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21.
M. Letizia Ciavatta Emiliano Manzo Guido Villani Margherita Gavagnin 《Tetrahedron》2010,66(38):7533-1979
Five new unsaturated 2-amino-3-alcohols, crucigasterins A-E (2-6), were isolated together with known related compound 7 from the Mediterranean ascidian Pseudodistoma crucigaster and characterised as diacetyl derivatives (2a-6a) by spectroscopic methods. The threo-relative configuration of the amino alcohol portion was inferred by NOE analysis of the oxazolidinone derivative of crucigasterin A (2) as well as by 13C NMR comparison with synthetic threo and erythro model compounds. The co-occurring metabolites were assumed to have the same relative configuration as 2 by comparison of the diagnostic carbon value of C-1. The absolute stereochemistry of compound 7 that had not been previously reported was determined by applying the modified Mosher’s method on the corresponding N-acetyl derivative. The same absolute configuration was suggested for the other co-occurring crucigasterins by biogenetic considerations. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of selected crucigasterins were also evaluated. 相似文献
22.
23.
Margherita De Rosa 《Tetrahedron》2010,66(16):2981-5955
A combination of water and microwave irradiation was used for the first time to perform a catalyst-free nitro-Michael addition of pyrroles and indoles. Under superheated conditions, the water trends to ionize by changing its chemical and physical properties. Therefore, we performed a new green-protocol using the water either as environmentally no harm solvent or as catalyst. The reaction success is independent from the kind of pyrrole, indole or nitroalkenes rapidly affording the corresponding adducts and giving excellent yields. 相似文献
24.
Margherita Bernardeschi Patrizia Guidi Vittoria Scarcelli Giada Frenzilli Marco Nigro 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2010,396(2):619-623
Titanium dioxide is extensively used in a variety of products, including industrial materials and cosmetics. Studies mainly
performed on human cell lines and in vivo exposure on experimental animals have raised concern about the toxic effects of
ultrafine titanium dioxide; however, scarce information is available about its impact on aquatic life. The aim of this article
was to assess the genotoxic potential of TiO2 (anatase and rutile) on bottlenose dolphin leukocytes. Blood samples were obtained from four male and one female specimens
reared at the Adriatic SeaWorld “Oltremare” (Riccione, Italy). Leukocytes were isolated by the lyses procedure and in vitro
exposed to TiO2 in RPMI. Experimental solutions were sonicated immediately before dosing the cells. Three exposure times (4, 24 and 48 h)
and three doses (20, 50 and 100 μg/ml) were tested. Genotoxicity was detected by the single-cell gel electrophoresis (or comet
assay) at pH ≥ 13, assessing single/double-strand breaks and alkali-labile sites. Cytotoxicity was also detected by the Trypan
blue exclusion method. Results showed that both the crystalline forms of TiO2 were genotoxic for bottlenose dolphin leukocytes, with a statistically significant increase of DNA fragmentation after exposure
to 50 and 100 μg/ml for 24 and 48 h. Although preliminary, these are the first data regarding the genetic susceptibility of
toothed cetaceans toward an “emerging” pollutant, such as TiO2 particles. 相似文献
25.
Carbone M Li Y Irace C Mollo E Castelluccio F Di Pascale A Cimino G Santamaria R Guo YW Gavagnin M 《Organic letters》2011,13(10):2516-2519
Two indole alkaloids, phidianidines A (1) and B (2), exhibiting an uncommon 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring linked to the indole system, have been isolated from the marine opisthobranch mollusk Phidiana militaris. The structures of the two metabolites have been elucidated by spectroscopic techniques. Phidianidines exhibit high cytotoxicity against tumor and nontumor mammalian cell lines in in vitro assays. 相似文献
26.
Antognazza MR Scotognella F Miszta K Dorfs D Zanella M Zavelani-Rossi M Manna L Lanzani G Tassone F 《Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP》2011,13(33):15326-15330
Colloidal branched nanocrystals have been attracting increasing attention due to evidence of an interesting relationship between their complex shape and charge carrier dynamics. Herein, continuous wave photoinduced absorption (CW PIA) measurements of CdSe/CdS octapod-shaped nanocrystals are reported. CW PIA spectra show strong bleaching due to the one-dimensional (1D) CdS pod states (480 nm) and the zero-dimensional (0D) CdSe core states (690 nm). The agreement with previously reported ultrafast pump-probe experiments indicates that this strong bleaching signal may be assigned to state filling. Additional bleaching features at 520 and 560 nm are characterized by a longer lifetime and are thus ascribed to defect states, localized at the pod-core interface of the octapod, showing that some of the initially photogenerated carriers get quickly trapped into these long-lived defect states. However, we remark that a relevant part of electrons remain untrapped: this opens up the opportunity to exploit octapod shaped nanocrystals in photovoltaics applications, as electron acceptor materials, considering that several efficient hole extracting materials are already available for the realization of a composite bulk heterojunction. 相似文献
27.
Bolognesi M Sánchez-Díaz A Ajuria J Pacios R Palomares E 《Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP》2011,13(13):6105-6109
Organic polymer solar cells (OPSCs) have been prepared using TiO(x) metal oxides as selective electrodes for electron collection. The interfacial charge transfer reactions, under working conditions, that limit the energy conversion efficiency of these devices have been measured and compared to the standard OPSC geometry which collects the electrons through a low work function metal contact. 相似文献
28.
Francesca Cioffi Paolo Lella Maria Grazia Marinari Margherita Roggero 《Discrete Mathematics》2011,(20):2238
Using results obtained from a study of homogeneous ideals sharing the same initial ideal with respect to some term order, we prove the singularity of the point corresponding to a segment ideal with respect to a degreverse term order (as, for example, the degrevlex order) in the Hilbert scheme of points in Pn. In this context, we look into the properties of several types of “segment” ideals that we define and compare. This study also leads us to focus on the connections between the shape of generators of Borel ideals and the related Hilbert polynomial, thus providing an algorithm for computing all saturated Borel ideals with a given Hilbert polynomial. 相似文献
29.
In this paper we are interested in gaining local stability insights about the interior equilibria of delay models arising in biomathematics. The models share the property that the corresponding characteristic equations involve delay-dependent coefficients. The presence of such dependence requires the use of suitable criteria which usually makes the analytical work harder so that numerical techniques must be used. Most existing methods for studying stability switching of equilibria fail when applied to such a class of delay models. To this aim, an efficient criterion for stability switches was recently introduced in [E. Beretta, Y. Kuang, Geometric stability switch criteria in delay differential systems with delay dependent parameters, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 33 (2002) 1144–1165] and extended [E. Beretta, Y. Tang, Extension of a geometric stability switch criterion, Funkcial Ekvac 46(3) (2003) 337–361]. We describe how to numerically detect the instability regions of positive equilibria by using such a criterion, considering both discrete and distributed delay models. 相似文献
30.
Margherita Barile Gennady Lyubeznik 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(11):3199-3209
We describe a class of toric varieties which are set-theoretic complete intersections only over fields of one positive characteristic .