全文获取类型
收费全文 | 944篇 |
免费 | 46篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 662篇 |
力学 | 22篇 |
数学 | 160篇 |
物理学 | 153篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 19篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 33篇 |
2020年 | 25篇 |
2019年 | 27篇 |
2018年 | 10篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 38篇 |
2015年 | 36篇 |
2014年 | 39篇 |
2013年 | 64篇 |
2012年 | 61篇 |
2011年 | 66篇 |
2010年 | 35篇 |
2009年 | 43篇 |
2008年 | 39篇 |
2007年 | 55篇 |
2006年 | 37篇 |
2005年 | 45篇 |
2004年 | 37篇 |
2003年 | 25篇 |
2002年 | 26篇 |
2001年 | 12篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 16篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 12篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1972年 | 6篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1936年 | 2篇 |
1930年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有997条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
Simon Ludwanowski Dr. Meral Ari Karsten Parison Somar Kalthoum Paula Straub Nils Pompe Prof. Dr. Stefan Weber Priv.-Doz. Dr. Michael Walter Prof. Dr. Andreas Walther 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(58):13203-13212
Arylazopyrazoles are an emerging class of photoswitches with redshifted switching wavelength, high photostationary states, long thermal half-lives and facile synthetic access. Understanding pathways for a simple modulation of the thermal half-lives, while keeping other parameters of interest constant, is an important aspect for out-of-equilibrium systems design and applications. Here, it is demonstrated that the thermal half-life of a water-soluble PEG-tethered arylazo-bis(o-methylated)pyrazole (AAP) can be tuned by more than five orders of magnitude using simple pH adjustment, which is beyond the tunability of azobenzenes. The mechanism of thermal relaxation is investigated by thorough spectroscopic analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Finally, the concepts of a tunable half-life are transferred from the molecular scale to the material scale. Based on the photochromic characteristics of E- and Z-AAP, transient information storage is showcased in form of light-written patterns inside films cast from different pH, which in turn leads to different times of storage. With respect to prospective precisely tunable materials and time-programmed out-of-equilibrium systems, an externally tunable half-life is likely advantageous over changing the entire system by the replacement of the photoswitch. 相似文献
42.
Nils Metzler 《Nachrichten aus der Chemie》1994,42(12):1254-1256
„First International Conference on the Chemistry of the Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals”︁ - die unter diesem Titel Ende September in Cambridge (UK) abgehaltene Tagung zeigte, daß sich die Chemie der Elemente der ersten beiden Hauptgruppen von einem esoterischen Spiel mit hochempfindlichen Verbindungen zu einem aktuellen und vielseitigen Zweig der Chemie entwickelt hat. 相似文献
43.
Harry J. Whitlow Margaretha Andersson Mikael Hult Leif Persson Mohamed El Bouanani Mikael Östling Carina Zaring Nils Lundberg David D. Cohen Nick Dytlewski Peter N. Johnston Ian F. Bubb Scott R. Walker Erik Johanson Sture Hogmark P. Anders Ingemarsson 《Mikrochimica acta》1995,120(1-4):171-181
Recoil Spectrometry covers a group of techniques that are very similar to the well known Rutherford backscattering Spectrometry technique, but with the important difference that one measures the recoiling target atom rather than the projectile ion. This makes it possible to determine both the identity of the recoil and its depth of origin from its energy and velocity, using a suitable detector system. The incident ion is typically high-energy (30–100MeV)35C1,81Br or127I. Low concentrations of light elements such as C, O and N can be profiled in a heavy matrix such as Fe or GaAs. Here we present an overview of mass and energy dispersive recoil Spectrometry and illustrate its successful use in some typical applications. 相似文献
44.
45.
Wang J Struckmeier U Yang B Cool TA Osswald P Kohse-Höinghaus K Kasper T Hansen N Westmoreland PR 《The journal of physical chemistry. A》2008,112(39):9255-9265
This work provides experimental evidence on how the molecular compositions of fuel-rich low-pressure premixed flames are influenced as the oxygenates dimethyl ether (DME) or ethanol are incrementally blended into the propene fuel. Ten different flames with a carbon-to-oxygen ratio of 0.5, ranging from 100% propene (phi = 1.5) to 100% oxygenated fuel (phi = 2.0), are analyzed with flame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry employing electron- or photoionization. Absolute mole fraction profiles for flame species with masses ranging from m/z = 2 (H2) to m/z = 80 (C6H8) are analyzed with particular emphasis on the formation of harmful emissions. Fuel-specific destruction pathways, likely to be initiated by hydrogen abstraction, appear to lead to benzene from propene combustion and to formaldehyde and acetaldehyde through DME and ethanol combustion, respectively. While the concentration of acetaldehyde increases 10-fold as propene is substituted by ethanol, it decreases as propene is replaced with DME. In contrast, the formaldehyde concentration rises only slightly with ethanol replacement but increases markedly with addition of DME. Allyl and propargyl radicals, the dominant precursors for benzene formation, are likely to be produced directly from propene decomposition or via allene and propyne. Benzene formation through propargyl radicals formed via unsaturated C2 intermediates in the decomposition of DME and ethanol is negligibly small. As a consequence, DME and ethanol addition lead to similar reductions of the benzene concentration. 相似文献
46.
47.
The oxidation of cyclooctane (1) to cyclooctanone (3) with molecular oxygen and acetaldehyde (2) as a co-reductant occurs efficiently in the presence of compressed CO2. Up to 20% yields of 3 are obtained under optimised multiphase conditions. 相似文献
48.
Monovacancy diffusion alone dominates over diffusion due to divacancies and interstitials in Al for all temperatures up to the melting point. Deviations from a single Arrhenius dependence are due to anharmonicity. The conclusion is based on a combination of theoretical methods, from density functional theory to thermodynamic integration, without fitting to experimental data. The calculated diffusion rate agrees with experimental data over 11 orders of magnitude. 相似文献
49.
50.
Femtosecond three-pulse photon-echo studies of acetic acid dimers in solution reveal multilevel coherence of O-H stretching excitations caused by the anharmonic coupling between the high-frequency stretching and low-frequency hydrogen-bond motions. We demonstrate for the first time that such multilevel coherence determines the nonexponential decay of the macroscopic O-H stretching polarization, whereas spectral diffusion processes play a minor role. The dephasing time of individual vibrational transitions contributing to the overall polarization is approximately 200 fs. 相似文献