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91.
Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed with a high-resolution segmented echo-planar imaging technique, which provided images with substantially less susceptibility artifacts than images obtained with single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI). Diffusion imaging performed with any multishot pulse sequence is inherently sensitive to motion artifacts and in order to reduce motion artifacts, the presented method utilizes navigator echo phase corrections, performed after a one-dimensional Fourier transform along the frequency-encoding direction. Navigator echo phases were fitted to a straight line prior to phase correction to avoid errors from internal motion. In vivo imaging was performed using electro cardiographic (ECG) triggering. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were calculated on a pixel-by-pixel basis using up to seven diffusion sensitivities, ranging from b = 0 to 1129 x 10(6) s/m(2). 相似文献
92.
D. G. Middleton J. R. M. Annand C. Barbieri P. Barneo P. Bartsch D. Baumann J. Bermuth D. Bosnar H. P. Blok R. Böhm M. Ding M. O. Distler D. Elsner J. Friedrich C. Giusti D. I. Glazier P. Grabmayr S. Grözinger T. Hehl J. Heim W. H. A Hesselink E. Jans F. Klein M. Kohl L. Lapikás I. J. D. MacGregor I. Martin J. C. McGeorge H. Merkel P. Merle F. Moschini U. Müller Th. Pospischil G. Rosner H. Schmieden M. Seimetz A. Süle H. de Vries Th. Walcher D. P. Watts M. Weis B. Zihlmann 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2006,30(2):469-469
93.
Jesper L. Mortensen Alan McWilliam Christopher G. Leburn Peter Tidemand-Lichtenberg Morten Thorhauge Jirí Janousek Christian T.A. Brown Alexander A. Lagatsky Preben Buchhave Wilson Sibbett 《Optics Communications》2006,260(2):637-640
Efficient generation of continuous-wave (CW) tunable light in the yellow region is reported. The method is based on sum-frequency mixing of a tunable Cr4+:forsterite laser with a Nd:YVO4 laser. A periodically poled lithium niobate crystal was placed intra-cavity in a Nd:YVO4 laser, and the Cr4+:forsterite laser was single-passed through the non-linear media. With this setup, it was possible to generate up to 3 mW of yellow light smoothly tunable from 573 to 587 nm. This is the highest output demonstrated to date for a tunable diode pumped solid-state CW laser in this wavelength region. The ways to improve the efficiency further are discussed. 相似文献
94.
F. Mahmoudi J. Rathsman O. Stål L. Zeune 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2011,71(4):1608
We consider scenarios in the next-to-minimal supersymmetric model (NMSSM) where the CP-odd and charged Higgs bosons are very
light. As we demonstrate, these can be obtained as simple deformations of existing phenomenological MSSM benchmarks scenarios
with parameters defined at the weak scale. This offers a direct and meaningful comparison to the MSSM case. Applying a wide
set of up-to-date constraints from both high-energy collider and flavor physics, the Higgs boson masses and couplings are
studied in viable parts of parameter space. The LHC phenomenology of the light Higgs scenario for neutral and charged Higgs
boson searches is discussed. 相似文献
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98.
A comprehensive algorithm was recently proposed for calculation of the sonochemical effectiveness factor and wastewater treatment modeling. The presented approach implies that ultrasound is an auxiliary source of free radicals in Fenton type reactions; introduction of ultrasound represents an enhancement of pollutant degradation rates. The sonochemical effectiveness factor was introduced in kinetic models as the eUS factor (Gr?i? et al., 2012 [1]). As a substantial follow-up, this study presents novel considerations. The eUS factor was modeled as a function of employed frequency, actual cavitation-related power intensity of ultrasound and a portion of the cavitationally active zone, i.e. dimensionless active volume. The effect of temperature was disregarded in the present model considerations. Cavitationally active zone in reactors was determined based on the erosion of aluminum foil, resulting in cone-shaped space arising from transducer.In the present study, sonochemical treatment of industrial wastewater containing HCOONa as organic pollutant was performed using different equipment: ultrasonic baths (UB1, UB2 and UB3), cylindrical reactor with homogenizer (HCR) and three-frequency hexagonal cell, i.e. ultrasonic pilot reactor prototype (PP). Explored frequency range was from 20 to 120 kHz. Homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton-type sonochemical processes, US/Fe(II)(FeSO4,aq.)/H2O2 and US/Fe(II)(steel-plate)/H2O2, respectively, applied to industrial wastewater were investigated in terms of mineralization kinetics. Newly modeled eUS factor was introduced in corresponding kinetic models and the overall model was validated. Kinetic parameters of Fenton process were treated as independent of ultrasound, since eUS factor consists of cavitation-related phenomena responsible for the mineralization rate enhancement. In average, a 21% increase of mineralization efficiency was achieved using a single frequency, while more than 70% increase can be achieved by combining 20, 68 and 120 kHz in PP. 相似文献
99.
Roman Gröger 《哲学杂志》2013,93(18):2021-2030
By direct application of stress in molecular statics calculations we identify the stress components that affect the glide of 1/2?111? screw dislocations in bcc tungsten. These results prove that the hydrostatic stress and the normal stress parallel to the dislocation line do not play any role in the dislocation glide. Therefore, the Peierls stress of the dislocation cannot depend directly on the remaining two normal stresses that are perpendicular to the dislocation but, instead, on their combination that causes an equibiaxial tension-compression (and thus shear) in the plane perpendicular to the dislocation line. The Peierls stress of 1/2?111? screw dislocations then depends only on the orientation of the plane in which the shear stress parallel to the Burgers vector is applied and on the magnitude and orientation of the shear stress perpendicular to the slip direction. 相似文献
100.