Tertiary Amines Differentiated from Primary and Secondary Amines by Active Ester‐Functionalized Hexabenzoperylene in Field Effect Transistors

Herein, we report two novel derivatives of hexabenzoperylene (HBP) that are functionalized with ester groups. Methyl acetate functionalized HBP ( 1 ) in single crystals self‐assembles into a supramolecular nanosheet, which has a two‐dimensional π‐stack of HBP sandwiched between two layers of ester groups. With the same self‐assembly motif, active ester‐functionalized HBP ( 2 ) in field effect transistors has enabled differentiation of tertiary amines from primary and secondary amines, in agreement with the fact that active ester reacts with primary and secondary amines but not with tertiary amines to form amides.     

Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) Template Based Efficient Pt/ZrO2@C Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of H2 Below 90 °C

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO_x with H₂ as a reductant is the most promising denitration technology at low temperature. Achieving the conversion of NO_x into N₂ at ambient temperature not only prolongs the service life of the catalyst, but also provides more freedom for the arrangement of denitration units throughout the flue gas treatment equipment. However, the development of highly efficient, stable, and environmentally benign supported platinum‐based catalysts for H₂‐SCR at ambient temperature is still a major challenge. Herein, a 0.5 wt % Pt/ZrO₂@C catalyst, which was composed of carbon‐coated octahedral ZrO₂ with highly dispersed Pt particles, was prepared by using a new stabilization strategy based on UiO‐66‐NH₂ (a zirconium metal–organic framework) as a template. The catalytic performance of this Pt/ZrO₂@C in H₂‐SCR was tested and confirmed to achieve near 100 % NO_x conversion at 90 °C. Also, 70 % N₂ selectivity of the catalyst was achieved. The morphology, structure, and porous properties of the as‐synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by using data obtained from field‐emission SEM, TEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms. The results show that residual carbon formed by pyrolysis treatment is coated on octahedral ZrO₂, and effectively prevents the agglomeration of platinum particles on the surface.     

Band alignment regulation of HfO2/SiC heterojunctions induced by PEALD with in situ NH3-plasma passivation

The efficient passivation of in situ NH₃-plasma pre-treatment and its regulation of the band alignment between HfO₂ and 4H-SiC have been investigated by XPS. With in situ NH₃-plasma passivation by PEALD, a VBO of 0.72 eV and a CBO of 1.54 eV can be obtained across the HfO₂/4H-SiC interface. The Si-O bonds components reduction in the passivated interface layers will lead to band bending or band shift at the interface and regulate the band alignments between HfO₂ and 4H-SiC. The physical mechanism investigation of band alignments can be a cornerstone for the application of HfO₂/4H-SiC heterojunctions in the high-power devices.     

Laser absorption spectroscopy for combustion diagnosis in reactive flows: A review

Laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) has been rapidly developed and widely applied to combustion diagnosis in recent decades. As a cost-effective tool for measuring multiple combustion parameters, LAS provides unique properties in terms of accuracy and sensitivity for understanding the reactions and kinetics in reactive flows. Line-of-sight and tomographic LAS techniques have stimulated numerous applications and been proved to be robust for in situ combustion diagnosis in uniform and non-uniform combustion fields, respectively. This review highlights the breakthroughs in the evolution of LAS techniques from the viewpoints of key principles, sensors and instrumentations developed for combustion diagnosis, with particular emphasis on a series of spatially-resolved LAS techniques with their recent applications on obtaining high-fidelity measurement results with minimal intrusion to the practical combustors. Along the way, we note some challenges and requirements for further development of the LAS-based combustion diagnosis.     

Porous carbon nanospheres with moderately oriented domains for EDLC electrode

Porous carbon nanospheres with moderately oriented microcrystalline structures were prepared via a relatively simple synthetic route in this article. CTAB acted as a structure‐directing agent to induce small sulfonated pitch (SP) pieces to assemble orderly. By this means, the formation of carbon nanospheres was simultaneous with the moderate orientation of carbon microcrystalline without additional process. Owing to the moderately oriented microcrystalline structures, the resultant sample CNS3 possessed a high e‐conductivity of 62.5 S/m. When used as an electrode material for EDLCs, it showed excellent electrochemical properties even without any conductive agent. In an organic electrolyte, the resultant sample CNS3 possessed a high specific capacitance of 155 F/g at 20 A/g and outstanding cycle life with 94.2% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles. This work puts forward a novel design for carbon nanospheres with moderately oriented domains by a simple and energy‐efficient means.     

Salicylaldimine-bridged dinuclear cyclopalladated complexes: Synthesis,characterization and BSA binding studies

Salicylaldimine-bridged dinuclear cyclopalladated complexes were synthesized by the reactions of cyclopalladated chloro dimers [Pd{(4-R)C₆H₃CH=N-C₆H₃–2,6-i-Pr₂}(μ-Cl)]₂ (R = H; OMe) with salen-based bridging ligands. The complexes were characterized by FTIR, NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray crystallography. The binding interaction of cyclopalladated complexes to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by UV–vis, fluorescence and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. The experimental results showed that these Pd (II) complexes could bind to BSA with high affinity and quench its intrinsic fluorescence by a static or combined process. Also the interaction of Pd complexes with BSA affected the conformation of the tryptophan and tyrosine residues.     

Fault Tolerant Multi-Party Authenticated Quantum Conference Against Collective Noise

International Journal of Theoretical Physics - With the advent of new science and technology, teleconference, which allows multiple participants to communicate directly without being constrained by...     

Comparative Study of the Supercapacitive Performance of Three Ferrocene-Based Structures: Targeted Design of a Conductive Ferrocene-Functionalized Coordination Polymer as a Supercapacitor Electrode

As redox-active based supercapacitors are known as highly desirable next-generation supercapacitor electrodes, the targeted design of two ferrocene-functionalized (Fc(COOH)₂) clusters based on coinage metals, [(PPh₃)₂AgO₂CFcCO₂Ag(PPh₃)₂]₂ ⋅ 7 CH₃OH (SC₁: super capacitor) and [(PPh₃)₃CuO₂CFcCO₂Cu(PPh₃)₃] ⋅ 3 CH₃OH (SC₂), is reported. Both structures are fully characterized by various techniques. The structures are utilized as energy storage electrode materials, giving 130 F g⁻¹ and 210 F g⁻¹ specific capacitance at 1.5 A g⁻¹ in Na₂SO₄ electrolyte, respectively. The obtained results show that the presence of Cu^I instead of Ag^I improves the supercapacitive performance of the cluster. Further, to improve the conductivity, the PSC₂ ([(PPh₃)₂CuO₂CFcCO₂]_∞), a polymeric structure of SC₂, was synthesized and used as an energy storage electrode. PSC₂ displays high conductivity and gives 455 F g⁻¹ capacitance at 3 A g⁻¹. The PSC₂ as a supercapacitor electrode presents a high power density (2416 W kg⁻¹), high energy density (161 Wh kg⁻¹), and long cycle life over 4000 cycles (93 %). These results could lead to the amplification of high-performance supercapacitors in new areas to develop real applications and stimulate the use of the targeted design of coordination polymers without hybridization or compositions with additive materials.