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通过对拱顶储罐罐壁承受轴向载荷、初始几何缺陷及轴压失稳状况研究,指 出在固定顶罐设计、建造和运行各阶段都应进行罐壁轴压稳定性校核. 根据圆柱薄壳稳定性 理论和轴压失稳临界应力数值分析计算结果,提出固定顶罐罐壁轴压稳定性校核方法和数学 模型,并运用回归分析方法建立罐壁轴压失稳临界应力计算公式. 对几种常用规格的拱顶罐 有初始挠度缺陷罐壁轴压稳定性分析表明：随储罐容积和罐壁初始挠度增大,罐壁轴压稳定 性呈减弱趋势.     

红外光学材料折射率均匀性的测量不确定度评定

基于多样品多型号仪器的测试信息及其GUM和MCM方法,讨论了四步干涉法测量红外光学材料折射率均匀性的测量范围及其测量不确定度评定。红外干涉测量的绝对灵敏度和准确度虽不及可见激光干涉仪,但采用了四步干涉测量的方法,消除了干涉仪的固有系统误差,有利于实现对红外光学材料折射率均匀性的高准确度测量。实际测试表明,该测量范围覆盖110-5～510-3,测量相对标准不确定度为210-1～210-2。     

Electrocatalytic hydrogenation of 4-chlorophenol on the glassy carbon electrode modified by composite polypyrrole/palladium film

A polypyrrole/palladium composite film was prepared on a glassy carbon electrode by the electrochemical deposition method. The palladium particles were uniformly dispersed on a polypyrrole film that was previously electrodeposited on a glassy carbon electrode. By controlling the polymerization process of pyrrole, a highly porous polypyrrole film was obtained; this kind of structure provided more surface areas for depositing palladium particles. The sizes of Pd particles deposited on the porous polypyrrole film are about 15-30 nm. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed there was strong interaction between polypyrrole film and palladium particles. This modified electrode showed excellent current efficiency (49.5%) for electrochemical hydrogenation of 4-chlorophenol and the phenol was the sole product. The potential effect on the dechlorination process was also investigated.     

2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺光度法测定铜

在pH=4.0的磷酸盐缓冲介质中,CTMAB存在下,2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(QADMAA)与铜反应生成2:1稳定络合物,络合物λmax=580nm,ε=1.14×105L·mol-1·cm-1.铜含量在0.01-0.6μg/mL内符合比耳定律,方法用于环境样品中铜的测定,结果令人满意.     

用光学多通道分析仪系统作高分辨光谱测量的技术

通常的光多通道分析仪(OMA)存在着同时谱宽与分辨率的矛盾.本文所述方法,在不减小谱宽的前提下,可将该分析仪光谱分辨率提高1～2量级,使之可适用于高分辨率谱研究.     

解约束优化问题的QP-free可行域方法

本文利用一个新的分片线性NCP函数提出一个新的可行的QP-free方法解非线性不等式约束优化问题.不同于其他的QP-free方法,这个方法只考虑在工作集中的约束函数,工作集是积极集的一个估计,因此子问题的维数不是满秩的.这个方法可行的并且不需假定严格互补条件、聚点的孤立性得到算法的全局收敛性,并且积极约束函数的梯度不要求线性独立的,其中由拟牛顿法得到的子矩阵不需要求一致正定性.     

N在Zn1-xBexO合金中热力学稳定性的第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理计算方法,通过改变Zn1-xBexO合金中Be的浓度及其掺杂位型,研究N在Zn1-xBexO合金中的形成能和受主离化能,分析了p型导电的可能性.结果表明:Be-N共掺杂时,N优先占据周围没有Be的O位置,每增加一个Be近邻掺杂原子,No的形成能增加约0.2 eV.当近邻Be原子数为2和3时,No的受主离化能比较低.Be浓度为11at;时,具有2个近邻Be原子的No的受主离化能降低至0.1 eV左右,可以认为是浅受主,Be-N共掺ZnO才可能呈p型导电.考虑No在室温条件下的受主离化率和No形成能的影响,估算出Be-N所提供的空穴载流子浓度不会高于1017 cm-3;如果计及n型背景载流子的补偿效应,Be-N共掺ZnO的p型导电率应该比较低.     

基于遗传算法的G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)家族的分类预测研究

G蛋白偶联受体广泛参与各类生理活动的调控,目前市场上1/2的小分子药物均是以GPCR为药物靶标。由于G蛋白偶联受体晶体结构缺乏,采用理论方法对G蛋白受体耦合特异性进行分类预测在药物研发领域有着重要的学术和应用价值。因此,本文采用模式识别方法,基于GPCR序列,以伪氨基酸算法以及遗传算法为基础,用支持向量机方法建立了G蛋白偶联受体耦合特异性的预测模型,取得了可达82.5%的较高的预测准确度。     

等离子体原子发射光谱法研究纳米Al2O3材料对稀土离子(La3+、Eu3+和Yb3+)的吸附行为

采用等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)为检测手段,以纳米Al2O3为吸附材料,系统地研究了其在静态条件下对稀土离子(La3+、Eu3+和Yb3+)的吸附性能,确定了最佳吸附及解脱条件.实验结果表明,在pH=8.0～9.0范围内,分析物可被定量吸附,用1.0 mol·L-1盐酸溶液可将吸附的稀土离子完全解脱.本方法对La3+、Eu3+和Yb3+的检出限分别为10.2 ng·mL-1、5.2 ng·mL-1和1.7 ng·mL-1,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为3.9%、4.2%和2.9%(n=11,c=0.5μg·mL-1).所得实验数据显示,该吸附材料的吸附容量比色谱用氧化铝高2～3倍.     

Foam/Film Alternating Multilayer Structure with High Toughness and Low Thermal Conductivity Prepared via Microlayer Coextrusion

Multilayer membranes prepared via microlayer coextrusion have attracted wide attention due to their unique properties and broad applications. In present study, the foam/film alternating multilayer sheets based on ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA) and high-density polyethylene are successfully prepared via microlayer coextrusion. The cells in the sheets are single-cell-array along the foamed EVA layers with uniform cell size. In addition, the effects of layer number and foam relative thickness on morphology, mechanical properties, damping and heat insulation properties are investigated. The cell size decreases significantly with increasing layer number due to the enhanced confine effects. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and heat insulation also increase significantly. However, the mechanical damping properties change little in the observed frequency. Meanwhile, with higher relative thickness of EVA foam, the sheets have lower tensile strength and lower thermal conductivity, while the damping properties are enhanced in a specific frequency scope. The elongation at break of the optimized sample comes to 800% and the thermal conductivity decreases to 61 mW·m~(-1)·K~(-1), which shows high toughness and low thermal conductivity, indicating a possible method for preparing materials with high toughness and heat-insulating properties.