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121.
[reaction: see text] The arylative cyclization of allenyl-aldehydes with aryl iodides and hexa-n-butyldistannane to form substituted cyclopentanols and cyclohexanols by tandem palladium-catalyzed carbostannylation and allylation was achieved under mild conditions. 相似文献
122.
Photonic crystal fiber coupler 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Fiber couplers made with photonic crystal fibers (PCF) are reported. Two types of PCF were fabricated by means of stacking a group of silica tubes around a silica rod and drawing them. The fiber couplers were made by use of the fused biconical tapered method. With a fiber that had five hexagonally stacked layers of air holes, a 33/67 coupling ratio was obtained, and with a one-layer four-hole fiber, a 48/52 coupling ratio was obtained. The fabrication processes and the characteristics of the PCFs and the PCF couplers are presented. 相似文献
123.
A curtain-type airbag is a safety device designed to protect passengers from the side collisions of a car. The curtain-type
airbag system consists of an inflator, a fill-hose, and a curtain-airbag. The fill-hose is a passageway and distributor of
the exploded gases from the inflator to the airbag through vent-holes. Although the design of vent-holes is important for
proper deployment of the airbag, it is very difficult to measure the exceedingly high speed flow issuing from the vent-holes
by using conventional measurement methods. In this study, we employed a dynamic PIV technique to measure the temporal evolution
of instantaneous velocity fields of the flow ejecting from the vent-holes. From the velocity field data measured at a frame
rate of 2000 fps, the temporal variation of the volume flux from vent-holes was also evaluated for the diagnosis of airbag
performance. The flows ejecting from the vent-holes showed high velocity fluctuations, and the maximum velocity was about
480 m/s. The instantaneous velocity fields in the initial stage showed a swaying motion of a high-speed jet. The accumulated
volume flux from the vent-holes was also compared at each vent-hole region. 相似文献
124.
Even when DNA sequencing of purified DNA template failed under the optimal condition, it can be generally contributed to high GC content. GC-rich region of template causes a secondary structure to produce shorter readable sequence. To solve this problem, the sequencing reaction was modified by using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). It was found that 5% (v/v) of DMSO in the reaction mixture recovers sequencing signal intensity with reduced frequency of ambiguous bases. When DMSO was added to sequencing reaction of DNA template with normal GC content, it did not show any adverse effect. Sequencing accuracy and unambiguous base frequency were significantly improved at concentration of 2% to 5% (v/v) DMSO in GC-rich DNA template. DMSO has been empirically introduced to enhance the efficiency of PCR in GC-rich templates. However, the underlying mechanism of improved cycle sequencing by DMSO is unknown. Thus, cycle sequencing reaction was remodified with other additives such as N-methyl imidazole, N-methyl2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyridone and glycerol, possessing the similar chemical properties as DMSO. Most of methyl nitrogen ring-containing chemicals did not improve sequencing accuracy, whereas only glycerol mimicked the positive effect of DMSO by the same extent. In the present study, we suggest that the treatment of DMSO improve cycle sequencing by the alteration of structural conformation of GC-rich DNA template. 相似文献
125.
126.
Force constants for CO2 have been calculated using SCF and CI potential surfaces. A large error for the stretch-stretch interaction force constant (K12) which occurs in the SCF calculation is significantly reduced by the Cltreatment. 相似文献
127.
128.
129.
Second harmonic generation circular dichroism (SHG CD) measurements are performed on the B4 phase of a bent-core molecular system. Numerical analysis of SHG CD incorporating magnetic-dipole as well as electric-dipole interaction shows that the B4 phase is in a twist-grain-boundary structure with the helical axis along the bent direction of the molecules. The result is extremely important in the sense that achiral molecules are spontaneously optically resolved, i.e., deracemization, the chiral domains of which give rise to huge chiral nonlinear optical effect. 相似文献
130.
We extend the classical version of Kato's inequality in order to allow functions u∈L1loc such that Δu is a Radon measure. This inequality has been recently applied by Brezis, Marcus, and Ponce to study the existence of solutions of the nonlinear equation ?Δu+g(u)=μ, where μ is a measure and is a nondecreasing continuous function. To cite this article: H. Brezis, A.C. Ponce, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 338 (2004). 相似文献