全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2500篇 |
免费 | 110篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1745篇 |
晶体学 | 20篇 |
力学 | 74篇 |
数学 | 443篇 |
物理学 | 346篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 20篇 |
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 32篇 |
2020年 | 44篇 |
2019年 | 43篇 |
2018年 | 42篇 |
2017年 | 39篇 |
2016年 | 89篇 |
2015年 | 74篇 |
2014年 | 69篇 |
2013年 | 136篇 |
2012年 | 157篇 |
2011年 | 163篇 |
2010年 | 100篇 |
2009年 | 99篇 |
2008年 | 170篇 |
2007年 | 188篇 |
2006年 | 177篇 |
2005年 | 130篇 |
2004年 | 125篇 |
2003年 | 84篇 |
2002年 | 94篇 |
2001年 | 55篇 |
2000年 | 56篇 |
1999年 | 32篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 29篇 |
1996年 | 39篇 |
1995年 | 24篇 |
1994年 | 30篇 |
1993年 | 18篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1971年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有2628条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
92.
Enzo Barberio Mariano Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento Rebelatto 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》2014,65(11):1664-1681
Although an essential condition for the occurrence of human development, economic growth is not always efficiently converted into quality of life by nation-states. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to measure the social efficiency—the ability of a nation-state to convert its produced wealth into quality of life—of a set of 101 countries. To achieve this goal, the Data Envelopment Analysis method was used in its standard, cross-multiplicative and inverted form, by means of a new approach called ‘triple index’. The main results indicated that the former Soviet republics and Eastern European countries stood out in terms of social efficiency. The developed countries, notwithstanding their high social indicators, did not excel in efficiency; however, the countries of south of Africa, despite having the worst social conditions, were also the most inefficient. 相似文献
93.
Dr. Manuel Vázquez Sulleiro Ramiro Quirós-Ovies Mariano Vera-Hidalgo Dr. I. Jénnifer Gómez Dr. Víctor Sebastián Prof. Jesús Santamaría Prof. Emilio M. Pérez 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(9):2993-2996
The combination of 2D materials opens a wide range of possibilities to create new-generation structures with multiple applications. Covalently cross-linked approaches are a ground-breaking strategy for the formation of homo or heterostructures made by design. However, the covalent assembly of transition metal dichalcogenides flakes is relatively underexplored. Here, a simple covalent cross-linking method to build 2H-MoS2–MoS2 homostructures is described, using commercially available bismaleimides. These assemblies are mainly connected vertically, basal plane to basal plane, creating specific molecular sized spaces between MoS2 sheets. Therefore, this straightforward approach gives access to the controlled connection of sulfide-based 2D materials. 相似文献
94.
Silica obtained by acid treatment of sepiolite was used as a support for catalysts consisting of palladium complexes of 2‐ and 3‐thiophenecarbaldehyde. The support and the catalysts were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, and solid‐state 29Si and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies. The supported palladium catalysts were used in the Suzuki reaction of bromobenzene with phenylboronic acid. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
95.
Unexpected reactivity of pyridinium salts toward alkynyl Fischer complexes to produce oxo‐heterocycles
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《应用有机金属化学》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
María Inés Flores‐Conde Fabiola N. de la Cruz Julio López J. Óscar C. Jiménez‐Halla Eduardo Peña‐Cabrera Marcos Flores‐Álamo Francisco Delgado Miguel A. Vázquez 《应用有机金属化学》2018,32(3)
The unprecedented reaction of ketone‐containing aromatic pyridinium salts 3a ‐ e and alkynyl Fischer complexes 1a ‐ f proceeds via a mild domino process to provide 4,6‐disubstituted pyran‐2‐ones 5a ‐ k and 2,3,5‐trisubstituted furans 6a ‐ h (45‐97%). According of the results of isotopic labeling experiments, a mechanism involving an initial Michael addition appears to be the key step, obtaining a mesomeric structure responsible for the formation of both products. 相似文献
96.
Montecrinanes A–C: Triterpenes with an Unprecedented Rearranged Tetracyclic Skeleton from Celastrus vulcanicola. Insights into Triterpenoid Biosynthesis Based on DFT Calculations
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Dr. Martín Purino Dr. Alejandro E. Ardiles Dr. Oliver Callies Dr. Ignacio A. Jiménez Prof. Isabel L. Bazzocchi 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(22):7582-7591
Three new triterpenoids with an unprecedented 6/6/6/6‐fused tetracyclic carbon skeleton, montecrinanes A–C ( 1 – 3 ), were isolated from the root bark of Celastrus vulcanicola, along with known D:B‐friedobaccharanes ( 4 – 6 ), and lupane‐type triterpenes ( 7 – 12 ). The stereostructures of the new metabolites were elucidated based on spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and spectrometric (HR‐EIMS and HR‐ESIMS) techniques. Their absolute configurations were determined by both NMR spectroscopy, with (R)‐(?)‐α‐methoxyphenylacetic acid as a chiral derivatizing agent, and biogenetic considerations. Biogenetic pathways for montecrinane and D:B‐friedobaccharane skeletons were proposed and studied by DFT methods. The theoretical results support the energetic feasibility of the putative biogenetic pathways, in which the 1,2‐methyl shift from the secondary baccharenyl cation represents a novel and key reaction step for a new montecrinane skeleton. 相似文献
97.
Ray Nichol Jim Robinson 《International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science & Technology》2013,44(4):495-504
After the invasion and occupation of their land by Europeans, Indigenous Australians were expected to benefit from a Western education system based on that of the dominant Europeans. Gradually educators realized that Aboriginal children learn differently and that Indigenous culture and pedagogy has validity and strength. Of course, educators also need to be acutely aware of the diversity of Indigenous cultures in Australia and that there is not a monolithic sense of Aboriginal identity or Aboriginal pedagogy. Dispossession and alienation, poor health and few employment opportunities must also affect educational interest, attendance, application and performance. In this paper the characteristics of Indigenous learners are examined and pedagogical strategies to assist in both students' learning and teachers' delivery are explored. The message conveyed in this paper has particular relevance for teaching mathematics to Aboriginal learners. It is also of considerable value in teaching mathematics to nonAboriginal students, in Australia and elsewhere. 相似文献
98.
99.
X. Hernandez M. A. Jiménez C. Allen 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2012,72(2):1884
Modified gravity scenarios where a change of regime appears at acceleration scales a<a
0 have been proposed. Since for 1M
⊙ systems the acceleration drops below a
0 at scales of around 7000 AU, a statistical survey of wide binaries with relative velocities and separations reaching 104 AU and beyond should prove useful to the above debate. We apply the proposed test to the best currently available data. Results
show a constant upper limit to the relative velocities in wide binaries which is independent of separation for over three
orders of magnitude, in analogy with galactic flat rotation curves in the same a<a
0 acceleration regime. Our results are suggestive of a breakdown of Kepler’s third law beyond a≈a
0 scales, in accordance with generic predictions of modified gravity theories designed not to require any dark matter at galactic
scales and beyond. 相似文献
100.
Stuart Lipsitz Garrett Fitzmaurice Debajyoti Sinha Nathanael Hevelone Jim Hu Louis L. Nguyen 《Journal of computational and graphical statistics》2017,26(3):734-737
Medical studies increasingly involve a large sample of independent clusters, where the cluster sizes are also large. Our motivating example from the 2010 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) has 8,001,068 patients and 1049 clusters, with average cluster size of 7627. Consistent parameter estimates can be obtained naively assuming independence, which are inefficient when the intra-cluster correlation (ICC) is high. Efficient generalized estimating equations (GEE) incorporate the ICC and sum all pairs of observations within a cluster when estimating the ICC. For the 2010 NIS, there are 92.6 billion pairs of observations, making summation of pairs computationally prohibitive. We propose a one-step GEE estimator that (1) matches the asymptotic efficiency of the fully iterated GEE; (2) uses a simpler formula to estimate the ICC that avoids summing over all pairs; and (3) completely avoids matrix multiplications and inversions. These three features make the proposed estimator much less computationally intensive, especially with large cluster sizes. A unique contribution of this article is that it expresses the GEE estimating equations incorporating the ICC as a simple sum of vectors and scalars. 相似文献