Design and Synthesis of Some New Furan-Based Derivatives and Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity

New furan-based derivatives have been, designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their cytotoxic and tubulin polymerization inhibitory activities. DNA flow cytometric study of pyridine carbohydrazide 4 and N-phenyl triazinone 7 demonstrated G₂/M phase cell cycle disruptions. Accumulation of cells in the pre-G1 phase and positive annexin V/PI staining, which may be caused by degeneration or fragmentation of the genetic components, suggested that cell death occurs via an apoptotic cascade. Furthermore, compounds 4 and 7 had a strong pro-apoptotic impact through inducing the intrinsic mitochondrial mechanism of apoptosis. This mechanistic route was verified by an ELISA experiment that indicated a considerable rise in the levels of p53 and Bax and a drop in the level of Bcl-2 when compared with the control.     

Rapid production of monodisperse cross-linked red blood corpuscle-like particles via scalable one-pot dispersion polymerization

Cross-linked polystyrene (PS) particles having red blood corpuscle (RBC)-like shape were synthesized by one-pot dispersion polymerization of styrene with ethanol/water mixture and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the reaction medium and cross-linker, respectively. Monitoring of the reaction showed that RBC-like shape forms due to asymmetric shrinkage of a cross-linked network during the phase separation. In addition, three dimensional phase diagram was generated based on the yielded data that showed that the formation of such unique shape extremely depends on the polarity of the medium and injection time of the cross-linker. In situ synthesis of RBC-like particles, as promising biomaterials in targeted drug delivery and a model for the understanding of the cell behavior, via such fast and high solid content approach makes it to be conducive to subsequent scale up, i.e. potential commercial adoption.     

In situ crystallization of ZnAl2O4/ZnO nanocomposite on alumina granule for photocatalytic purification of wastewater

Research on Chemical Intermediates - ZnAl2O4/ZnO nanocomposites with different ZnO (20, 30, and 40 mol%) concentrations and coated samples on supports were successfully prepared through...     

On solitary wave diffraction by multiple,in-line vertical cylinders

The interaction of solitary waves with multiple, in-line vertical cylinders is investigated. The fixed cylinders are of constant circular cross section and extend from the seafloor to the free surface. In general, there are N of them lined in a row parallel to the incoming wave direction. Both the nonlinear, generalized Boussinesq and the Green–Naghdi shallow-water wave equations are used. A boundary-fitted curvilinear coordinate system is employed to facilitate the use of the finite-difference method on curved boundaries. The governing equations and boundary conditions are transformed from the physical plane onto the computational plane. These equations are then solved in time on the computational plane that contains a uniform grid and by use of the successive over-relaxation method and a second-order finite-difference method to determine the horizontal force and overturning moment on the cylinders. Resulting solitary wave forces from the nonlinear Green–Naghdi and the Boussinesq equations are presented, and the forces are compared with the experimental data when available.     

A Modified Nested-Gridding for Upscaling–Downscaling in Reservoir Simulation

This article reports a numerical study of double-diffusive convection in a fluid-saturated vertical porous annulus subjected to discrete heat and mass fluxes from a portion of the inner wall. The outer wall is maintained at uniform temperature and concentration, while the top and bottom walls are adiabatic and impermeable to mass transfer. The physical model for the momentum equation is formulated using the Darcy law, and the resulting governing equations are solved using an implicit finite difference technique. The influence of physical and geometrical parameters on the streamlines, isotherms, isoconcentrations, average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers has been numerically investigated in detail. The location of heat and solute source has a profound influence on the flow pattern, heat and mass transfer rates in the porous annulus. For the segment located at the bottom portion of inner wall, the flow rate is found to be higher, whereas the heat and mass transfer rates are higher when the source is placed near the middle of the inner wall. Further, the average Sherwood number increases with Lewis number, while for the average Nusselt number the effect is opposite. The average Nusselt number increases with radius ratio (λ); however, the average Sherwood number increases with radius ratio only up to λ = 5, and for λ > 5 , the average Sherwood number does not increase significantly.     

Diffusion bonding in multi-layers systems

 A mathematical model is presented to simulate the diffusion bonding in multi-layers systems. The model is solved analytically using Green's function method. The time required by the bonding material to attain its maximum solvability in the other two layers is estimated. Received on 4 January 2000     

A hybrid DSMC/Navier–Stokes frame to solve mixed rarefied/nonrarefied hypersonic flows over nano‐plate and micro‐cylinder

We extend a hybrid DSMC/Navier–Stokes (NS) approach to unify the DSMC and the NS simulators in one framework capable of solving the mixed non‐equilibrium and near‐equilibrium flow regions efficiently. Furthermore, we use a one‐way state‐based coupling (Dirichlet–Dirichlet boundary‐condition coupling) to transfer the required information from the continuum region to the rarefied one. The current hybrid DSMC–NS frame is applied to the hypersonic flows over nanoflat plate and microcylinder cases. The achieved solutions are compared with the pure DSMC and NS solutions. The results show that the current hybrid approach predicts the surface heat transfer rate and shear stress magnitudes very accurately. Some important conclusions can be drawn from this study. For example, although the shock wave region would be a non‐equilibrium region, it is not necessary to use a pure DSMC simulator to solve it entirely. This is important when the researchers wish to predict the surface properties such as velocity slip, temperature jump, wall heat flux rate, and friction drag magnitudes accurately. Our investigation showed that our hybrid solution time would be at least 40% (for the flat plate) and 35% (for the cylinder) of the time that must be spent by a pure DSMC solver to attain the same accuracy.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Preyssler heteropolyacid supported on silica coated NiFe2O4 nanoparticles for the catalytic synthesis of bis(dihydropyrimidinone)benzene and 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones

A novel magnetic acidic catalyst comprising Preyssler (H14[NaP5W30O110]) heteropoly acid support‐ed on silica coated nickel ferrite nanoparticles (NiFe2O4@SiO2) was prepared. The catalyst was character...