7-Deazaadenosine: Oligoribonucleotide building block synthesis and autocatalytic hydrolysis of base-modified hammerhead ribozymes

A 7-deazaadenosine ( = tubercidin; c⁷A; 1 ) building block for solid-phase oligoribonucleotide synthesis was prepared. The amino group of 1 was protected with the (dimethylamino)methylidene residue (→ 3 ), and the monomethoxytrityl group was introduced at OH? C(5′) (→ 4 ). Protection of OH? C(2′) was carried out by silylation, showing that use of the (i-Pr)₃Si group resulted in high 2′-O-selectivity (→ 5b , 80%). Reaction of 5b with PCl₃ afforded the phosphonate 7 which was used in solid-phase oligoribonucleotide synthesis. The autocatalytic hydrolysis of hammerhead ribozymes using pG-G-G-A-G-U-C-A-G-U-C-C-C-U-U-C-G-G-G-G-A-C-U-C-U-G-A-A-G-A-G-G-C-G-C as substrate strand (S) and modified G-C-G-C-C-G-A-A-A-C-U-C-C-C as enzyme strand (E) was studied. When c⁷A replaced A¹³ or A¹⁴, a small decrease of catalytic activity was observed, while modification in position A¹⁵ enhanced the autocatalytic hydrolysis. The results demonstrate, that the atom N(7) of adenosine in any of these positions is not crucial for ribozyme action.     

Ferrocene studies. IV. Some furan containing derivatives of ferrocene

The condensation of ferrocenecarboxyhydrazide, ferrocenecarboxaldehyde and acetylferrocene with a number of furan derivatives is reported. The reaction of chalcones containing both the furan and the ferrocene nucleus with Phenylhydrazine and hydrazine proceeds to yield pyrazolines.     

Osmotischer Druck in reagierenden polymeren Lösungen

Zusammenfassung Die osmotische Steighöhe über einer Lösung makromolekularer Stoffe, in der chemische Reaktionen verlaufen, wird als Funktion der Zeit, der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit und der Membranpermeabilität berechnet.Mit 1 AbbildungHerrn Prof. Dr.Emil Abel zum 80. Geburtstag in aufrichtiger Verehrung gewidmet.     

Fake molecular-orbital calculations

The FAKE method of approximate molecular-orbital calculations is presented and illustrated by application to a number of molecules. The method is of the extended Huckel type but uses accurately computed kinetic-energy matrix elements and avoids scale factors of the Wolfsberg—Helmholtz type. It also includes neighbor-atom charge effects and single-center off-diagonal matrix elements. These features permit FAKE occupied-orbital energies and charge distributions to come into close agreement with corresponding ab initio quantities.     

Where are the Sn atoms in LaSb2Snx, 0.1?x?∼0.75?

The composition range and (composite modulated) structure of compounds within the wide range non-stoichiometric LaSb₂Sn_x, 0.1?x?0.75, solid solution is carefully investigated via a combined electron diffraction, XRD and electron probe microanalysis study. Evidence for metastability of the LaSb₂Sn_x phase at the low x composition end of the solid solution is presented. Direct evidence is found for a reasonably (although by no means perfectly) well ordered Sn sub-structure which is, in general, mutually incommensurable with respect to a very well ordered underlying LaSb₂ sub-structure along both a and c directions. The overall (3+2)-d superspace group symmetry is given along with a discussion of the consequences as regards the arrangement of the Sn atoms. The Sn sub-structure c-axis cell dimension shows very little variation with composition x providing direct experimental evidence of the importance of Sn-Sn metallic bonding (along one-dimensional [001] Sn strings) for the stability of the phase.     

Determination of the solubility of organic compounds. II

Summary In general, solid particles liquify when they are exposed to air laden with the vapor of a liquid in which they are soluble. There are exceptions, however, which may be explained by assuming the formation of a solvate.

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Zusammenfassung Feste Teilchen verflüssigen sich im allgemeinen, wenn sie Luft ausgesetzt sind, die mit dem Dampf einer Flüssigkeit geladen ist, in der sie löslich sind. Es wurden aber Ausnahmen gefunden, die möglicherweise durch die Bildung von Solvaten erklärt werden können.

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Résumé Généralement, les particules solides se liquéfient si elles sont exposées à l'air chargé de la vapeur d'un liquide dans lequel elles sont solubles. Il existe cependant des exceptions que l'on peut expliquer en supposant la formation de solvates.

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On the occasion of the hundredth return ofFriedrich Emich's birthday.

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The authors wish to express their appreciation to ProfessorO. F. Steinbach for his suggestions and advice.