Determination of the effect of Quercetinon oxidant- antioxidant parameters in the blood and liver tissues of rats given sodium fluoride experimentally

AimThe purpose of the study is to research the effect of quercetin, which has a good antioxidant characteristic in rats exposed to sodium fluoride (NaF) toxication, on oxidant and antioxidant activity in liver tissue and erythrocyte.Material and method40 Swiss albino male rats with a weight of approximately 20–25 gr were used in the study. The rats were separated into 4 equal groups (n = 10). The first group, the control group, was given normal drinking water; the second group was given 12 mg/kg/day NaF; the third group was given 40 mg/kg/day quercetin; the fourth group was given 12 mg/kg/day NaF+40 mg/kg/day quercetin orally for 30 days. As a result of the experiment, plasma AST and ALT activities were found. Total oxidant capacity (TOC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) analyses were made in liver tissue and erythrocyte hemogenisate. Histopathological analyses of the liver tissue were conducted.ResultsNo changes were found in plasma ALT activities between groups. Increases were found in AST activity of all groups. While erythrocyte TAC level was found to increase in fluorine and fluorine + quercetin group when compared with the control group, erythrocyte TOC level was found to increase in all groups when compared with the control group. No significant change was found in TOC and TAC levels in the liver tissue. In liver tissue histopathology, while hydropic degeneration and cellular necrosis were found in vena centralis area in fluorine group, hydropic degeneration was found in heptocytes in centrilobular area in the quercetin group. In the fourth group, hydropic degeneration and centrilobular necrosis were more severe. It was found that in rats which are given NaF experimentally, fluorine and quercetin caused histopathological degenerations in the liver tissue during this time.ConclusionWhile no changes were found in TOC and TAC levels of liver tissue, antioxidant capacity was found to be stimulated in fluorine groups in erythrocyte.     

Fatty Acid Composition of the Seeds of Vicia faba var. major Genotypes from Turkey

Chemistry of Natural Compounds -     

Low temperature deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles via zinc-rich vapor phase transport and condensation

ZnO nanoparticles as small as 80 nm were successfully synthesized using a modified vapor phase transport (VPT) process at substrate temperatures as low as 222 °C. Particle size distribution and morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction indicate the synthesis of high quality crystalline ZnO structures. Low temperature (4.2 K) photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy was used to characterize the optical quality of the nanoparticles. Ultraviolet emission and a nanostructure specific feature at 3.366 eV are strong in the PL spectra. The 3.366 eV feature is observed to predominate the spectrum with decrease in particle size. This size effect corroborates the luminescence as a nanostructure-specific surface related exciton feature as previously speculated in the literature. In addition, self-assembled ZnO mesoparticles (>100 nm) were realized by increasing the growth time. Low growth temperatures of the particles allow for their potential utilization in flexible organic hybrid optoelectronics. However, this work focuses mainly on the modified synthesis and optical characterization of nanoparticles.     

A Rigid Dinuclear Ruthenium(II) Complex as an Efficient Photoactive Agent for Bridging Two Guanine Bases of a Duplex or Quadruplex Oligonucleotide

The rigid dinuclear [(tap)₂Ru(tpac)Ru(tap)₂]⁴⁺ complex ( 1 ) (TAP=1,4,5,8‐tetraazaphenanthrene, TPAC=tetrapyridoacridine) is shown to be much more efficient than the mononuclear bis‐TAP complexes at photodamaging oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) containing guanine (G). This is particularly striking with the G‐rich telomeric sequence d(T₂AG₃)₄. Complex 1 , which interacts strongly with the ODNs as determined by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and emission anisotropy experiments, gives rise under illumination to the formation of covalent adducts with the G units of the ODNs. The yield of photocrosslinking of the two strands of duplexes by 1 is the highest when the G bases of each strand are separated by three to four base pairs. This corresponds with each Ru(tap)₂ moiety of complex 1 forming an adduct with the G base. This separation distance of the G units of a duplex could be determined thanks to the rigidity of complex 1 . On the basis of results of gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and molecular modelling, it is suggested that such photocrosslinking can also occur intramolecularly in the human telomeric quadruplex d(T₂AG₃)₄.