Photoluminescence of GeSi/Si(0 0 1) self-assembled islands with dome and hut shape

The photoluminescence spectra of GeSi/Si (0 0 1) self-assembled islands produced by solid source molecular beam epitaxy in a wide range (460–700°C) of growth temperatures were investigated. The results showed a blue shift of the island-related photoluminescence peak with a growth temperature lowering from 600°C to 550°C. The observed blue shift of the island photoluminescence peak is associated with a sharp decrease in the average height of the island, which occurs through a change of its shape from dome to hut as the growth temperature lowers from 600°C to 550°C.     

Perron Conditions for Uniform Exponential Expansiveness of Linear Skew-Product Flows

 We present necessary and sufficient conditions for uniform exponential expansiveness of discrete skew-product flows, in terms of uniform complete admissibility of the pair (c ₀(N, X), c ₀(N, X)). We give discrete and continuous characterizations for uniform exponential expansiveness of linear skew-product flows, using the uniform complete admissibility of the pairs (c ₀(N, X), c ₀(N, X)) and (C ₀(R ₊, X), C ₀(R ₊, X)), respectively. We generalize an expansiveness theorem due to Van Minh, R?biger and Schnaubelt, for the case of linear skew-product flows.     

Modeling,design, growth and characterization of red wavelength range microcavity emitters for plastic optic fiber applications

Resonant cavity light emitting diodes (RC-LEDs) and vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) for the red wavelength range are presented in the paper. A wide variety of simulation tools were employed in the device design and optimization and the good agreement between simulations and measurements enabled effective device development. Our red wavelength range RC-LEDs were mainly intended for short-haul communication systems based on polymethyl methacrylate plastic optical fiber and were optimized accordingly. They are achieving, under different structure and working regime variants, high output power (15 mW), high external efficiency (9.5%), record small-signal modulation bandwidth (f _-3dB up to 350 MHz), error-free back-to-back transmission rates beyond 622 Mbits/s, adjustable far-field pattern and good POF coupling efficiency with reasonably wide tolerances and without using auxiliary optics. In view of the possible use of graded-index POFs, free-space transmission and other high bandwidth or high spectral purity applications, VCSELs in the red wavelength range were also realized. They have achieved sub-milliamp room-temperature (RT) continuous-wave (CW) lasing for an 8 m diameter emission window and exhibited an external quantum efficiency of 6.65% for 10 m devices in RT CW operation. The VCSEL structures were far from optimal – not even incorporating all the RC-LED structure refinements – and significant improvement in performance characteristics are predicted for the optimized layer structure.     

A gauge model with confinement in four dimensions

It is shown that the correctly written “1/k⁴” propagator in four space-time dimensions leads to a consistent pertubative expansion of a superrenormalizable (asymptotically free) abelian gauge model. Confinement is found in any order of perturbation theory. A discussion of the physical space is sketched and the violation of asymptotic completeness is pointed out.     

Stability and robustness properties of a class of discrete–time residual generators

The aim of this paper is to present a design methodology for an observer–based fault detection filter. This approach allows to compute a filter gain such that both fault detection and disturbance attenuation requirements are accomplished. The developments are based on H_∞ optimization in the discrete–time framework. The existence conditions for the observer–based detection filter are expressed in terms of feasibility of a system of matrix inequalities. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Self-diffusiophoresis of chemically active colloids

Chemically active colloids locally change the chemical composition of their solvent via catalytic reactions which occur on parts of their surface. They achieve motility by converting the released chemical free energy into mechanical work through various mechanisms, such as phoresis. Here we discuss the theoretical aspects of self-diffusiophoresis, which – despite being one of the simplest motility mechanisms – captures many of the general features characterizing self-phoresis, such as self-generated and maintained hydrodynamic flows “driven” by surface activity induced inhomogeneities in solution. By studying simple examples, which provide physical insight, we highlight the complex phenomenology which can emerge from self-diffusiophoresis.     

Electronic Structure and Magnetic Anisotropy of an Unsaturated Cyclopentadienyl Iron(I) Complex with 15 Valence Electrons

The 15 valence-electron iron(I) complex [Cp^ArFe(IiPr₂Me₂)] ( 1 , Cp^Ar=C₅(C₆H₄-4-Et)₅; IiPr₂Me₂=1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazolin-2-ylidene) was synthesized in high yield from the Fe^II precursor [Cp^ArFe(μ-Br)]₂. ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer and EPR spectroscopic data, magnetic measurements, and ab initio ligand-field calculations indicate an S= 3/2 ground state with a large negative zero-field splitting. As a consequence, 1 features magnetic anisotropy with an effective spin-reversal barrier of U_eff=64 cm⁻¹. Moreover, 1 catalyzes the dehydrogenation of N,N-dimethylamine–borane, affording tetramethyl-1,3-diaza-2,4-diboretane under mild conditions.     

Giant magnetoimpedance in thin amorphous and nanocrystalline microwires

We present the results on Giant magneto-impedance effect (GMI) in amorphous and nanocrystalline microwires at frequencies until 4 GHz, paying special attention to tailoring the frequency and magnetic field dependence of the GMI effect. Correlation between magnetoelastic anisotropy and magnetic field dependences of diagonal and off-diagonal impedance components are observed.     

Reply to A Computational Evaluation of the Evidence for the Synthesis of 1,3‐Dimethylcyclobutadiene in Solid State and Aqueous Solution—Beyond the Experimental Reality

Following earlier reports on the photochemical synthesis of 1,3‐dimethylcyclobutadiene 8 , 10 in a protective host matrix, theoretical calculations for the formation of that adduct have been recently performed by Rzepa. 13 The author formulated criticisms based mainly on density functional theory calculations of ¹H NMR spectra. According to Rzepa the calculated spectra do not correspond with our measured spectra, which leads him to the conclusion that our interpretation is wrong, and that mainly cyclobutadiene has not been stabilized or even synthesized; we believe, however, that the initial model that Rzepa used for his calculations does not correspond to chemical reality or is at the very least a crude simplification of it, which implies that his calculations cannot match, in every point, our experimental spectra. Rzepa′s simplified models might be ‘reasonable’ from the theoretical point of view; however, in the case of assessment in the solid state, the theoretical setup does not force the system to preserve the confined stabilizing space defined by the crystalline matrix for encapsulated hosts in the solid state. Inversely, in the case of solution modeling, the theoretical setup is too rigid to properly assess the complex equilibria occurring in solution and to accurately determine the NMR spectra of exchanging species in solution. The inconsistency between our experimental results and the results of the theoretical models proposed by Rzepa is such that his conclusions are considered to be too far from experimental reality. Accurate modeling taking in account “reasonable” experimental details would be a worthwhile endeavor.