. External quantum efficiency (EQE) at DC bias 5.55 V was 6.5–9.5 range folds greater than the EQE measured for zero bias voltage. Significant photoresponsivity was identical for various laser pulse ranging from 10 to 5000 Hz. Simultaneously, the rise (τ_r) and fall (τ_f) time were measured at 49 and 60.5 μs attributes that the fabrication technique can be improvised and implemented to enhance the efficiency of optoelectronic devices for future applications.     

Ammonium chloride-catalyzed green multicomponent synthesis of dihydropyrazine and tetrahydrodiazepine derivatives “on water”

Molecular Diversity - This research describes a simple and efficient one-pot synthetic approach for the preparation of tetrahydrodiazepine and dihydropyrazine (or dihydroquinoxaline) derivatives in...