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991.
Institute of Mathematics and Cybernetics, Lithuanian Academy of Sciences. Vilnius University. Translated from Litovskii Matematicheskii Sbornik (Lietuvos Matematikos Rinkinys), Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 337–350, April–June, 1991. 相似文献
992.
993.
Joachim Käschel 《Proceedings Mathematical Sciences》1992,102(2):155-158
In Venkaiah [1] an algorithm for solving linear optimization problems based on the idea of the projective algorithm of Karmarkar,
is proposed. The essential simplification in the new algorithm is the use of a fixed projection operator. In this way the
algorithm requires onlyO(n
2
) operations to obtain a sufficient exact solution. In this note it is shown that in some special cases the algorithm of Venkaiah
yields a feasible solution that is far from the optimal one. 相似文献
994.
995.
Summary Glass formation in nature and materials science is reviewed and the recent recognition of polymorphism within the glassy state,
polyamorphism, is discussed. The process by which the glassy state originates during the continuous cooling or viscous slowdown
process, is examined and the three canonical characteristics of relaxing liquids are correlated through the fragility. The
conversion of strong liquids to fragile liquids by pressure-induced coordination number increases is discussed, and then it
is shown that for the same type of system it is possible to have the same conversion accomplished via a first-order transition
within the liquid state. The systems in which this can happen are of the same type which exhibit polyamorphism, and the whole
phenomenology can be accounted for by a recent simple modification of the van der Waals model for tetrahedrally bonded liquids.
The concept of complex amorphous systems which can lose a significant number of degrees of freedom through weak first-order
transitions is then used to discuss the relation between native and denatured hydrated proteins, since the latter have much
in common with plasticized chain polymer systems. Finally, we close the circle by taking a short-time-scale phenomenon given
much attention by protein physicists,viz., the onset of an anomaly in the Debye-Waller factor with increasing temperature, and showing that for a wide variety of liquids,
including computer-simulated strong and fragile ionic liquids, this phenomenon is closely correlated with the experimental
glass transition temperature. This implies that the latter owes its origin to the onset of strong anharmonicity in certain
components of the vibrational density of states (evidently related to the boson peak) which then permits the system to gain
access to its configurational degrees of freedom. The more anharmonic these vibrational components, the closer to the Kauzmann
temperature will commence the exploration of configuration space and, for a given configurational microstate degeneracy, the
more fragile the liquid will be.
Paper presented at the I International Conference on Scaling Concepts and Complex Fluids, Copanello, Italy, July 4–8, 1994. 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
K. Prokeš 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》2002,52(2):253-258
Many materials exhibit various magnetic phenomena as a function of magnetic field, temperature and/or pressure. Usually, bulk magnetic measurements provide first information on the magnetic state of the material by measuring their response on the applied magnetic field. However, it is necessary to investigate materials also on a microscopic scale. This is often done by means of neutron scattering. In this contribution we discuss basic ideas of this method and we report on few experimental results obtained with a split-pair coil 14.5 T superconducting magnet which can be combined with dilution stick offering temperatures as low as 30 mK and/or with a small clamped-type pressure cell which offers pressure up to 1.0 GPa. 相似文献
999.
A two-dimensional self consistent model of the Beam-Plasma-Discharge (BPD) has been developed to calculate the discharge ignition of a bandlike electron beam in a discharge chamber. The discharge was considered in Argon with an initial concentration of 1014 cm?3. The model allows calculation of the time evolution of perpendicular profiles of electron density, temperature and the potential. 相似文献
1000.