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21.
We extend the previously found accelerated Kerr-Schild metrics for Einstein-Maxwell-null dust and Einstein-Born-Infeld-null dust equations to the cases including the cosmological constant. This way we obtain the generalization of the charged de Sitter metrics in static space-times. We also give a generalization of the zero acceleration limit of our previous Einstein-Maxwell and Einstein-Born-Infeld solutions. 相似文献
22.
The diffraction of a plane wave incident on a thick hologram at the first and second Bragg angles in the process of nonlinear recording is analyzed using the coupled-wave equations. It is shown that, in this case, the two-wave approximation with the use of effective modulation amplitudes of the refractive index, n 1ef and n 2ef, can be applied. Analytical dependences of n 1ef and n 2ef on the modulation amplitudes of the refractive index n 1 and n 2 at the fundamental and doubled spatial frequencies are obtained and the criteria of their applicability are determined. The dependences found are used to calculate the parameters of gratings recorded in a photopolymeric material. 相似文献
23.
Maria G. Semenova Larisa E. Belyakova Anna S. Antipova Yu. N. Polikarpov Lida Klouda Anna Markovic Michael M. Il'in 《Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces》2003,31(1-4):47-54
We report on the effect of commercially important polysaccharides (maltodextrins with variable dextrose equivalent (Paselli SA-2, MD-6 and MD-10) on the surface activity at the air–water interface of small-molecule surfactants (sms), possessing different hydrophobic–lipophilic balance ((SSL (Na+), the main component is a sodium salt of stearol–lactoyl lactic acid, and PGE (080), polyglycerol ester of C18 fatty acid), and widely used in food products. A marked change of the surface activity of sms was found in the presence of maltodextrins by tensiometry. The combined data of laser multiangle light scattering and mixing calorimetry have suggested that this result is governed by specific complex formation between maltodextrins and sms in aqueous medium. Measurements have been made of the molar mass, the second virial coefficient and the enthalpy of intermolecular interactions in aqueous solutions. The implication of a degree of polymerization of maltodextrins in this phenomenon was shown. The interrelation between the molecular parameters of the formed complexes and their surface activity at the air–water interface has been revealed and discussed. 相似文献
24.
Maria Manfredini Andrea Pascucci 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2003,131(4):1115-1120
We prove some maximum and gradient estimates for classical solutions to a wide class of quasilinear degenerate parabolic equations, including first order ones. The proof is elementary and exploits the smallness of the domain in the time direction.
25.
Marcos Almeida Bezerra Sérgio Mitihiro do Nascimento Maêda Eliane Padua Oliveira Maria de Fátima Batista de Carvalho Ricardo Erthal Santelli 《Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy》2007
In the present paper a procedure is proposed for the determination of traces of Cd, Co, Mn and Cr in petroleum industry produced water by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The procedure is based on cloud point extraction of these metals, as their dithizonate complexes, into the surfactant-rich phase of octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol surfactant (Triton X-114). Extractions were carried out in solutions with salinities between 10‰ and 70‰. Since residual salinity in the surfactant-rich phase caused differences in its transport to the plasma, yttrium was used as an internal standard to correct for this effect. The simultaneous metal extraction procedure was optimized by response surface methodology using a Doehlert design and desirability function. Enhancement factors of 21, 21, 9 and 19, along with limits of quantification of 0.093, 0.20, 0.73 and 1.2 μg L− 1, and precision expressed as relative standard deviation (n = 8, 20.0 μg L− 1) of 5.8, 1.2, 1.7 and 5.7% were obtained for Cd, Co, Mn and Cr, respectively. The accuracy was evaluated by spike recovery tests on the high salinity water samples with salinity of 40 and 63‰. 相似文献
26.
René Meziat Diego Patiño Pablo Pedregal 《Computational Optimization and Applications》2007,38(1):147-171
We propose an alternative method for computing effectively the solution of non-linear, fixed-terminal-time, optimal control
problems when they are given in Lagrange, Bolza or Mayer forms. This method works well when the nonlinearities in the control
variable can be expressed as polynomials. The essential of this proposal is the transformation of a non-linear, non-convex
optimal control problem into an equivalent optimal control problem with linear and convex structure. The method is based on
global optimization of polynomials by the method of moments. With this method we can determine either the existence or lacking
of minimizers. In addition, we can calculate generalized solutions when the original problem lacks of minimizers. We also
present the numerical schemes to solve several examples arising in science and technology. 相似文献
27.
Isothermal vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data, at 25° C were determined by a saturation method for each of the six methanol or methyl acetate binary systems with dichloromethane, chloroform, and 1,2-trans-dichloroethylene. The experimental data satisfy the Redlich-Kister consistency test, and were correlated with five Gibbs free energy models. All the binary mixtures of methanol with the chlorinated compounds exhibit strong positive deviations from ideality while the mixtures of methyl acetate with the chlorinated compounds present negative deviations from ideal behavior.Communicated at the Festsymposium celebrating Dr. Henry V. Kehiaian's 60th birthday, Clermont-Ferrand, France, 17–18 May 1990. 相似文献
28.
The equilibrium statistical volume distribution in foams, which has been previously demonstrated to be the so-called log-normal, is accounted on probability grounds by a scaling law on the bubble's volume time-evolution. This law states that the conditional probability for a given bubble to have the volume v(t + Δt), he assumption that it was v(t), to depend solely on the relationship v(t + Δt)/v(t), and in particular, to be independent of the time t. The theoretical results, however, allow to go further. Indeed, since the time dependece of its parameters (expectation and variance) are given functions of time, only two parameters are necessary to describe completely the foam. 相似文献
29.
Jaime E. Muñoz Rivera Maria Grazia Naso 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》2007,326(1):691-707
We study the asymptotic behavior of the solutions of a class of linear dissipative integral differential equations. We show in the abstract setting a necessary and sufficient condition to get an exponential decay of the solution. In the case of the lack of exponential decay, we find the polynomial rate of decay of the solution. Some examples are given. 相似文献
30.
Giovanni Tartarini Alessandra Lena Davide Passaro Lorenzo Rosa Stefano Selleri Pier Faccin Enrico Maria Fabbri 《Optical and Quantum Electronics》2006,38(9-11):869-876
A comprehensive numerical tool has been developed for the evaluation of the performances of Radio over Fiber (RoF) links intended for wireless signal distribution.At the transmitter end an appropriate set of rate equations allows to model the optical source as a solitary laser or as an appropriately injection locked laser. The optical channel is modeled putting into account the combined effect of fiber dispersion, laser source non ideal performances (e.g. non-linear effects, frequency chirp), and quadratic detection of the receiving photodiode. The simulation model developed can be a useful tool at the design stage allowing a preliminary evaluation of the characteristics of real RoF links. 相似文献