Synthesis and application of modified poly (styrene‐alt‐maleic anhydride) networks as a nano chelating resin for uptake of heavy metal ions

A chelating resin based on modified poly (styrene‐alt‐maleic anhydride) with 3‐aminobenzoic acid was synthesized. This modified resin was further reacted by 1,2‐diaminoethane or 1,3‐diaminopropane in the presence of ultrasonic irradiation to prepare tridimensional chelating resin for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The adsorption behavior of Fe(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II) ions was investigated by synthesized chelating resins in various pH. Among the synthesized resins, CSMA‐AB1 and CSMA‐AB2 demonstrated a high affinity for the selected metal ions compared to SMA‐AB, and the order of removal percentage changes as follow: Fe(II) > Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II). The adsorption of all metal ions in acidic medium was moderate, and it was favored at the pH value of 6 and 7. Also, the prepared resins were examined for removal of metal ions from industrial wastewater and were shown to have a very efficient adsorption in the case of Cu(II), Fe(II) and Pb(II); however, the adsorption of Zn(II) was lower than others. The resin was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction analysis and thermogravimetric analysis/derivative thermogravimetry. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A result of suzuki type in partial G-metric spaces

Recently, Suzuki [T. Suzuki, A generalized Banach contraction principle that characterizes metric completeness, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 136 (2008), 1861-1869] proved a fixed point theorem that is a generalization of the Banach contraction principle and characterizes the metric completeness. Paesano and Vetro [D. Paesano and P. Vetro, Suzuki's type characterizations of completeness for partial metric spaces and fixed points for partially ordered metric spaces, Topology Appl., 159 (2012), 911-920] proved an analogous fixed point result for a self-mapping on a partial metric space that characterizes the partial metric 0-completeness. In this article, we introduce the notion of partial G-metric spaces and prove a result of Suzuki type in the setting of partial G-metric spaces. We deduce also a result of common fixed point.     

Synthesis,antibacterial and antioxidant activity of novel 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives of dehydroabietylamine diterpene

A series of novel 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones was synthesized by a three-component reaction between dehydroabietylamine (DHA) diterpene, isatoic anhydride and different aromatic aldehydes in the presence of a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid (13 mol%). Diastereomeric products were separated by preparative thin-layer chromatography and their structures were characterized by ¹H and ¹³C NMR, HMQC, IR and HR-ESI-MS. Antioxidant activities of the synthesized compounds were assessed by two different methods including DPPH and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching assays. Antibacterial activities of the compounds were also evaluated against two Gram-positive and one Gram-negative bacterial strains and in the case of Bacillus cereus a considerable inhibitory effect (MIC 4–16 μg/ml) was observed.     

Noncommutative correction to the Cornell potential in heavy-quarkonium atoms

We investigate the effect of space–time noncommutativity on the Cornell potential in heavy-quarkonium systems. It is known that the space–time noncommutativity can create bound states, and we therefore consider the noncommutative geometry of the space–time as a correction in quarkonium models. Furthermore, we take the experimental hyperfine measurements of the bottomium ground state as an upper limit on the noncommutative energy correction and derive the maximum possible value of the noncommutative parameter θ, obtaining θ ≤ 37.94 · 10^?34 m². Finally, we use our model to calculate the maximum value of the noncommutative energy correction for energy levels of charmonium and bottomium in 1S and 2S levels. The energy correction as a binding effect in quarkonium system is smaller for charmonium than for bottomium, as expected.     

Colorimetric response to mercury-induced abstraction of triethylene glycol ligands from a gold nanoparticle surface

A simple method for specific colorimetric sensing of aqueous mercury(ii) has been developed by using a gold nanoparticle supported by triethylene glycol ligand (Au:S-EG(3)). The unusual kinetic behavior of the sensing process of Hg(2+) and the TEM images of the Au core, as well as the electrospray ionization mass spectroscopic analysis of the analyte solution, have led us to propose a new color changing mechanism that involves ligand abstraction from a gold surface by Hg(2+).     

Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of different extracts of Nepeta betonicifolia C.A. Meyer and Nepeta saccharata Bunge

Aerial parts essential oil of Nepeta betonicifolia and N. saccharata were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Thirty-three and eighteen components represented 97.9% and 98.2% of the total oils identified, respectively. Main compounds of the oil of N. betonicifolia were 4aα,7β,7aα-nepetalactone (42.0%), germacrene D (6.0%), triplal (5.2%), 1-nor-bourbonanone (4.0%) and 1,8-cineole (3.2%). The principal constituents of the essential oil of N. saccharata were found to be 4aβ,7α,7aβ-nepetalactone (66.9%), germacrene D (12.9%), sabinene (6.5%) and trans-caryophyllene (3.3%). The radical scavenging capacity (RSC) of methanol extracts and chloroform, butanol and water subfractions of aerial parts of N. betonicifolia and N. saccharata were evaluated by using DPPH, FRAP and ABTS assays. TPC of each extract was measured using Folin-Ciocalteau. The antioxidant activity of the butanolic subfractions of both plants was higher than other extracts examined.     

New applications of multiply charged ionic probes as cleavable cross-linker and polymerization reagent

We have designed new cleavable cross-linkers for biomolecules containing the 2,6-bis(oxazolinyl)pyridine (pybox) lanthanum complex. These species can effectively donate multiple charges to afford cross-linker ions for target biomolecules. The cross-linkers are cleaved easily by adding water. Moreover, we were able to detect chain structures of target molecules, including biomolecules and carbon clusters, such as fullerene C₆₀, by the addition of some MS ionic probes. Cold-spray ionization mass spectrometry demonstrated the applications of multiply charged ionic probes as cleavable cross-linkers and polymerization reagents.     

A note on the Schur multiplier of groups of prime power order

By a well-known result of Green (Proc R Soc A 237:574?C581, 1956) and the formal definition of Ellis and Wiegold (Bull Austral Math Soc 60:191?C196, 1999), there is an integer t, say corank(G), such that ${|\mathcal{M}(G)| = p^{\frac{1}{2}n(n-1)-t}}$ . In Niroomand (J Algebra 322:4479?C4482, 2009), the author showed for a non-abelian group G, corank(G)????log _p (|G|)?2 and classified the structure of all non-abelian p-groups of corank log _p (|G|)?2. In the present paper, we are interesting to characterize the structure of all p-groups of corank log _p (|G|)?1.     

Supramolecular gelation of alcohol and water by synthetic amphiphilic gallic acid derivatives

The supramolecular organogelation of alcohols was observed in relatively hydrophobic amphiphiles with a short oligo(ethylene glycol) unit and three long alkyl chains at room temperature, while the hydrogelation occurred in more hydrophilic gelators with a longer poly(ethylene glycol) unit and two long alkyl chains at various temperatures. When a hot aqueous solution of some of the synthetic hydrogelators was cooled down, the supramolecular hydrogel was formed at room temperature. In some other amphiphiles with less intermolecular interactivity in water at room temperature, a reverse phase transition of sol to gel was observed by elevating the temperature of their aqueous systems, especially below a physiological temperature, 37 °C. The supramolecular hydrogelation at a low or high temperature was dependent on a slight molecular modification of the synthetic amphiphiles.     

A note on the exterior centralizer

The notion of the exterior centralizer C_G^ù(x){C_G^{^\wedge}(x)} of an element x of a group G is introduced in the present paper in order to improve some known results on the non-abelian tensor product of two groups. We study the structure of G by looking at that of C_G^ù(x){C_G^{^\wedge}(x)} and we find some bounds for the Schur multiplier M(G) of G.