Influence of salt and acetonitrile on the capillary zone electrophoresis analysis of imatinib in plasma samples

A simple, sensitive, specific, and cost‐effective analytical methodology was developed for the analysis of human plasma samples spiked with imatinib by CZE with on‐line UV detection in the context of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Several analytical conditions such as the ionic strength (I) and the pH of the BGE composed of citric acid and ε‐amino caproic acid were studied in regards of the presence of sodium chloride (NaCl) in plasma samples (1% m/v). Computer simulations (Simul software) were used to confirm the experimental results and to understand imatinib electrophoretic behavior in the presence of NaCl. Furthermore, the advantages of adding ACN to the sample containing NaCl to combine efficient protein precipitation and on‐line CZE stacking of imatinib were demonstrated. LOD and LOQ values of 48 and 191 ng/mL were obtained from plasma sample supernatant after protein precipitation with ACN, which is much lower than mean imatinib plasma level observed for patients treated by imatinib mesylate (about 1000 ng/mL). Good linearity was obtained in the concentration range 191–5000 ng/mL (R² > 0.997). RSD of less than 1.68% and 2.60% (n = 6) for migration times and corrected peak areas, respectively, were observed at the LOQ.     

Integrated Molecular Logic Using a Multistate Electrochromic Platform

Herein, we present an approach that integrates molecular logic functions using surface-confined metallo-organic assemblies. These assemblies are electrochromic and mimic the behaviour of logic elements. The logic elements are addressed individually by electrochemical methods, and their outputs are simultaneously read-out optically by UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy. The versatility of our setup is demonstrated by the integration of two multi-component assemblies; each acting as ternary logic elements. We used also a laminated cell configuration to demonstrate color-to-color and color-to-transparent transitions. This concept offers a route for the future development of devices with multiple logic states.     

Optical signal quality metric based on statistical moments and Laguerre expansion

A new and straightforward optical signal quality metric, which is based on the approximation of the analytical probability density function by its Laguerre expansion, is proposed. This expansion uses statistical moments to approximate the true statistics, but, unlike the well-known Gaussian approximation, higher order moments can be used as well. The quality of the proposed metric is discussed and the metric is compared with the Gaussian approximation. It is shown that the new metric provides not only a good estimation of the bit error rate in the range of practical interest but, contrary to the Gaussian approximation, correctly estimates optimum decision threshold and accurately pictures the shape of the noise distribution.     

Thin SiC<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript> layers prepared by hybrid laser–magnetron deposition

Thin SiC _x films were fabricated by hybrid laser–magnetron deposition system. KrF excimer laser was used for deposition of carbon and magnetron at the same time for sputtering of Si species. Films were fabricated in argon/hydrogen ambient with and without additional RF discharge. The substrate temperature was changed up to 700°C. Films topology, crystallinity, composition, chemical bonds and optical emission spectra were studied. Films were smooth and amorphous. Films of thickness 400–1000 nm were fabricated. Adhesion moved from 8 to 14 N, depending on deposition conditions.     

Current trends in the description of lanthanum strontium manganite oxygen electrode reaction mechanism in a high-temperature solid oxide cell

This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions at the lanthanum strontium manganite electrode of a high-temperature solid oxide cell. Information provided here is put into the perspective of the defect chemistry of lanthanum strontium manganite and its impact on the electrode reaction mechanisms itself. After summarizing recent views on the oxygen reduction reaction mechanism, the focus turns to the oxygen evolution reaction, which is significantly less treated in the literature. A combination of the information in the literature on both reactions was the basis for modified reaction mechanism of the oxygen evolution reaction to be proposed under consideration of recent experimental observations and theoretical findings.     

On reduction of the drug diflunisal in non-aqueous media

Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly - The electrochemical reduction of diflunisal was studied in dimethyl sulfoxide on static mercury drop electrode. Diflunisal yields one irreversible...     

Some results on linear nabla Riemann-Liouville fractional difference equations

In this paper, we establish some criteria for boundedness, stability properties, and separation of solutions of autonomous nonlinear nabla Riemann-Liouville scalar fractional difference equations. To derive these results, we prove the variation of constants formula for nabla Riemann-Liouville fractional difference equations.     

Synthesis,crystal structure and magnetic properties of a new tri‐nuclear iron (II,III) complex,a precursor for the preparation of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles applicable in the removal of Cd2+

This study reports the structural and spectroscopic characterization of a novel metal organic compound formulated as [Fe (bpy)₃] [Fe (dipic)₂]₂.7H₂O ( 1 ) (dipic = pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxylate and bpy = 2,2^′‐bipyridine). 1 was investigated by elemental analysis, FT‐IR spectroscopy, powder X‐ray diffraction and single crystal X‐ray diffraction (SC‐XRD), which revealed a triclinic structure of expected composition. Thermal degradation of 1 was also investigated. Complex 1 was used as a precursor to prepare superparamagnetic nanoparticles of Fe₃O₄ by thermal analysis. The obtained Fe₃O₄ was characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were used as a nano‐adsorbent to remove Cd²⁺ from water at room temperature. The results showed that this nano‐adsorbent is effective in removing Cd²⁺ from contaminated water sources, and that the maximal effectivity of adsorption occurs at pH = 6. Magnetic measurements of complex 1 and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles at room temperature revealed paramagnetic and superparamagnetic behavior, respectively.