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11.
Two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis has been used to follow changes in cell type specific and organelle localized polypeptides upon exposure of etiolated sorghum shoots and dark-grown resting Euglena to light. Total protein extracted from isolated bundle sheath strands and mesophyll protoplasts was resolved by 2-D gel electrophoresis. The cell type specific polypeptides were localized on the whole shoot 2-D gel map in order to determine changes in the levels of these polypeptides upon light exposure. An image analyzer was used to analyze fluorographs of 2-D gels of total Euglena protein pulse-labeled with [35S]sulfate in the dark, immediately upon light exposure and 1, 4, 14, 24, 48 and 72 h after light exposure. The subset of polypeptides whose relative rate of synthesis changes more than threefold immediately upon light exposure was identified. The different patterns of changes in the rate of synthesis of this subset of polypeptides were followed. 相似文献
12.
Collective and self-diffusion coefficients in an ionic critical mixture: 3-methylpyridine+water+NaBr
The dynamics of concentration fluctuations of three critical samples of the 3-methylpyridine (3MP)+water+NaBr system have been measured by photon correlation spectroscopy. The collective-diffusion coefficient D shows the usual Ising behavior near the critical temperature T(c). However, as |T-T(c)| increases, the dynamic correlation length calculated from D, xi, takes values higher than the correlation length of the critical fluctuations calculated from static light scattering, xi(s). At the largest |T-T(c)| measured, xi approaches the value, xi(0,d) approximately equal to 1.13 nm, while the amplitude of xi(s) is xi(0,s)=0.38 nm. Pulsed-gradient NMR spectroscopy points out the existence of two dynamic contributions. One of them is consistent with the existence of molecular entities of hydrodynamic radius 0.31 nm, while the other one indicates the existence of aggregates rich in 3MP of radius 1.16 nm. The existence of the aggregates may explain the apparent anomalous behavior of the dynamic light scattering experiments for this system far from the critical point. 相似文献
13.
We analyze the properties of theq-state ferromagnetic Potts model for realq. The nature of the phase transition at the critical point is first-order forq2, and second-order forq=2. The random-bond percolation limitq1, and its second-order-like transition, are not related to the previous behaviour since they arise from non-stable phases of the system. It is suggested that this property characterizes the model on high-dimensional lattices, too.Supported by MPI and CNR 相似文献
14.
Kwong-Kit Choi Carlos Monroy Venkataraman Swaminathan Theodor Tamir Ming Leung John Devitt David Forrai Darrel Endres 《Infrared Physics & Technology》2007,50(2-3):124-135
Previously, we demonstrated a large format 1024 × 1024 corrugated quantum well infrared photodetector focal plane array (C-QWIP FPA). The FPA has a cutoff at 8.6 μm and is BLIP at 76 K with f/1.8 optics. The pixel had a shallow trapezoidal geometry that simplified processing but limited the quantum efficiency QE. In this paper, we will present two approaches to achieve a larger QE for the C-QWIPs. The first approach increases the size of the corrugations for more active volume and adopts a nearly triangular pixel geometry for larger light reflecting surfaces. With these improvements, QE is predicted to be about 35% for a pair of inclined sidewalls, which is more than twice the previous value. The second approach is to use Fabry–Perot resonant oscillations inside the corrugated cavities to enhance the vertical electric field strength. With this approach, a larger QE of 50% can be achieved within certain spectral regions without using either very thick active layers or anti-reflection coatings. The former approach has been adopted to produce two FPAs, and the preliminary experimental results will be discussed. In this paper, we also describe using voltage tunable detector materials to achieve multi-color capability for these FPAs. 相似文献
15.
Muñoz MG Encinar M Bonales LJ Ortega F Monroy F Rubio RG 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(10):4694-4699
The dynamics of the liquid-air interface of aqueous solutions of a tensioactive triblock copolymer (Pluronic F-68) has been studied using surface quasielastic light scattering over a broad range of concentrations and temperatures. Ancillary surface tension and bulk rheometry data have been obtained for the same system. The results show that the classical theoretical spectrum for monolayers on a Newtonian fluid can be applied only for concentrations below 4.10(-2) mM. For concentrations above c = 14 mM a clear peak centered at zero frequency appears in the spectrum. This feature is incompatible with the classical theoretical spectrum. The SQELS spectra have been described in terms of the theory of Wang and Huang [Wang, C. H.; Huang, Q. R. J. Chem. Phys. 1997, 107, 5898] considering that the loss modulus of the concentrated solutions shows the existence of two relaxation modes even at low frequencies. The theory is able to explain the existence of a peak centered at zero frequency in the spectra, and the theoretical spectra point out the existence of an elastic peak together with the capillary one. There is a reasonable agreement between the relaxation times and the product Gtau obtained from the fits of the SQELS spectra to the theory of Wang and Huang and those obtained from bulk rheology. 相似文献
16.
The topic of the gel transition in two dimensions is revisited by considering data on the shear elasticity of Langmuir monolayers
of different spherical objects. Amorphous freezing can be associated to structural percolation in a lattice able to resist
shear stresses. The shear modulus and its dependence on the packing fraction are found to strongly depend on the details of
the interaction potential and largely differ from expectations for entropic networks. This behaviour can be interpreted in
terms of more elaborated percolation theories including central forces and bond-bending forces. 相似文献
17.
In this paper, the extension of simple games to the vector case is proposed. Games with multiple qualitative criteria and multi-criteria simple games are introduced as a natural tool for modelling voting systems and related social-choice situations. After formally defining these games, the special class of monotonic multi-criteria simple games is characterized. We show that these games enable the formulation and analysis of several collective decision models proposed in the literature. Furthermore, our model can be applied to group-decision problems which cannot be analyzed in the existing frameworks. 相似文献
18.
We propose an approach to generate ultrawideband (UWB) pulses with tunable high-speed modulation based on pulse compression. Flexible generation of up to a record 5?Gbits/s on-off keying impulse radio UWB signals are successfully demonstrated as well. We also investigate 5?Gbits/s on-off keying bit-error-rate (BER) performance after 40?km single mode fiber transmission by employing a digital signal processing receiver, and the BER below forward error correction limit is achieved. 相似文献
19.
G.?García-RosalesEmail author E.?Ordo?ez-Regil J.?J.?Ramírez Torres J.?López Monroy M.?L.?Machain-Castillo L.?C.?Longoria-Gándara 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2011,289(2):407-415
This study deals with the characterization of a marine sediments profile from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Ten sediment
samples obtained from a core of 18.3 m of length were analysed. Although there have been numerous marine sediments studies
carried out in Mexico, more are needed to better understand the sea floor formation. Crystallographic, morphologic, physical,
chemical and gamma ray activity analysis were carried out on the samples. The analysis results showed a decrease in organic
matter content as a function of sea depth; this value is related to the specific surface area. Some hazardous materials as
Cr, Mn, Ni, Sr and Hg were also identified by PIXE in some samples, probably due to anthropogenic activity. The presence of
uranium a naturally occurring element was found in all the samples, suggesting a migration through all materials of strata,
radioactive elements such as 226Ra, 235U, 212Pb, 214Pb, 228Ac, 208Ti, 214Bi, 228Ac and 40K were detected. 相似文献
20.
为了满足瞬态光学系统对瞬时显像技术的要求,提出了一种基于钙钛矿纳米晶随机激射的瞬时发光方法.从CsPbBr3纳米晶薄膜的制备与表征出发,分析了该类有源薄膜的制备方法与手段.结合应用需要,设计了以微通道板为核心的电子束泵浦结构,并通过实验验证了CsPbBr3纳米晶薄膜在电子束泵浦下的激射效果,分析了其激射原理与物理现象.最后通过瞬时光泵浦的方法验证了CsPbBr3纳米晶薄膜的瞬时优势.该新型显像薄膜的瞬时探测系统中,不但具有较好的瞬态特性与时间分辨率,而且还可以利用电子束泵浦诱发激射来形成第二级的光放大,进而提升器件的整体探测能力. 相似文献