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101.
The use of temporary tethers in facilitating meta photocycloaddition reactions between phenol and allyl alcohol derivatives has been investigated. The merits of silicon, carbonate and methylene acetal tethers were assessed, whilst considering strategies for the preparation of the natural products gymnomitrol and gelsemine. The photoadducts were epoxidised, and then subjected to acid catalysed fragmentation with concomitant cleavage of the tether. Depending on whether water or methanol was used during the fragmentation stage of the methylene tethers, the methylene group was either removed altogether or transformed into a MOM group. 相似文献
102.
A new co‐ordinate invariant streamwise upwind formulation for convection dominated flows is developed. The eddy diffusivity/viscosity is added directly to the equations in order to remove the oscillations in the solution. The equations then can be solved by any high‐order scheme and the solution retains the accuracy of the high‐order scheme. The accuracy and reduced lateral thickness growth rate are demonstrated with several numerical examples, including pure convective flows and lid‐driven cavity flow. The lateral spreading due to the numerical diffusion is controlled by the anisotropic tensor. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
103.
Paul du Bois-Reymond 《Mathematische Annalen》1882,20(1):122-124
Ohne ZusammenfassungAbgedruckt aus den Sitzungsberichten der math.-phys. Classe der k. b. Akadem. d. Wiss. zu München. 相似文献
104.
Paul A. Binding Patrick J. Browne Bruce A. Watson 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》2004,291(1):246-261
Three inverse problems for a Sturm-Liouville boundary value problem −y″+qy=λy, y(0)cosα=y′(0)sinα and y′(1)=f(λ)y(1) are considered for rational f. It is shown that the Weyl m-function uniquely determines α, f, and q, and is in turn uniquely determined by either two spectra from different values of α or by the Prüfer angle. For this it is necessary to produce direct results, of independent interest, on asymptotics and oscillation. 相似文献
105.
Nearly four hundred non-routine organizational decisions were investigated to discover search approaches––determining the frequency of use and success of each search approach uncovered. A “search approach” is made up of a direction and a means to uncover solution ideas. Direction indicates desired results and it can be either implicit or explicit, with an explicit direction offering either a problem or a goal-like target. Solutions can be uncovered by opportunity, bargaining, and chance as well as by rational approaches. Defining a search approach as a direction coupled with a means of search, search approaches were linked with indicators of success, measured by the decision's adoption, value and timeliness, noting frequency. A rational, goal-directed, search approach was more apt to produce successful outcomes. Bargaining with stakeholders to uncover solutions was always combined some of the search approaches in this study, and this merger improved the prospects of success. Searches with an opportunistic or chance (emergent opportunity) features and rational searches with a problem target were more apt to produce unsuccessful outcomes. The means used to come up with a solution had less bearing on success than did the type of direction, with goal-directed searches leading to the best outcomes. Each search approach is discussed to reveal best practices and to offer suggestions to improve practice. 相似文献
106.
Claude Didierjean Julien Marin Emmanuel Wenger Jean‐Paul Briand Andr Aubry Gilles Guichard 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2004,60(3):o200-o203
X‐ray studies reveal that tert‐butyl (6S)‐6‐isobutyl‐2,4‐dioxopiperidine‐1‐carboxylate occurs in the 4‐enol form, viz. tert‐butyl (6S)‐4‐hydroxy‐6‐isobutyl‐2‐oxo‐1,2,5,6‐tetrahydropyridine‐1‐carboxylate, C14H23NO4, when crystals are grown from a mixture of dichloromethane and pentane, and has an axial orientation of the isobutyl side chain at the 6‐position of the piperidine ring. Reduction of the keto functionality leads predominantly to the corresponding β‐hydroxylated δ‐lactam, tert‐butyl (4R,6S)‐4‐hydroxy‐6‐isobutyl‐2‐oxopiperidine‐1‐carboxylate, C14H25NO4, with a cis configuration of the 4‐hydroxy and 6‐isobutyl groups. The two compounds show similar molecular packing driven by strong O—H⋯O=C hydrogen bonds, leading to infinite chains in the crystal structure. 相似文献
107.
Reported are fiber de-multiplexers based on side-polished fibers with a long interaction length and intra-core fiberBragg gratings. In conjunction with the silicon processing technologies, we demonstrate fiber filters and advantages ofour approaches are addressed. 相似文献
108.
Walter D. Neumann Paul Norbury 《Transactions of the American Mathematical Society》2003,355(2):519-538
We show that although the fundamental group of the complement of an algebraic affine plane curve is not easy to compute, it possesses a more accessible quotient, which we call the Orevkov invariant.
109.
Nathan S. Feldman Paul McGuire 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2003,131(6):1793-1801
In this paper we show that the spectral picture of an irreducible subnormal operator may be arbitrarily prescribed subject only to certain natural necessary conditions. This completes work begun by the second author.
110.