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1.
2.
An experimental method for determining the real-time depth of laser-drilled holes is presented. The proposed method involves
detecting the laser-induced optoacoustic waves generated during the interaction of the laser beam with the material. Our optodynamic
study involved measuring the propagation times of these waves as they traveled through the material and analyzing their temporal
behavior during the drilling process. The experimental observations revealed an exponential relationship between the propagation
time of the longitudinal stress wave and the number of consecutive laser pulses.
Received: 25 October 2001 / Accepted: 27 October 2001 / Published online: 20 December 2001 相似文献
3.
V. Petržílka 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》1997,47(2):183-196
Test particle motion and acceleration has been explored in strong radio frequency (RF) fields, for which quasilinear ponderomotive force approximation is not valid. By nonlinear acceleration in spatially varying wave amplitude of RF travelling wave, electrons may be accelerated to time averaged velocities significantly larger than the RF wave phase velocity, and than the boundary plasma thermal velocity, in RF fields of several Volts per centimeter at wave frequency of 7 MHz. It is also demonstrated that even weak spatial gradients, much weaker than those expected in experiments, of the RF wave field amplitude, have significant consequences for the particle motion. Estimates are presented of the total energy transferred from the near antenna RF field to the plasma due to the nonlinear electron acceleration effects. 相似文献
4.
We study condensation of ethanol-hexanol vapour by numerical solution of kinetic equations. The number of droplets formed
in unit volume is computed within self-consistent classical model. It is shown that formation of ethanol-rich droplets prevails
at the initial stage of nucleation process, but in the stationary state formation of droplets near the saddle point (on cluster
formation energy surface) plays the dominant role.
Presented at the 6th Joint Seminar “Development of Materials Science in Research and Education”, Karlštejn, Czech Republic,
17–19 September 1996.
This work was supported by Grant No. A1010615 of the Grant Agency of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. 相似文献
5.
The new techniques and ideas in quantum interferometry with neutrons, photons, atoms, electrons, and Bose condensates that fluorished in the last two decades have influenced in a decisive way the thinking and the research in the foundations and interpretation of quantum mechanics. The controversies existing among different schools on the reality of matter waves of quantum theory, the postulates of quantum measurement theory, and the (in)completeness of quantum mechanics have to be approached now in a new way. Our argumentation follows the spirit of the Paris school. 相似文献
6.
N. Raju T. Špaček J. Ježek I. M. Caminiti F. Leinisch K. Hideg P. Ježek W. E. Trommer 《Applied magnetic resonance》2006,30(3-4):373-383
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of spin-labeled fatty acids was used to investigate their interaction withEscherichia coli-expressed human mitochondrial uncoupling protein UCP2 refolded from inclusion bodies in nonaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E9) micelles. 5-DOXYL-stearic acid and 4-PROXYL-palmitic acid bound to UCP2 exhibited additional clearly separated h+1I, h?1I “immobile” peaks in the low- and high-field region, respectively, separated by 42 and 44 Gauss, and extensively reduced h+1M, h?1M “mobile” peaks, separated by about 30 G, whereas with 7-DOXYL-stearic acid the I and M peaks were smoothed together into one wide peak. Competition of 4-PROXYL-palmitic acid with added palmitic acid, arachidonic acid, and all-cis-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid and of 7-DOXYL-stearic acid with arachidonic acid was indicated by the disappearance of the h+1I, h?1I “immobile” peaks, whereas redistribution in micelles without protein was indicated by the rising of the h+1M, h?1M “mobile” peaks. In conclusion, a competition of palmitic, arachidonic, and eicosatrienoic acid within a putative fatty acid binding site was observed for mitochondrial uncoupling protein UCP2. This finding together with the observation of EPR spectra of highly immobilized probes exclusively in the presence of the recombinant UCP2 suggest the existence of a fatty acid binding site on UCP2 which is a prerequisite of the fatty acid cycling mechanism as previously postulated for UCP1. 相似文献
7.
J‐F. Masson Slaana Bundalo‐Perc Ana Delgado 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2005,43(3):276-279
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) does not allow for easy determination of the glass‐transition temperature (Tg) of the polystyrene (PS) block in styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) block copolymers. Modulated DSC (MDSC), which deconvolutes the standard DSC signal into reversing and nonreversing signals, was used to determine the (Tg) of both the polybutadiene (PB) and PS blocks in SBS. The Tg of the PB block was sharp, at ?92 °C, but that for the PS blocks was extremely broad, from ?60 to 125 °C with a maximum at 68 °C because of blending with PB. PS blocks were found only to exist in a mixed PS–PB phase. This concurred with the results from dynamic mechanical analysis. Annealing did not allow for a segregation of the PS blocks into a pure phase, but allowed for the segregation of the mixed phase into two mixed phases, one that was PB‐rich and the other that was PS‐rich. It is concluded that three phases coexist in SBS: PB, PB‐rich, and PS‐rich phases. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 276–279, 2005 相似文献
8.
Recently published data on thep T dependence of the angular distributions of muon pairs produced in collisions of negative pions with deuterium and tungsten nuclei reveal an unexpected tendency. We show that the quantum statistical approach involving expansions in terms of coherent states leads in this case to an exact, non-perturbative result which in the lowest order approximation describes the observed trends with sufficient accuracy. In this procedure, the non-vanishing correlations between the coordinates and momenta of dimuons play a decisive role. 相似文献
9.
J. Ježek 《Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal》2004,54(1):233-246
We investigate congruences in one-element extensions of algebras in the variety generated by tournaments. 相似文献
10.
J. Mlynár J. Ongena The EFDA JET Contributions I. Duran M. Hron R. Pánek V. Petržílka F. Žáček 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》2004,54(3):C28
JET (Joint European Torus) is the largest tokamak in the world and the only fusion facility able to operate with Tritium, the fusion fuel, and Beryllium, the ITER first wall material. JET also features the most complete remote handling equipment for invessel maintenance. As a multinational research center, JET provides logistic experience in preparing for operation of the global facility, tokamak ITER.Experiments on JET are focused on ITER-relevant studies, in particular on detailing the operational scenarios (EL My H-modes and advanced regimes), on enhancing the heating systems, on developing diagnostics for burning plasmas etc. Pioneering real-time control techniques have been implemented that maximize performance and minimize internal disturbances of JET plasmas. In helium plasmas, ion cyclotron heating (ICRH) created fast α-particles, mimicking their populations in future burning plasmas. The recent successful Trace Tritium campaign provided important new data on fuel transport. Current enhancements on JET include a new ITER-like ELM-resilient high power ICRH antenna (7 MW) and over twenty new diagnostics that will further extend the JET scientific capabilities and push the facility even closer to the ITER parameters.A special mention is given to the involvement of the fusion experts from Association EURATOM-IPP.CR, who have been actively participating in the collective use of JET facility for more than three years. 相似文献