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221.
The antitumor activity of (1----3)-beta-D-glucans was tested in order to clarify its conformation-dependent response together with conformational elucidation by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) spectroscopy. It was shown that the following three conformations, single chain, single helix and triple helix, are readily distinguished by the high-resolution solid-state 13C-NMR method. It turned out that preparations of linear (1----3)-beta-D-glucans of a triple helical conformation were ineffective in the inhibition of tumor growth. These linear (1----3)-beta-D-glucans were converted to an effective form in the inhibition of tumor growth when they were lyophilized from dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions as a result of a conformational change from the triple helical to the single chain forms. They were not effective, however, when assayed in DMSO solution. In contrast, it was found that a branched (1----3)-beta-D-glucan is effective not only in either saline solutions of the triple helical sample or the lyophilized sample from DMSO, but also in DMSO solution. The aforementioned drastic change in antitumor activity was interpreted in terms of resulting conformational changes as analyzed by the 13C-NMR method. 相似文献
222.
Tritium exchange at C-8 of xanthosine, theobromine, 1-, 3- and 7-methylxanthine in water has been studied. The rates of detritiation of these compounds have been determined over a pH range at constant temperature. Several mechanisms of exchange involving various ionic forms of substrate operating at different pH have been suggested. 相似文献
223.
H. R. Eschnauer F. Alt J. Messerschmidt G. T?lg 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1989,332(8):874-879
Summary Little is known about selenium contents in alcoholic beverages, especially in wine, because no reliable determination method was available so far. A procedure for the detection of selenium in the pg- and low ng-range was developed, which uses the hydride-generation-condensation-AAS (HGC-AAS). Selenium contents in 103 German wines of the year vintages 1950 until 1985 were determined. In mean they range between 0.29 and 0.79 g/l Se and show a certain dependence from the geological soil formation and the wine species. Corresponding vineyard soils from Ingelheim (Rheinhessen, FRG) contain 0.18–0.44 mg/kg Se, mean 0.24 mg/kg Se, 10% of it is available for plants. The distribution of selenium in grape berries shows selenium-rich seeds and — with red wine species — selenium-rich skins. Higher selenium contents by contamination were observed near an industrial location. The behaviour of selenium in the vegetation cycle is pursued. The selenium depletion during fermentation may amount to 60%. All results are summarized in the so-called trace element vinogram. Selenium hence is a regular and natural constituent part of wine.
Herrn Prof. Dr. R. Neeb zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet 相似文献
Herrn Prof. Dr. R. Neeb zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet 相似文献
224.
Makoto?OhtsukaEmail author Christina?Wedel Kimio?Itagaki 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2005,136(11):1909-1914
Summary. Isothermal sections of the Ni–Mn–Ga ternary phase diagram at 1073 and 1273 K were investigated over a wide range of alloy
compositions. The range of the β-Ni2MnGa phase, its equilibria with the γ-(Mn, Ni), α′-Ni3Ga, and γ-Ni3Ga2 phases, and the liquidus and solidus lines were determined experimentally. The aging effect on the shape memory effect (SME)
of Ni2MnGa sputtered films was also investigated. The two-way SME of the constraint-aged films was confirmed by the temperature
change. 相似文献
225.
The magneto-structural correlation between a Mn(ll) ion, coordinated in an octahedral environment, and two nitronyl nitroxide
radical ligands in trans- and cis-metal-radical complexes is investigated by the broken symmetry (BS) approach within density functional theory (DFT).
The dependences of coupling constants J on three structural parameters: (i) bond angle θ (Mn-O-N (nitroxide)); (ii) rotating angle ψ, defined by the nitronyl nitroxide radical plane rotating around the axial Mn-O (nitroxide); (iii) bond distance R (Mn-O (nitroxide)) are directly calculated. Our calculations showed that both trans- and cis-Mn(ll)-radical complexes behave a stronger antiferromagnetic interaction, consistent with experiments. In view of
molecular orbital theory, the direct exchanges, including σ-type and π-type exchanges, are responsible for the magnetic exchange
pathways. There is a preferable linear correlation between the calculated coupling constants J and the overlap integral squares S b between the local magnetic orbitals at the various rotating angle ψ at the fixed bond angle θ and bond distance R, in both trans- and cis-Mn(ll)-radical complexes. 相似文献
226.
The refined theory of the electroviscous lift forces is presented for the case when the separation distance between the particle and the wall is larger than the double-layer thickness. The theory is based on the lubrication approximation for motion of a long cylinder near a solid wall in creeping flow. The approximate analytical formula for the lift force valid for Pe=1 is derived and compared with the results of numerical calculations performed for an arbitrary Peclet number. The resulting electrokinetic lift force exceeds by several orders of magnitude one predicted by the previously developed theories of the lift force. The results for the electroviscous drag force indicate that when the double layer is thin compared with the particle size, the electroviscous drag is only a small correction (at most 10%) to the hydrodynamic drag force acting on a neutral particle moving near the wall. Copyright 2000 Academic Press. 相似文献
227.
A simplified high-pressure liquid chromatograhic method for determination of furosemide in plasma and urine has been developed using a fluorometric detector directly coupled to the column effluent. The method includes an ether extraction from acidified biologic samples. The mobile phase used for chromatography on a reversed-phase column (C15 hydrocarbon permanently bonded to silica particles) is sufficiently acidic to induce fluorescence of furosemide. The methylester of furosemide is employed as an internal standard. The sensitivity is 0.1 and 0.25 microgram per ml plasma and urine, respectively. The applicability to pharmacokinetic studies of furosemide is shown. 相似文献
228.
229.
Classifying wine according to geographical origin via quadrupole-based ICP–mass spectrometry measurements of boron isotope ratios 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The potential of quadrupole-based ICP–MS as a tool for B-isotopic analysis of wines and its usefulness in provenance determinations
were assessed. A precision of 0.1–0.25% RSD (corresponding to a relative standard deviation of the mean of three replicate
measurements of 0.06–0.12%) was sufficient to establish small differences in the B isotope ratios in wines from different
geographical origins. Each sample measurement was bracketed by measurements of a standard and mass bias drift correction made
by interpolation. Sample preparation was kept to a minimum to avoid possible fractionation. Dilution of the wine samples by
a factor of 100 with 0.65% HNO3 was found to reduce matrix-induced mass discrimination substantially. Wines from three wine-producing regions, Stellenbosch,
Robertson, and Swartland, in the Western Cape Province of South Africa, and wines from specific regions in France (Bergerac)
and Italy (Valpolicella) were analyzed by ICP–QMS for their B-isotopic compositions. It was concluded that the 11B/10B ratios can be used to characterize wines from different geographical origins. Average 11B/10B ratios in red wines from South Africa (Stellenbosch), France (Bergerac), and Italy (Valpolicella) were found to differ by
between 0.5 and 1.5%. 相似文献
230.
Carnitine in Pregnancy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alfred?LohningerEmail author H.?Karlic S.?Lohninger A.?Tammaa S.?Jinniate Hermann?Mascher Daniel?Mascher H.?Salzer 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2005,136(8):1523-1533
Summary. By the 12th week of gestation, mean whole blood and plasma carnitine levels are already significantly (p<0.01) lower than those of controls, with a further significant (p<0.01) decrease up to parturition. Diminished carnitine levels may cause a downregulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase1 (CPT1), both the liver isoform (CPT1A) and muscle isoform (CPT1B), carnitine palmitoyltransferase2 (CPT2), and carnitine acetyltransferase (CRAT) in white blood cells of pregnant women, as determined by real time PCR using the LightCyclerSYBR Green technology.L-Carnitine-L-tartrate supplementation of 2 g/d resulted in an up to 10-fold increase of the relative mRNA abundances of CPT1B, CPT2, and OCTN2 and a 5-fold increase of CPT1A, and CRAT.There is a relationship between the relative mRNA levels of CPT1A and CPT1B and the FFA plasma levels. The substitution of 2 g L-carnitine-L-tartrate/d resulted in significant (p<0.001) lower FFA levels compared to untreated controls and the groups substituted with 0.5 and 1 g L-carnitine/d although plasma carnitine levels were not significantly increased. The most substantial effect was the reduced portion of acylcarnitines on total carnitine in those women receiving 2 g L-carnitine-L-tartrate.Carnitine substitution resulted in an enhanced excretion of both, free carnitine and acylcarnitines, whereas acetylcarnitine accounts for 50–65% of total acylcarnitines.The results of the present study provide evidence that L-carnitine supplementation in pregnancy in sufficient doses avoids a striking increase of plasma FFAs, which are thought to be the main cause of insulin resistance and consequently gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). 相似文献