Apparent spin polarization decay in Cu-dusted Co/Al2O3/Co tunnel junctions

Co/Al2O3/Co magnetic tunnel junctions with an interfacial Cu layer have been investigated with in situ growth characterization and ex situ magnetotransport measurements. Cu interlayers grown on Co give an approximately exponential decay of the tunneling magnetoresistance with xi approximately 0.26 nm while those grown on Al2O3 have a decay length of 0.70 nm. The difference in decay lengths can be explained by different growth morphologies, and in this way clarifies a present disagreement in the literature. For monolayer coverage of Cu, we show that the tunneling spin polarization is suppressed by at least a factor of 2 compared to Co and beyond approximately 5 ML it becomes vanishingly small.     

Internal kink instability during off-axis electron cyclotron current drive in the DIII-D tokamak

Experimental evidence is reported of an internal kink instability driven by a new mechanism: barely trapped suprathermal electrons produced by off-axis electron cyclotron heating on the DIII-D tokamak. It occurs in plasmas with an evolving safety factor profile q(r) when q(min) approaches 1. This instability is most active when ECCD is applied on the high field side of the flux surface. It has a bursting behavior with poloidal/toroidal mode number = m/n = 1/1. In positive magnetic shear plasmas, this mode becomes the fishbone instability. This observation can be qualitatively explained by the drift reversal of the barely trapped suprathermal electrons.     

Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the A'(1)Pi-X(1)Sigma(+) System of CaO

The A'(1)Pi-X(1)Sigma(+) near-infrared system of CaO was observed for the first time at high resolution using a Fourier transform spectrometer. The A'(1)Pi-X(1)Sigma(+) chemiluminescence was excited in a Ca + N(2)O flame produced in a Broida-type oven. More than 3000 rotational lines, classified into 19 bands involving the A'(1)Pi 0 /= 2) levels with the nearby b(3)Sigma(+) (v-2) levels has been detected. An extended set of A'(1)Pi (v = 0-3) data has been obtained which is suitable for use in a future multistate deperturbation analysis of the a(3)Pi approximately A'(1)Pi approximately b(3)Sigma(+) approximately A(1)Sigma(+) complex of excited states. The new near-infrared spectra of the A'(1)Pi-X(1)Sigma(+) transition of CaO also permits the first direct high-resolution linkage between the orange and green systems and the near-infrared bands. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Improved Parameterization for Combined Isotopomer Analysis of Diatomic Spectra and Its Application to HF and DF

A new way of representing vibration-rotation term values for multiple isotopomers of a given electronic state of a diatomic molecule is presented which resolves problems associated with the way the conventional combined isotopomer expansion represents the atomic mass-dependent JWKB and Born-Oppenheimer breakdown correction terms. Its application to infrared and microwave data for HF and DF yields new Dunham expansion coefficients and Born-Oppenheimer breakdown correction terms for this species. This procedure is implemented in a generally available computer program for fitting to various types of data involving one or several electronic states of multiple isotopomers of a diatomic molecule. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.     

On certain locally homogeneous Clifford manifolds

Given a manifoldM, a Clifford structure of orderm onM is a family ofm anticommuting complex structures generating a subalgebra of dimension 2 ^m of End(T(M)). In this paper we investigate the existence of locally invariant Clifford structures of orderm2 on a class of locally homogeneous manifolds. We study the case of solvable extensions ofH-type groups, showing in particular that the solvable Lie groups corresponding to the symmetric spaces of negative curvature carry invariant Clifford structures of orderm2. We also show that for eachm and any finite groupF, there is a compact flat manifold with holonomy groupF and carrying a Clifford structure of orderm.Partially supported by Conicor (Argentina)Partially supported by grants from Conicet, Conicor, SECYTUNg (Argentina), and I.C.T.P. (Trieste)Partially supported by grants from Conicet, Conicor, SECYTUNC (Argentina), T.W.A.S and I.C.T.P. (Trieste)     

The difference in a problem of rations from the Rhind mathematical papyrus

In an ancient Egyptian problem of bread distribution from the Rhind mathematical papyrus (dated between 1794 and 1550 B.C.), a procedure of “false position” is used in the calculation of a series of five rations. The algorithm is only partially illustrated in the problem text, and last century's prevailing interpretations suggested a determination of the series by trial and error. The missing part of the computational procedure is reconstructed in this article as an application of the algorithm, exemplified in the preceding section of the papyrus, to calculate an unknown quantity by means of the method of “false position.”     

The η invariant of the Atiyah–Patodi–Singer operator on compact flat manifolds

Let ${\mathcal{D}}$ be the boundary operator defined by Atiyah, Patodi and Singer, acting on smooth even forms of a compact orientable Riemannian manifold M. In continuation of our previous study, we deal with the problem of computing explicitly the ?? invariant ???= ??(M) for any orientable compact flat manifold M. After giving an explicit expression for ??(s) in the case of cyclic holonomy group, we obtain a combinatorial formula that reduces the computation to the cyclic case. We illustrate the method by determining ??(0) for several infinite families, some of them having non-abelian holonomy groups. For cyclic groups of odd prime order p??? 7, ??(s) can be expressed as a multiple of L _??(s), an L-function associated to a quadratic character mod p, while ??(0) is a (non-zero) integral multiple of the class number h _?p of the number field ${\mathbb Q(\sqrt {-p})}$ . In the case of metacyclic groups of odd order pq, with p, q primes, we show that ??(0) is a rational multiple of h _?p .