Caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1) vaginal infection of goats: clinical efficacy of fig latex

Clinical score (A) and viral shedding (B) in goats vaginally infected with CpHV-1 and treated with fig latex (goats A, B, C). Goat D was left untreated.     

Sulla stabilità di un fluido politropico, viscoso e pesante in un contenitore limitato da pareti perfette conduttrici di calore

Sunto In questa Nota, si affronta il problema del comportamento asintotico nel tempo di perturbazioni alla quiete per il sistema di equazioni per un fluido comprimibile, viscoso e politropico. Ammesso che esista una soluzione regolare globale, si dimostra, sotto l’ipotesi che il gradiente della temperatura assegnata al bordo sia piccolo, che la differenza tra la soluzione corrispondente a dati iniziali arbitrari e la quiete decade a zero pert che tende ad infinito nella normal diL ².

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We consider the equation system for a compressible viscous polytropic fluid in a regualar bounded domain and we study the asymptotic behavior as time goes to infinity of perturbations with respect to the basic rest state. Under the assumption of the smallness of the gradient of the given temperature on the boundary, we prove the exponential decay of theL ²-norm of the difference between the solution corresponding to arbitrary initial data and the rest state.

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The second author thanks the 60% contract MURST, also she acknowledges the GNFM of italian CNR-INDAM for financial supports.     

Rheological investigation of thermal transitions in vesicular dispersion

The thermal behavior of unsonicated dispersions of a double-chained surfactant, Dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB), has been studied over a wide concentration range using DSC and dynamic rheology. All dispersions are characterized by the pre- and main transition peaks at 35 °C and 43 °C, respectively. But, only above 10 mM DODAB, a third endotherm at 52 °C appears which may correspond to the (ULVs + L_α fragments) → MLVs transition. The thermal-induced MLV’s size is proportionally dependent on the concentration. In addition, and in agreement with DSC data, dynamic rheology has proven to be an indirect way to elucidate the structural transitions in these DODAB vesicular dispersions.     

Phase Diagram of Gelatin Plasticized by Water and Glycerol

Summary: Gelatin is widely used in capsules manufacturing. Most of the capsules in pharmaceutical applications are hard capsules made out of concentrated solutions of gelatin, where water has been progressively removed during the drying process. More recently soft capsules found an increasing interest in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications where they are filled and sealed with a liquid substance. In order to keep the shells of capsules flexible after drying at room temperature, plasticizer is added to the gelatin aqueous solutions. We present in this paper a systematic investigation of gelatin films, equilibrated under a range of relative humidity (RH). The films contain glycerol as plasticizer P or only water and gelatin, (G). In order to analyze the role of the plasticizer, we fixed various P/G ratios and measured the water retention versus RH. Films were characterized by DSC (Mettler Toledo DSC823). Glass transition temperature T_g, melting temperature T_m and enthalpy associated with helix-coil transition were determined. The role of water and glycerol was examined in relation with the large variations of these transition temperatures with film composition. Non equilibrium effects are also discussed, in particular concerning the glass transition temperature, the relaxation effects and the water repartition between amorphous coils and helical structure. In conclusion, we propose a unique phase diagram of the gelatin films with any proportion of water and glycerol.     

Digital holographic microscopy characterization of superdirective beam by metamaterial

Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) has been successfully applied for the first time to characterize the radiative out-of-plane emission properties of a superdirective device. Complementarily to near-field microscopy, DHM allows us to reconstruct the beam in the far-field region. The angular dispersion of the light beam radiated from a grating composed of air and anti-air metamaterial has been determined, and the proposed technique has highlighted a collimation degree higher than 0.04°, as already evaluated in a previous work. Further considerations on the retrieved phase map of the beam in the acquisition plane are presented.     

Anti-inflammatory cyclopeptides from the marine sponge Theonella swinhoei

DCCC chromatography followed by HPLC purification on the polar extract of marine sponge Theonella swinhoei resulted in the isolation of five new cyclopeptides, perthamides G–K. The new structures, featuring unprecedented amino acid units, were determined by interpretation of extensive spectroscopic and spectrometric data (MS, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and ROESY). Pharmacological analysis demonstrated that these natural cyclopeptides are endowed with anti-inflammatory potential as assessed by their ability to reduce carrageenan-induced mouse paw oedema.     

Computational evaluation of ship manoeuvring performance based on scale model tests

Summary A brief review of the most important existing mathematical models for predicting the manoeuvring performance of a ship at the design stage is presented. A model based on the derivation of the hydrodynamic coefficients from force measurements on scale models is used to develop a computer program for the evaluation of the ship performance in some standard manoeuvres such as turning circle and zig-zag manoeuvres.

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Sommario Viene presentata una breve descrizione delle metodologie attuali più seguite per la identificazione di un modello matematico atto alla previsione delle caratteristiche di manovrabilità di una nave. Utilizzando coefficienti idrodinamici ricavati da prove su modelli in scala si è sviluppato un codice di calcolo che consente di ottenere la risposta della nave in alcune manovre standard quali quelle di evoluzione e zig-zag.

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Symbols G Center of gravity - g Acceleration due to gravity - I _ZZ Moment of inertia aboutz-axis - i _EP Effective moment of inertia about propeller axis - L Length between perpendiculars - m Ship mass - N Hydrodynamic moment aboutz-axis - n Rate of revolutions of propeller - O Origin of shipbound coordinate system - Q Propeller torque - Q _E Engine torque - q _F Engine fuel rate - R _T Total hull resistance - r Rate of turn aboutz-axis (yaw rate) - U Along-track velocity of0 - u, v Components ofU alongx, y-axes - X, Y Hydrodynamic forces alongx, y-axes - x,y,z Shipbound coordinate axes - x _G ,y _G ,z _G Coordinate of center of gravity in the shipbound system - x _o,y ₀,z ₀ Coordinate of 0 in the earthbound system, Fig. 1 - Drift angle - Rudder angle - Characteristic time - Heading angle Presented at the II Convegno AIMETA di Meccanica Computazionale, Rome, June 2–5, 1987.     

Fused indoles. 2. Synthesis and reactions of imidazo[1,2-a]- and pyrimido[1,2-a]-indoles

The alkylation of 2-chloroindole-3-carboxaldehyde ( 1 ) and 3-acetyl-2-chloroindole ( 5 ) with 3-chloro-N,N-dimethyl-1-propylamine, 3-chloro-N,N-diethyl-1-propylamine and 2-chloro-N,N-dimethyl-1-ethylamine is described. Following alkylation, demethylation occurs and furnishes imidazo[1,2,-a]- and pyrimido[1,2-a]indoles ( 3a,6,8,10 ). Pyrimido-indole 3a , on treatment with lithium aluminum hydride, furnishes the bis-indole 12 . Analogous reaction with diborane affords the reduced product 14 , while reaction with methyllithium yields the deformylated product 13 . Spectral data of the resulting compounds are also discussed.     

The chemistry of 2H-3,1-benzoxazine-2,4(1H)-dione (isatoic anhydride). 18. A short synthesis of swietenidin A

N-Methylisatoic anhydrides react with the lithium enolate of ethyl methoxyacetate at low temperatures to produce intermediates which, when cyclized, afford 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-2(1H)-quinolinones. By this route, 3-methoxy-N-methylisatoic anhydride ( 8 ) can be converted to the alkaloid swietenidin A (2) in 71% yield.     

A Note on the Apparent Conductivity of Stratified Porous Media in Unsaturated Steady Flow Above a Water Table

We aim at deriving the apparent unsaturated conductivity (AUC) K ^(ap), defined as the ratio between the mean flux and the mean head gradient in a stratified vadose zone above the water table. This is achieved for steady flow generated by a constant infiltrating flux applied at the soil surface. By adopting the first-order approximation in the two parameters of the conductivity curve, and under a few additional simplifying assumptions, we were able to analytically compute K ^(ap). It is shown that this latter varies between K ^(ap) ≡ K _H (the harmonic mean) at the water table, and K ^(ap) ≡ K _ef (the effective conductivity in gravitational flow) far above the water table. Profiles of the AUC are illustrated, and the impact of parameters values is discussed.