邛崃窑彩绘瓷彩绘工艺的SRXRF研究

邛崃窑彩绘瓷的彩绘技法,是考古学家和陶瓷专家十分关心而又长期争论、至今未有定论的问题。文章采用SRXRF方法,对邛崃窑古瓷残片剖面进行了线扫描分析,着重探讨了彩料与瓷釉的相对关系,结果发现古代邛崃窑彩绘瓷器中既有釉上彩又有釉下彩,这对我国古代瓷器彩绘工艺的发展具有一定的参考价值。     

羿喹啉及其衍生物的电子结构与缓蚀性能关系的研究

本文在30℃, 1.0mol.dm^-3 HCl溶液中用电化学方法测定了异喹啉及其羟基,羧基衍生物对Fe电极的缓蚀效率。并用HMO和CNDO/2方法计算了这些化合物的量子化学参数, 发现异喹啉及其衍生物分子中氮原子电荷和π净电荷越小, 缓蚀性能越好; 随着这些化合物异喹啉环中吡啶环上原子电荷之和的增大, 缓蚀性能提高; 吡啶环亲核前沿电荷与缓蚀效率有很好的线性关系, 提出了这类缓蚀剂分子可能呈平卧方式吸附于金属电极表面, 从而起缓蚀作用, 预测了五个新分子的缓蚀性能。     

对-双(双环[2.2.1]-2,5-庚二烯-2-甲酰胺基)苯的合成

降冰片二烯(即双环[2.2.1]-2,5-庚二烯)及其衍生物,在光照下异构化为四环庚烷,在热或催化剂作用下,又恢复为原先的双烯结构,过程中伴随着释放热能。因此,降冰片二烯系列是将光能转成热能的具有开发价值的体系之一。     

燃烧氧化偶联离子色谱法检测甲醇、碳黑中氯和硫

提出采用燃烧氧化偶联离子色谱法测定甲醇、碳黑中的氯和硫的含量。方法通过在管式炉中燃烧将甲醇、碳黑中的氯及硫转化为Cl2、HCl,SO2,SO3等气态物质。选用I-/I3-溶液作为燃烧产物的吸收剂。I-/I3-溶液既作氧化剂又作还原剂,将Cl2、HCl转化为Cl-,将SO2、SO3转化为SO42-。用离子色谱法测量吸收剂中Cl-和SO42-的含量进而推算甲醇、碳黑中氯和硫的含量。实验结果表明,该方法简单、准确、灵敏。氯和硫的检出限分别为9.71μg/g和1.64μg/g。     

氟化氢泛频20P4,20P5激光谱线大气传输性能实验

采用氟化氢泛频化学激光器作光源 ,在室外实际大气中测量了氟化氢泛频激光 2 0P4、2 0P5谱线的大气透过率 ,分析计算了其大气消光系数和大气吸收系数。实验表明氟化氢泛频激光处于大气传输窗口边缘 ,其谱线的大气传输性能差异很大 ,证实了 2 0P4是氟化氢泛频选频的首选谱线     

基于MATLABGUI的大学物理交互式演示实验动画设计

研究了利用MATLAB的GUI功能开发大学物理交互式实验动画演示软件设计问题。     

高功率固体激光驱动器能源系统线路结构优化实验研究

 高功率固体激光驱动器能源系统主要为闪光灯提供脉冲能量。在对能源系统的研究中,通过采用具有预电离技术的电容器一端接地的电路结构,选用新品低损耗电缆及其它措施,有效地抑制了电磁干扰和地电位抬高,提高了电路的能量转换效率,从而满足了惯性约束聚变驱动器对能源系统的要求。尤其加预电离后,闪光灯放电电流波形发生变形有利于提高放大器效率的变化。     

Field-portable ratiometric fluorescence imaging of dual-color label-free carbon dots for uranyl ions detection with cellphone-based optical platform

Under the public spotlight, uranyl (UO₂²⁺) ions has attracted considerable attention for the extreme radioactive and chemical toxicity to ourselves and our environment. Herein, we present a simple and effective ratiometric fluorescence imaging method for the visualizing and quantitative detection UO₂²⁺ ions by cellphone-based optical platform. The sensing solution was prepared by mixing label-free red carbon dots (r-CDs) and blue carbon dots (b-CDs) together with a fixed photoluminescence intensity ratio of 4:1. When UO₂²⁺ ions were added, the fluorescence of r-CDs can be selectively quenched, while the fluorescence of b-CDs remains stable without spectral changes. With the gradually increase the amounts of UO₂²⁺ ions, the different response of dual-color CDs resulted in a signification color evolution from deep red to dark purple under the ultraviolet (UV) light illumination. Then, a cellphone-based optical platform was constructed for directly imaging the color change of the samples, and the built-in Colorpicker APP quickly output the red, green and blue (RGB) channel values of these images within one second. Interesting, there was a linear relationship between the ratio of red and blue (R/B) channel values and UO₂²⁺ ions concentration from 0 μmol/L to 30.0 μmol/L (R² = 0.92804) with the detection limit of ~8.15 μmol/L (signal-to-noise ratio of 3). In addition, the optical platform has also been applied to the quantification of UO₂²⁺ ions in tap water and river water sample. With the advantage of low-cost, portable, easy to operation, we anticipate that this method would greatly improve the accessibility of UO₂²⁺ ions detection even in resource-limited areas.     

Methanol facilitated synthesis of 7-methoxy-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3-diazepin-4(7H)-ones from nitroallylic acetates and thiourea

A novel efficient strategy for the synthesis of rare 7-methoxy-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3-diazepin-4(7H)-ones is described. Methanol, solvent for this one-step reaction, participated in this seven-membered ring closure reaction between nitroallylic acetates and thiourea. The thiourea itself also served as a base in this reaction. A possible mechanism for the reaction is proposed.     

Binding studies of costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone with HSA by spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy

Human serum albumin (HSA), a major plasma protein and plasma-derived therapeutic, interacts with a wide variety of drugs and native plasma metabolites. In this study the interactions of costunolide (CE) and dehydrocostuslactone (DE) with HSA were investigated by molecule modeling, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and different optical techniques. In the mechanism discussion, it was proved that fluorescence quenching of HSA by both of the drugs is a result of the formation of drug-HSA complexes. Binding parameters for the reactions were determined according to the Stern-Volmer equation and static quenching. The results of thermodynamic parameters ΔG⁰, ΔH⁰, and ΔS⁰ at different temperatures indicated that hydrogen bonding interactions play a major role in the drug-HSA associations process. The binding properties were further studied by quantitative analysis of CD, FTIR, and Raman spectra. Furthermore, AFM results showed that the dimension of HSA molecules became more swollen after binding with the drugs.