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101.
Mohammad Ali Zolfigol Peyman Salehi Arash Ghorbani-Choghamarani Maliheh Safaiee Mozhgan Shahamirian 《合成通讯》2013,43(11):1817-1823
Silica chromate easily converts 1,4‐dihydropyridines to their corresponding pyridines in the presence of NaHSO4 · H2O and wet SiO2 in dichloromethane at room temperature in good to excellent yields. 相似文献
102.
Under ultrasound irradiation and in the presence of H2O/Et2NH, ethyl cyanoacetate or malononitrile can combine with α-methylene carbonyl compounds and elemental sulfur to efficiently yield 2-aminothiophene derivatives within a few minutes. Products are easily obtained by simple filtration because of their spontaneous precipitation in the reaction mixtures. 相似文献
103.
An ecofriendly and efficient microwave-irradiated solvent-free benzoylation method was developed. The procedure for C-benzoylation used 50 mol% AlCl3 as a Lewis acid catalyst at 130 °C and was completed in 10 min. The isolated yield was between 71% and 100%. N-benzoylation was conducted in a catalyst-free environment at 130 °C in 10 min. The isolated yield was between 80% and 100%.
104.
Rahman Hosseinzadeh Mahmood Tajbakhsh Maryam Mohadjerani Parizad Rezaei Mohammad Alikarami 《合成通讯》2013,43(17):3023-3031
An efficient synthesis of diaryl ethers by the copper-catalyzed arylation of phenols with a variety of aryl iodide susing KF/Al2O3 as a suitable base and CuI and 1,3 diphenyl-1,3 propandione as the catalyst is described. 相似文献
105.
A combination of molybdatophosphoric acid and NaNO2 in the presence of wet SiO2 was used as an effective oxidizing agent for the oxidation of 1,2‐dihydroquinolines to their corresponding quinoline derivatives in dichlomethane at room temperature with excellent yields. 相似文献
106.
The reaction of 2-amino-1-(2-propynyl)pyridinium bromide with various iodobenzenes, catalyzed by Pd-Cu, in the presence of sodium lauryl sulfate as the surfactant and cesium carbonate as the base, in water, leads to the formation of 2-substituted imidazo[1,2-α]pyridines. 相似文献
107.
The effect of nano-reinforcements on fracture behaviour of bulk epoxy nanocomposites and mode-I interlaminar fracture toughness of filament-wound basalt fibre-reinforced laminates was studied. Fracture energy of the bulk epoxy nanocomposites significantly increased with acrylic tri-block-copolymer addition but remained unchanged with incorporation of nanoclay. Delamination fracture toughness was not influenced by the presence of nanoparticles in the matrix. Decreasing fibre volume fraction, on the other hand, significantly improved interlaminar fracture energy. Rigid fibres in these composites constrict the stress field ahead of the crack-tip. Hence, increasing resin content enhanced composite delamination energy by increasing the capacity for matrix deformation. Interlaminar crack propagation through the composite was observed to occur mainly by interfacial failure and matrix cracking. 相似文献
108.
Vahid Samavati Mohammad Amin Mohammadifar 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(12):1635-1645
The physical and rheological properties of oil in water model emulsion systems containing Iranian tragacanth gum (TG) (0.5, 1 g/100 ml emulsions), whey protein isolate (WPI) (2, 4 g/100 ml emulsions), and oleic acid (5, 10 ml/100 ml emulsions) were investigated for droplet-size distribution, creaming index, and rheological properties of emulsions. The shear-thinning behavior of all dispersions was modeled using power law, Cross, and Ellis models. The power law model described the flow behavior of dispersions for its lowest standard error (0.29) and highest determination coefficient (R2) (0.99). Rheological investigation showed that both loss (G″) and storage (G′) modules increased as gum and oil content increased. Delta degree was 0.1 and increased as frequency increased, indicating that liquid-like viscose behavior dominated solid-like elastic behavior. Droplet-size distribution was measured by light scattering and microscopic observations revealed a flocculated system. Gum, WPI, and oil contents decreased the emulsion creaming index with gum concentration having the greatest effect. 相似文献
109.
110.
Ibrahim Kayali Mohammad Karaein Khawla Qamhieh Salam Wadaah Wisam Ahmad Ulf Olsson 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(1):10-17
Bicontinuous and water-in-diesel microemulsions were formulated using single nonionic alkyl poly glycol ethers combined with hydrophilic alcohol ethoxylates. The phase behavior at temperatures ranging from 0°C to 50°C was investigated. Visual inspection as well as cross-polarizers were used to detect anisotropy. The fish phase diagrams were determined. The presence of the hydrophilic alcohol ethoxylates was necessary to initiate both types of microemulsions. Increasing the hydrophobic chain length of the surfactant led to a wider range of temperature stability at lower surfactant concentration. Meanwhile, increasing the ethylene oxide units in the headgroup by two units led to a phase diagram that is dominated by lyotropic liquid crystal. The formulated water in diesel microemulsions were tested experimentally in a 4-cylinder diesel engine. From this it is observed that the emissions of NOx, soot, and CO2 were reduced substantially compared to neat diesel, while for the CO the reduction occurs just at low load. 相似文献