全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4371篇 |
免费 | 456篇 |
国内免费 | 457篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3353篇 |
晶体学 | 77篇 |
力学 | 160篇 |
综合类 | 30篇 |
数学 | 483篇 |
物理学 | 1181篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 65篇 |
2022年 | 154篇 |
2021年 | 170篇 |
2020年 | 168篇 |
2019年 | 192篇 |
2018年 | 164篇 |
2017年 | 166篇 |
2016年 | 236篇 |
2015年 | 241篇 |
2014年 | 270篇 |
2013年 | 375篇 |
2012年 | 415篇 |
2011年 | 442篇 |
2010年 | 301篇 |
2009年 | 300篇 |
2008年 | 318篇 |
2007年 | 264篇 |
2006年 | 174篇 |
2005年 | 159篇 |
2004年 | 133篇 |
2003年 | 83篇 |
2002年 | 75篇 |
2001年 | 41篇 |
2000年 | 44篇 |
1999年 | 29篇 |
1998年 | 26篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1996年 | 21篇 |
1995年 | 17篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 12篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
1956年 | 5篇 |
1954年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有5284条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
James W. Pavlik Theppawut Israsena Na Ayudhaya Chennagiri R. Pandit Supawan Tantayanon 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2004,41(1):61-67
Trifluromethyl substitution on the pyrazole ring was found to enhance photoreactivity via the P4 pathway which involves interchange of the N2‐C3 ring atoms. Thus, 1‐methyl‐3‐(trifluromethyl)pyrazole (1) and 1‐methyl‐5‐(trifluromethyl)pyrazole (3) transposed with a P4/P6 or P4/P6+P7 ratio of 2.1:1. 1‐methyl‐4‐(trifluromethyl)pyrazole (2) transposed regiospecifically by the P4 transposition pathway. Compounds 2 and 3 were also observed to undergo photocleavage to yield enaminonitrile and enaminoisocyanide products. 相似文献
12.
Based on the complexation between proteins and Cu(II) coupled with the time-resolved chemiluminescence (CL) technique, a highly sensitive and quantitative assay for measuring proteins in solution is described. The complexes of proteins with Cu(II) have a strongly catalytic effect on the luminol-H2O2 CL reaction. Because the CL emission produced by the complexes is much more long-lived than that by Cu(II), the CL signals originating from proteins can be easily identified and measured with a time-resolved technique. On this basis, bovine albumin fraction V (BAF V) can be quantitatively determined in the range of 0.01 - 5.0 microg/ml with a detection limit of 5.8 ng/ml. The results show that the proposed assay exhibits a small variation in the response values for the same amount of different proteins, as compared to the Lowry as well as Bradford assays. The CL assay has also been studied for the detection of immobilized proteins. 相似文献
13.
N- aryl substituted benzenesulfamides are often used as heating-sensitive recording material1, thermal printing material2, sensitizer3 and developer4. Moreover, some of the benzenesulfamides have antifungal activities5. Many methods have been described for preparation of sulfamides. They are used to carry out in solvent8 or in solid phase condition9. These methods required solvent or solid support and even required heating or cooling. At the same time, the process of these methods is complex. Now we have developed a new method to prepare N-aryl substituted toluenesulfamides under solvent-free conditions.In recent years, solvent-free technology has gained popularity in organic synthesis. For instance,solidstate reaction and microwave reaction have received considerable attention. Solvent-free synthesis of amides has been reported10-11. This technology has many advantages such as high efficiency and selectivity, easy separation and environmental acceptability. All these merits are in accord with green chemistry's requirements of energy-saving, high efficiency and environmental benefits.In our paper, we used a simple and efficient method for preparing N-aryl substituted toluenesulfamides under solvent-free conditions, as a replacement for classic solvent, which gives many environmental benefits.All reactions were completed at room temperature by co-grinding in an agate mortar for 3-20min and the results are shown in Table 1.In conclusion, we have developed an efficient and convenient method of preparation N-aryl substituted toluenesulfamides in high yields. It symbols an improvement for synthesis of benzenesulfamides. 相似文献
14.
V.I. Fernández A. Iucci C.M. Naón 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2002,30(1):53-56
We present an extension of the Tomonaga-Luttinger model in which left and right-moving particles have different Fermi velocities.
We derive expressions for one-particle Green's functions, momentum-distributions, density of states, charge compressibility
and conductivity as functions of both the velocity difference ε and the strength of the interaction β. This allows us to identify
a novel restricted region in the parameter space in which the system keeps the main features of a Luttinger liquid but with
an unusual behavior of the density of states and the static charge compressibility κ. In particular κ diverges on the boundary
of the restricted region, indicating the occurrence of a phase transition.
Received 20 May 2002 / Received in final form 23 August 2002 Published online 19 November 2002 相似文献
15.
Jiguo Yu Qiuju Bian Guizhen Liu Na Wang 《Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing》2007,25(1-2):283-291
A simple graphG is said to be fractionaln-factor-critical if after deleting anyn vertices the remaining subgraph still has a fractional perfect matching. For fractionaln-factor-criticality, in this paper, one necessary and sufficient condition, and three sufficient conditions related to maximum matching, complete closure are given. 相似文献
16.
利用紫外分光光度法测定了邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 (DBP)、雌二醇 (E2 )与血清组分 3种物质间两两结合的二元体系和三元体系结合常数。结果表明 ,DBP、血清组分和 E2 三者之间能两两结合 ,其中以 E2 与血清组分的结合能力最强。当三者处于同一体系中 ,随着 DBP浓度的增加 ,E2 与血清组分 - DBP二元体系间的结合常数也逐渐增加 ,其最大值高出正常 E2 与血清组分结合常数 (7.5 4× 10 4mol-1· L )近一个数量级。这表明 ,DBP的存在可能不会与 E2 对血清组分进行竞争结合 ,但由于本身的结合特点 ,会减少血液中游离E2 的含量 ,从而影响细胞内雌激素的平衡 相似文献
17.
The influence of hydrogen bonds on the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen bonding fluid system of A a D d type is investigated from two viewpoints by the principle of statistical mechanics. In detail, we proposed two new ways that can be used to obtain the equilibrium size distribution of the hydrogen bonding clusters, and derived the analytical expression of a relationship between the hydrogen bonding free energy and hydrogen bonding degree. For the nonlinear hydrogen bonding systems, it is shown that the sol-gel phase transition can take place under proper conditions, which is further proven to be a kind of geometrical phase transition rather than a thermodynamic one. Moreover, several problems associated with the geometrical phase transition and liquid-solid phase transition in nonlinear hydrogen bonding systems are discussed. 相似文献
18.
In this paper, the structure of cubic CaTiO3 (001) surfaces with CaO and TiO2 terminations has been studied from density functional calculations. It has been found that the Ca atom has the largest relaxation for both kinds of terminations, and the rumpling of the CaO-terminated surface is much larger than that of TiO2-terminated surface. Also we have found that the metal atom relaxes much more prominently than the O atom does in each layer. The CaO-terminated surface is slightly more energetically favourahle than the TiO2-terminated surface from the analysis of the calculated surface energy. 相似文献
19.
20.
纬向对称准地转流的非线性稳定性定理 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
建立了周期域上准地转流在一般的边界条件下对应于Arnold第二定理的非线性稳定性定理。将扰动能量与扰动拟能的上界用初始扰动场的显示表示出来,从而建立了Liapunov意义下的非线性稳定性定理。 相似文献