On real forms of JB*-triples

We introduce real JB^*-triples as real forms of (complex) JB^*-triples and give an algebraic characterization of surjective linear isometries between them. As main result we show: A bijective (not necessarily continuous) linear mapping between two real JB^*-triples is an isometry if and only if it commutes with the cube mappinga→a ³={aaa}. This generalizes a result of Dang for complex JB^*-triples. We also associate to every tripotent (i.e. fixed point of the cube mapping) and hence in particular to every extreme point of the unit ball in a real JB^*-triple numerical invariants that are respected by surjective linear isometries.     

Mössbauer spectroscopic and SEM study of Campanian and Terra sigillata pottery from Spain

A combination of Mössbauer spectroscopy (CEMS and transmission) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) was employed to study the differences between coat and body in Campanian and Terra Sigillata wares. Conclusions about type of clay, origin of colour, and fabric and firing technology are established.     

Enhancement of pairwise entanglement via Z2 symmetry breaking

We study the effect of symmetry breaking in a quantum phase transition on pairwise entanglement in spin-1/2 models. We give a set of conditions on correlation functions a model has to meet in order to keep the pairwise entanglement unchanged by a parity symmetry breaking. It turns out that all mean-field solvable models do meet this requirement, whereas the presence of strong correlations leads to a violation of this condition. This results in an order-induced enhancement of entanglement, and we report on two examples where this takes place.     

Tetrapyrrole singlet excited state quenching by carotenoids in an artificial photosynthetic antenna

Two artificial photosynthetic antenna models consisting of a Si phthalocyanine (Pc) bearing two axially attached carotenoid moieties having either 9 or 10 conjugated double bonds are used to illustrate some of the function of carotenoids in photosynthetic membranes. Both models studied in toluene, methyltetrahydrofuran, and benzonitrile exhibited charge separated states of the type C*+-Pc*- confirming that the quenching of the Pc S1 state is due to photoinduced electron transfer. In hexane, the Pc S1 state of the 10 double bond carotenoid-Pc model was slightly quenched but the C*+-Pc*- transient was not spectroscopically detected. A semiclassical analysis of the data in hexane at temperatures ranging from 180 to 320 K was used to demonstrate that photoinduced electron transfer could occur. The model bearing the 10 double bond carotenoids exhibits biexponential fluorescence decay in toluene and in hexane, which is interpreted in terms of an equilibrium mixture of two isomers comprising s-cis and s-trans conformers of the carotenoid. The shorter fluorescence lifetime is associated with an s-cis carotenoid conformer where the close approach between the donor and acceptor moieties provides through-space electronic coupling in addition to the through-bond component.     

Copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of diethylzinc to alpha,beta-unsaturated imines derived from alpha-aminoacids. Enantioselective synthesis of gamma-substituted alpha-dehydroaminoesters

[Structure: see text] A highly enantioselective synthesis of alpha-dehydroaminoacids with a stereogenic center in the gamma position through copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of diethylzinc to alpha,beta-unsaturated imines using a TADDOL-derived phosphoramidite complex is reported.     

Thermoacoustic tomography for an integro-differential wave equation modeling attenuation

In this article we study the inverse problem of thermoacoustic tomography (TAT) on a medium with attenuation represented by a time-convolution (or memory) term, and whose consideration is motivated by the modeling of ultrasound waves in heterogeneous tissue via fractional derivatives with spatially dependent parameters. Under the assumption of being able to measure data on the whole boundary, we prove uniqueness and stability, and propose a convergent reconstruction method for a class of smooth variable sound speeds. By a suitable modification of the time reversal technique, we obtain a Neumann series reconstruction formula.     

Extended centroid and central closure of semiprime normed algebras. a first approach

In this paper, we classify all the multiplicity-free permutation characters of sporadic simple groups and their automorphism groups. This project is an application of the group theory system GAP, its character table library, and its library of tables of marks.