This article studies buoyancy-driven natural convection of a nanofluid affected by a magnetic field within a square enclosure with an individual conductive pin fin. The effects of electromagnetic forces, thermal conductivity, and inclination angle of pin fin were investigated using non-dimensional parameters. An extensive sensitivity analysis was conducted seeking an optimal heat transfer setting. The novelty of this work lies in including different contributing factors in heat transfer analysis, rigorous analysis of design parameters, and comprehensive mathematical analysis of solution domain for optimization. Results showed that magnetic strength diminished the heat transfer efficacy, while higher relative thermal conductivity of pin fin improved it. Based on the problem settings, we also obtained the relative conductivity value in which the heat transfer is optimal. Higher sensitivity of heat transfer was, though, noticed for both magnetic strength and fin thermal conductivity in comparison to fin inclination angle. Further studies, specifically with realistic geometrical configurations and heat transfer settings, are urged to translate current findings to industrial applications.
This paper proposes a new mathematical model to solve the cell formation, operator assignment and inter-cell layout problems, simultaneously. The objectives of proposed model are minimization of inter–intra cell part trips, machine relocation cost and operator related issues. Since the objective function of the proposed model consists of none commensurable statements, the preferred solution is obtained by the LP-metric approach. In order to validate the proposed model, some numerical examples are generated randomly and solved by branch and bound technique. Moreover; a real case study is illustrated in order to verify its applicability in an automobile producer company. Moreover the sensitivity analysis of proposed model shows that considering the operator assignment problem has significant impact on the overall system efficiency. 相似文献
In this study, a novel and eco‐friendly synthesis of benzochromenopyrimidines catalyzed by phosphotugstic acid immobilized on aminated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs@NHBut/PTA) is reported. New solid acid catalyst was prepared through a simple process with good percentage of organo metallic groups and characterized with FTIR, TEM, SEM, EDX and TGA techniques. Reusable catalytic system provides a convenient, safe and green pathway to generate a variety of benzochromenopyrimidines under mild conditions. 相似文献
Employing a Schiff base ligand in a hydrothermal sol–gel method for preparation of TiO2 nanostructures was studied. The as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. It is shown that in the controlled reaction conditions, a Schiff base ligand containing hard atoms is capable of driving the growth mechanism in a way that anisotropic shapes of TiO2 nanostructures are formed. Considering the structure of the Schiff base ligand, the possible growth mechanism of TiO2 nanostructures is proposed. The optical studied as well as calculated molecular orbital structure of ligand by density functional theory is done. 相似文献
Russian Journal of Electrochemistry - The use of hematite as a photoanode has been limited due to its optoelectronic properties and a large overpotential for photo-assisted water splitting. In this... 相似文献
A novel polymer supported [poly (styrene-co-maleic imide) (SMI)]Cu(I) nano-particles was prepared via in situ reaction of 4-amino-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione with [poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride)] (SMA) along with immobilization of CuI. These nano-particles were fully characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis, Xray (EDAX), inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis, 1H NMR and FT-IR techniques. Moreover, the structural and electronic features of metal–ligand interactions in the complex model of polymer-supported copper nanocatalyst were assessed using density functional theory calculations. The catalytic activity of these supported Cu(I) nonoparticles was examined in one of the classiest name reaction so–called “click reaction” which is coined K. B Sharpless for the regioselective synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives using a multicomponent reaction (MCR) involving benzyl halides, sodium azide and terminal alkynes in water as a green solvent. This heterogeneous catalyst showed excellent catalytic activity and was separated by simple filtration and was used at least in five consecutive runs without a significant decrease in its activity. 相似文献
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The natural gas entering the liquefaction cycle usually consists of nitrogen, ethane, propane and also heavier hydrocarbons which are economically... 相似文献