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排序方式: 共有266条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
21.
Minghui Song Kazutaka Mitsuishi Kazuo Furuya 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2005,29(3-4):575
Nanometer-sized W-dendrites are fabricated on Al2O3 substrates with an electron-beam-induced deposition process. Dependence of growth of nanodendrite on surface topography is investigated with transmission electron microscopy. It is confirmed that the nanodendrite grows on convex surfaces but not around a hole on a substrate. These are attributed to different distribution of charges on surfaces with different topographies during electron beam irradiation when charges are produced on the surface due to emission of second electrons. The charges accumulate on convex surface and do not distribute around a hole. Therefore, the nanodendrite grows on the former and not on the latter. 相似文献
22.
Yoshihiro Takebayashi Hiroyuki Hotta Atsushi Shono Katsuto Otake Kiwamu Sue Satoshi Yoda Takeshi Furuya 《Journal of solution chemistry》2009,38(5):545-555
Acid-base equilibria between 2,5-dichlorophenol (DCP) and various bases (LiOH, NaOH, and KOH) were studied in ambient to supercritical
methanol, by measuring the absorption spectrum of DCP at alkali metal hydroxide molalities ranging up to 10 mmol⋅kg−1, at temperatures up to 250 °C and a pressure of 25.0 MPa. The spectrum was deconvoluted into contributions for the acidic
(HA) and basic (A−) forms of DCP, taking into account a blue shift of the phenolate (A−) spectrum due to the effect of ion pairing with an alkali metal cation. Degrees of dissociation of DCP determined from the
spectra suggested that the dissociation constant of DCP has a maximum around 150 °C, whereas that of KOH decreases with temperature.
The phenolate-alkali metal ion pairing was examined from the peak shift of the phenolate spectrum in the presence of Li+, Na+, and K+. A smaller cation radius and higher temperature (thus a lower dielectric constant for methanol) give rise to stronger electrostatic
interaction in the ion pair. The basicities of the alkali metal hydroxides in supercritical methanol were compared using DCP
as an indicator, and were shown to follow the order LiOH < NaOH ≤ KOH. This order is the same as that for the catalytic effect
of alkali metal hydroxides on the methylation of phenol in supercritical methanol (Takebayashi et al.: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
47:704–709, 2008).
Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this article () contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
23.
The purpose of this article is to study an existence of p-bases and mainly to give some regularity criteria for semilocal rings essentially of finite type over fields. 相似文献
24.
C-F Bond Formation for the Synthesis of Aryl Fluorides 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A selection of carbon-fluorine bond-forming reactions is presented with particular focus on transition metal-mediated fluorination. A brief summary of conventional fluorination reactions is followed by a discussion of fluorination reactions mediated by palladium and silver. Investigations into the mechanism as well as the conceptual difficulty associated with transition metal-mediated carbon-fluorine bond formation are presented. 相似文献
25.
Ye J. Kojima N. Furuya K. Munakata F. Okada A. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2002,69(3):1031-1036
A micro-thermal analysis technique was applied to investigate advanced silicon nitride materials, which exhibit high thermal
conductivity. Local thermal properties in the microstructure were evaluated, and the grain boundaries were observed to have
lower thermal conductance than the Si3N4 grains. It was found that thermal conductance both in the grains and boundaries was lowered by the addition of the sintering
aid Al2O3, which is soluble in Si3N4 grains. This indicates that high thermal conductivity in silicon nitride ceramics is achieved both by grain growth, leading
to a reduction in boundary density, and by eliminating soluble elements in silicon nitride grains.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
26.
Shinichi Yano Michitaka Eiraku Makoto Tomiyama Toshiharu Sugihara 《Liquid crystals》1990,7(4):537-544
Mesogenicity of 3β, 17β-bis(4-n-alkoxybenzoyloxy) androstene homologues (BABA) (carbon No. of alkoxy group, n, = 1-10) were studied by use of D.S.C. and a polarized microscopy. It was found that the n = 4-10 compounds of BABA have one cholesteric mesophase with high thermal stability enantiotropically, and that the n = 1-3 compounds decompose just above the melting point. Mesogenicities of BABA and several testosterone and estrone derivatives were also discussed from the perspective of chemical structure and shape. The presence of an intramolecular long-range dipole coupling in two alkoxybenzoyloxy chromophores is found in BABA from CD spectral studies. 相似文献
27.
28.
Hiraoka K Ninomiya S Chen LC Iwama T Mandal MK Suzuki H Ariyada O Furuya H Takekawa K 《The Analyst》2011,136(6):1210-1215
This paper deals with the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) ion source composed of the outer cylindrical dielectric tube and the inner grounded metallic tube electrode. The sample gas is supplied through the inner ceramic tube. In this ion source, the DBD plasma is localized in the DBD tube so that the sample gases can be ionized just outside of the ceramic tube by the DBD excited helium gas without being exposed in the plasma jet. Besides, ambient air does not take part in the ionization of the sample vapor because ionization takes place inside the DBD ion source. Thus, this method is totally free from contaminants in ambient air. It was found that this ion source is capable of soft, high-sensitivity, and reproducible ionization. Application of this technique to the analysis of methamphetamine, carbaryl and basil leaf was given. 相似文献
29.
30.
von Richthofen Alexander Matsuo Michitaka Karduck Peter Ammann Norbert 《Mikrochimica acta》1994,114(1):511-523
In order to compare thin-film electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) regarding reliability in quantifying chemical compositions of Ti-Al-O-N coatings with depth, a multilayer was prepared on a silicon wafer by using reactive ionized cluster beam deposition technique. Within a total thickness of about 25 nm the composition of the multilayer varied step by step from Ti-Al-O-N at the bottom to Al-O at the top. AES and, as an innovation, EPMA crater edge profiling was applied to measure the composition with depth. For quantification special thin-film EPMA techniques based on Monte Carlo simulations were applied. The chemical binding states of Al and Ti with depth were analysed using a high resolution energy analyser (MAC 3) for the AES investigations working in the direct mode. According to the deposition procedure the concentration profiles of the components varied with depth for both AES and EPMA measurements. AES provided a better depth resolution than EPMA. To get a true calibration of the depth scale an in-situ measurement method like an optical interferometry will be required. Assuming that the relative sensitivity factors are available AES depth profiling delivers concentration profiles with good accuracy. The new EPMA application provided quantitative depth profiles concerning concentration and coverage. For EPMA crater edge profiling the coating needs to be deposited on a foreign substrate because depth distributions of elements being present in both the layer and the substrate cannot be resolved.The combination of AES-depth profiling with EPMA crater edge profiling techniques is a powerful tool to analyse heterostructures quantitatively. 相似文献