全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1034篇 |
免费 | 15篇 |
国内免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 732篇 |
晶体学 | 18篇 |
力学 | 6篇 |
数学 | 108篇 |
物理学 | 199篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 18篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 25篇 |
2013年 | 39篇 |
2012年 | 55篇 |
2011年 | 59篇 |
2010年 | 30篇 |
2009年 | 34篇 |
2008年 | 68篇 |
2007年 | 55篇 |
2006年 | 62篇 |
2005年 | 66篇 |
2004年 | 59篇 |
2003年 | 49篇 |
2002年 | 44篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 27篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 24篇 |
1996年 | 18篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 17篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 16篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1063条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Yusuke Karasawa Kanako Miyano Hideaki Fujii Takaaki Mizuguchi Yui Kuroda Miki Nonaka Akane Komatsu Kaori Ohshima Masahiro Yamaguchi Keisuke Yamaguchi Masako Iseki Yasuhito Uezono Masakazu Hayashida 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(19)
Activated opioid receptors transmit internal signals through two major pathways: the G-protein-mediated pathway, which exerts analgesia, and the β-arrestin-mediated pathway, which leads to unfavorable side effects. Hence, G-protein-biased opioid agonists are preferable as opioid analgesics. Rubiscolins, the spinach-derived naturally occurring opioid peptides, are selective δ opioid receptor agonists, and their p.o. administration exhibits antinociceptive effects. Although the potency and effect of rubiscolins as G-protein-biased molecules are partially confirmed, their in vitro profiles remain unclear. We, therefore, evaluated the properties of rubiscolins, in detail, through several analyses, including the CellKeyTM assay, cADDis® cAMP assay, and PathHunter® β-arrestin recruitment assay, using cells stably expressing µ, δ, κ, or µ/δ heteromer opioid receptors. In the CellKeyTM assay, rubiscolins showed selective agonistic effects for δ opioid receptor and little agonistic or antagonistic effects for µ and κ opioid receptors. Furthermore, rubiscolins were found to be G-protein-biased δ opioid receptor agonists based on the results obtained in cADDis® cAMP and PathHunter® β-arrestin recruitment assays. Finally, we found, for the first time, that they are also partially agonistic for the µ/δ dimers. In conclusion, rubiscolins could serve as attractive seeds, as δ opioid receptor-specific agonists, for the development of novel opioid analgesics with reduced side effects. 相似文献
92.
Photochromic performance of diarylethene single crystals was controlled by crystal engineering using non-covalent aromatic-aromatic interactions as the directional intermolecular force. A diarylethene derivative with two pentafluorophenyl groups, 1,2-bis(2-methyl-5-pentafluorophenyl-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene (1a), formed stoichiometric co-crystals with benzene (Bz) and naphthalene (Np) by aryl-perfluoroaryl interactions. Face-to-face pi-stacking interactions between the pentafluorophenyl groups of 1a and the aromatic molecules are responsible for 2:1 and 1:1 stoichiometric compositions in 1a/Bz and 1a/Np co-crystals, respectively. The diarylethene underwent thermally stable and photoreversible photochromic reactions in a homo-crystal of 1a and co-crystals 1a/Bz and 1a/Np. The absorption spectra of the photogenerated closed-ring isomers varied depending on the conformation of the diarylethene molecules packed in the crystals. The diarylethene 1a also formed 1:1 stoichiometric co-crystals with different kinds of diarylethenes, 1,2-bis(2-ethyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene (2a) and 1,2-bis[2-methyl-5-(1-naphthyl)-3-thienyl]perfluorocyclopentene (3a). Both co-crystals 1a/2a and 1a/3a showed photochromism. Although 1a, 2a, and 3a underwent efficient photocyclization reactions in their homo-crystals, highly selective photocyclization reactions of 2a or 3a were observed in the co-crystals. The selective reactions were confirmed by HPLC and X-ray crystallography. Excited energy transfers from 1a to 2a and from 1a to 3a are considered to occur and cause the selective reactions. 相似文献
93.
Masakazu Kobayashi Takuya Honda Atsushi Kanzawa 《Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing》1985,5(1):39-54
The effect of gas injection on an atmospheric thermal argon plasma flow in a water-cooled tube was investigated experimentally and numerically. The injection gas is argon, helium, or nitrogen. The static pressure with helium injection increases greatly because of its high thermal conductivity, while little increase occurs for nitrogen injection because of the dissociation. The increasing rate of the static pressure depends on the ratio of the momentum term to the viscosity term. The heat flux to the tube wall with gas injection changes less than that without injection. The numerical results showed variations similar to the experimental ones. 相似文献
94.
As a new concept for the design of effective photocatalysts, an ion beam technology using accelerated metal ions, a metal ion implantation and an ionized cluster beam (ICB) method, have been applied to design unique photocatalysts. The metal ion implantation of TiO2 and Ti-containing zeolites with highly accelerated metal ions (V+, Cr+, etc.) is useful in designing photocatalysts that can operate efficiently under visible light irradiation. Also, an ICB method with a low acceleration energy is useful in preparing transparent TiO2 thin films on various types of substrates for the efficient photocatalytic degradation of pollutants diluted in water and air. The combination of the ICB method and metal ion implantation can develop the TiO2 thin films that are able to operate not only under UV light but also under visible light irradiation. 相似文献
95.
A simple pre-irradiation procedure for the separation of iodine from soil has been developed. A soil sample was heated in a quartz tube for 15 min at about 900 °C. The evaporated iodine was collected in activated charcoal, which was produced from phenol resin with low impurities. The charcoal, with sorbed iodine, was irradiated by neutrons and the128I produced was measured. A successful elimination of the background radioactivity due to the matrix elements was possible with this separation procedure. The detection limit by this method for soil samples was about 0.1 mg/kg (dry). The method has been applied to analyze selected soil samples. 相似文献
96.
Imai M Tanaka M Tanaka K Yamamoto Y Imai-Ogata N Shimowatari M Nagumo S Kawahara N Suemune H 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2004,69(4):1144-1150
Intermolecular hydroacylation between salicylaldehydes 1, 26-40 and 1,4-penta- or 1,5-hexadienes 4-13 by Rh-catalyst proceeded under mild reaction conditions to give a mixture of iso- and normal-hydroacylated products 14-25, 41-55, and 57-60. In the hydroacylation reaction, chelation of both salicylaldehyde and diene to the Rh-complex plays a crucial role. The ratio of iso- and normal-hydroacylated products could be regulated by the addition of salicylic acid or amines. The effects of various Rh-complexes, solvents, and additives were examined, and the plausible mechanisms of the catalytic cycle were proposed on the basis of the deuterium-labeling salicylaldehyde experiments. 相似文献
97.
Abstract Thermoluminescence (TL) and ESR phenomena induced by X-ray irradiation of the mixed samples of K2SO4 and alkaline earth metal sulfate (MgSO4 or BaSO4) were investigated in terms of the reactivities and the crystallogrpahic properties. A high intensive TL resulted from the diffusion of a small amount of Mg2+ into K2SO4 crystals. The amount formed of K2Mg2(SO4)3, langbeinite, compound had a maximum at the stoichiometric composition. From the ESR measurements, SO? 3 radicals were found to be easily formed in the langebeinite by excitation. Both the TL and the ESR phenomena were hardly observed in the K2SO4–BaSO4 system due to little diffusion of Ba2+ with much larger radius than Mg2+. The results were mainly discussed on the basis of the radii of the component cations in these systems. In addition, the fundamental data as to the application to the ESR dosimetry were obtained. 相似文献
98.
Adams GS Chasse M Cravey M Cummings JP Danko I Napolitano J Cronin-Hennessy D Park CS Park W Thayer JB Thorndike EH Coan TE Gao YS Liu F Stroynowski R Artuso M Boulahouache C Blusk S Butt J Dambasuren E Dorjkhaidav O Menaa N Mountain R Muramatsu H Nandakumar R Redjimi R Sia R Skwarnicki T Stone S Wang JC Zhang K Csorna SE Bonvicini G Cinabro D Dubrovin M Bornheim A Pappas SP Weinstein AJ Briere RA Chen GP Ferguson T Tatishvili G Vogel H Watkins ME Adam NE Alexander JP Berkelman K Cassel DG 《Physical review letters》2005,94(1):012001
The decay branching fractions of the three narrow Upsilon resonances to mu(+)mu(-) have been measured by analyzing about 4.3 fb(-1) e(+)e(-) data collected with the CLEO III detector. The branching fraction B(Upsilon(1S)-->mu(+)mu(-))=(2.49+/-0.02+/-0.07)% is consistent with the current world average, but B(Upsilon(2S)-->mu(+)mu(-))=(2.03+/-0.03+/-0.08)% and B(Upsilon(3S)-->mu(+)mu(-))=(2.39+/-0.07+/-0.10)% are significantly larger than prior results. These new muonic branching fractions imply a narrower total decay width for the Upsilon(2S) and Upsilon(3S) resonances and lower other branching fractions that rely on these decays in their determination. 相似文献
99.
A polynomial optimization problem whose objective function is represented as a sum of positive and even powers of polynomials,
called a polynomial least squares problem, is considered. Methods to transform a polynomial least square problem to polynomial
semidefinite programs to reduce degrees of the polynomials are discussed. Computational efficiency of solving the original
polynomial least squares problem and the transformed polynomial semidefinite programs is compared. Numerical results on selected
polynomial least square problems show better computational performance of a transformed polynomial semidefinite program, especially
when degrees of the polynomials are larger. 相似文献
100.
Atsushi SugieHansoo Song Takafumi HorieNaoto Ohmura Kiyoshi KanieAtsushi Muramatsu Atsunori Mori 《Tetrahedron letters》2012,53(33):4457-4459
Synthesis of thiol-capped gold nanoparticle is carried out by mixing of a THF solution of HAuCl4·4H2O and nC12H25SH with a THF solution of triethylsilane in a flow system that consists of polytetrafluoroethylene tubing. The effect of residence time and reaction temperature on the particle size is examined. 相似文献