A Comparison of the Experimental and ab Initio Values of theO NMR Chemical Shifts in the Carbonyl Group

New experimental and theoretical results are presented for the NMR shielding of oxygen in the carbonyl group. The experimental values clearly demonstrate that the solvent effects are very significant. The new results for the chemical shifts are in better agreement than the previous literature data with the corresponding ab initio values calculated for isolated molecules.     

Bioinspired Nanodevice Based on the Folic Acid/Titanium Dioxide System

A new bioinspired nanomaterial has been obtained by chemisorption of folic acid onto nanocrystalline titanium dioxide. The organic chromophore is linked with the semiconductor surface via the glutamate chain and anchored with the carboxylate group. The geometry and electronic structure of the chromophore was studied in detail with DFT. Photoelectrochemical studies revealed photosensitization of the new material towards visible light. The photoelectrodes composed of the folic acid/titanium dioxide hybrid material generated photocurrent over a 300–600‐nm window. Moreover, the direction of the photocurrent could be changed from anodic to cathodic and vice versa by application of the appropriate photoelectrode potential. Photoelectrochemical and spectroscopic studies allowed the elucidation of the mechanism of photocurrent switching. Photoelectrodes composed of folate‐modified titanium dioxide may serve as a simple model of optoelectronic switches and may constitute the basis for molecular photoelectronic devices.     

MR microscopy of water diffusion tensor in biological systems

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the control and mechanically injured spinal cord of a ratin vitro andin vivo are reported.In vitro experiments were done on a home-built 6.4 T magnetic resonance microscope. Results for formaline-fixed samples show significant differences in diffusion tensor components between gray matter and white matter of the control spinal cord. Moreover, it is shown that already 6–10 min after the injury DTI can detect changes in water diffusion in areas extending far beyond the region of primary tissue damage.In vivo experiments were performed using a 9.4 T Magnex magnet and Bruker Medspec imaging system. Good-quality DTI images, free from motion artifacts were obtained. Results from control samples confirm differences in water diffusion between white matter and gray matter, observedin vitro. In vivo experiments show that characteristic changes in water diffusion observedin vitro 6–10 min after injury are preserved 60–360 min after injury, without significant alteration during this time.     

Letter: Rotation of the Universe and the Angular Momenta of Celestial Bodies

We discuss the equation of motion of the rotating homogenous and isotropic model of the Universe. We show that the model predicts the presence of a minimum in the relation between the mass of an astronomical object and its angular momentum. We show that this relation appears to be universal, and we predict the masses of structures with minimal angular momenta in agreement with observations. In such a manner we suggest the possibility at acquirement of angular momenta of celestial bodies during their formation from the global rotation of the Universe.     

Non-Hamiltonian systems separable by Hamilton–Jacobi method

We show that with every separable classical Stäckel system of Benenti type on a Riemannian space one can associate, by a proper deformation of the metric tensor, a multi-parameter family of non-Hamiltonian systems on the same space, sharing the same trajectories and related to the seed system by appropriate reciprocal transformations. These systems are known as bi-cofactor systems and are integrable in quadratures as the seed Hamiltonian system is. We show that with each class of bi-cofactor systems a pair of separation curves can be related. We also investigate the conditions under which a given flat bi-cofactor system can be deformed to a family of geodesically equivalent flat bi-cofactor systems.     

Features of different honeys identified by acoustic method

In this paper a series of experimental piezoelectric spectra of Zn_1-x-yBe_xMn_ySe (y = 0.05, x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) crystals are presented and discussed. Three groups of samples exhibiting different composition with different surface treatment: grinded, polished and etched were prepared. The influence of a different surface treatment on piezoelectric amplitude spectra are discussed with in model taking into account the presence of defects located on the surfaces of the samples.     

Über eine neue pyknometrische Dichtebestimmungs-Methode der weichen Fette

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Handling effects of reinforced preference and counter-veto in credibility of outranking

The aim of this paper is to generalize the way of computing the credibility of outranking in a multiple criteria aggregation procedure, in view of taking into account two new effects called reinforced preference and counter-veto. These effects concern only those criteria for which, as soon as action a is “judged very strongly preferred” to action b, one wishes that the credibility of outranking of a over b is greater than that for the case where (all things equal elsewhere) the preference is not “judged very strong”. To achieve this goal, we propose two complementary ways. The first one involves a reinforced preference threshold which affects the concordance degree, and the second one involves a counter-veto threshold which affects the insertion of discordance degree in the calculation of the credibility of outranking. The introduction of these two new effects remains compatible with the handling of ordinal preference scales. The resulting new index of the credibility of outranking can be used, in particular, in ELECTRE methods.