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11.
The self association of cumyl hydroperoxide and its complexing with polar monomers have been studied by proton magnetic resonance. These complexations are exothermic and strongly temperature dependent. It has been suggested that the complexation of cumyl hydroperoxide by polar monomers could be one of the causes of its efficiency in initiating the radical polymerization of vinyl monomers on an ethyl-zinc terminated polyethylene chain to form radical block copolymers. However, if this phenomenon has an effect on the initiation, it should not affect the propagation mechanisms, because the hydroperoxide is destroyed by ZnEt2 during initiation. Moreover, the tacticity of radical polymethylmethacrylate, obtained at 60° with (ZnEt2—cumyl hydroperoxide) in heptane does not differ from the conventional radical polymer. 相似文献
12.
The pigments Luteoskyrin (Ls) and Rugulosin (Rg) might adopt a priori two extreme conformations, a planar and an angular one. To determine the predominant conformation in solution, the nature of the lowest energy transition of the chromophores and the presence of intramolecular H-bonding have been investigated. The solvent effects on electronic absorption and CD spectra indicated the π-π* nature of the lowest energy transition. Treatments of the electronic absorption results according to McRae and Kosower relations, IR absorption and PMR spectra suggested the presence of strong intra-molecular H-bonds. From these results it was concluded that Ls and Rg adopted in a variety of solvents the most planar conformation. 相似文献
13.
An application of a new standardization method for rapid activation mass analysis with registration of the strongly absorbed low-energy gamma radiation is described. This method makes it possible to avoid the use of the time-consuming and laborious method of Internal Standard. 相似文献
14.
Journal of Global Optimization - Improperly efficient solutions in the sense of Geoffrion in linear fractional vector optimization problems with unbounded constraint sets are studied systematically... 相似文献
15.
Advances in Data Analysis and Classification - Online social network is a major media for many types of information communication. Although the primary purpose of social networks is to connect... 相似文献
16.
17.
Nguyen Thanh Long Pham Ngoc Dinh Alain 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》1993,16(4):281-295
We study the following initial and boundary value problem: In section 1, with u0 in L2(Ω), f continuous such that f(u) + ? non-decreasing for ? positive, we prove the existence of a unique solution on (0,T), for each T > 0. In section 2 it is proved that the unique soluition u belongs to L2(0, T; H ∩ H2) ∩ L∞(0, T; H) if we assume u0 in H and f in C1(?,?). Numerical results are given for these two cases. 相似文献
18.
Ta Chi Chiang Quang-Tho Pham Alain Guyot 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1977,15(9):2173-2191
Constant-composition copolymers of methyl methacrylate and vinylidene chloride produced by radical copolymerization are studied by 1H-NMR at 60 and 250 MHz. The different methods of the literature for the derivation of reactivity ratios from either the copolymer composition or the sequence average lengths, or even the diad distribution, are applied but lead to rather dispersed results. A new graphical method is proposed, based on the use of peculiar values of the triad distribution functions. It allows us to detect a penultimate effect for the vinylidene chloride-rich region. In the same range, a change in tacticity of the diads and triads on the methylmethacrylate sequences, as compared with homopolymers, is observed; it suggests that the anomaly is caused by the competition of the depropagation reaction. 相似文献
19.
Alain Essel Quang Tho Pham 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1972,10(9):2793-2801
With accumulated HR-NMR spectra of anionic polyisoprenes, it has been possible to study the influence of the nature of the propagating species on the microstructure of the obtained polymers If free ions are responsible for the propagation, the microstructure (1,4-: 25%, 1,2-: 33%, 3,4-: 42%) does not depend on the nature of the cations. But with contact ion pairs, the different addition modes are governed by the size of the alkali metal counterions. Mechanisms of anionic propagations via diene–cation coordination are proposed. 相似文献
20.
The chlorination of branched high-pressure polyethylenes, promoted by u.v. at various temperatures in carbon tetrachloride and 1,1–2,2 tetrachloroethane, has been studied. It has been possible to elucidate the influence of the temperature and the nature of the solvent on the characteristics of the chlorinated polymers.The chlorination is more efficient in carbon tetrachloride, where the efficiency of the u.v. is not affected by the medium.At the same degree of chlorination, the chain-breaking mechanisms are more important in carbon tetrachloride than in tetrachloroethane; they increase when the temperature of the medium increases. The chlorine-saturated polyethylene obtained in carbon tetrachloride is richer in 1,2 dichloroethylene sequences.Below 60°, the yield of chlorinated polymer is the same in the two solvents. Chlorination at higher temperature in tetrachloroethane does not improve the structural regularity or the yield of the chlorine-saturated polyethylenes. 相似文献