Study of Heat Transport in Bénard-Darcy Convection with g-Jitter and Thermo-Mechanical Anisotropy in Variable Viscosity Liquids

The effects of temperature-dependent viscosity, gravity modulation and thermo-mechanical anisotropies on heat transport in a low-porosity medium are studied using the Ginzburg–Landau model. The effect of gravity modulation is to decrease the Nusselt number, Nu and variable viscosity leads to increase in Nu. The thermo-mechanical anisotropies have opposite effect on Nu with thermal anisotropy decreasing the heat transport.     

A Note on the Legendre Series Solution of the Biharmonic Equation for Cylindrical Problems

The solution of cylindrical problems is addressed. A series solution is considered of the biharmonic equation, in which the series terms of the stress function Φ are expressions based upon Legendre polynomials and logarithmically singular functions. An explicit form of a polynomial supplementing each logarithmically singular part of the series solution is obtained.     

An Incompressible Fluid in a Weakly Deformable Shell. Part I: Analysis of the Model

We consider the flow of a viscous incompressible fluid in a pipe when the boundary is a deformable shell of Naghdi type. We prove that the corresponding system of partial differential equations has a solution when the deformation of the shell is smooth and small enough. We propose an algorithm that uncouples the unknowns and prove its convergence.     

Nonlinear analysis of laser droplet generation by means of 0–1 test for chaos

We apply the recently improved version of the 0–1 test for chaos to real experimental time series of laser droplet generation process. In particular two marginal regimes of dripping are considered: spontaneous and forced dripping. The outcomes of the test reveal that both spontaneous and forced dripping time series can be characterized as chaotic, which coincides with the previous analysis based on nonlinear time series analysis.     

Spectroscopic properties of the photoproducts of pyridoxal-5′-P irradiation: Catalytic site recognition of ribonuclease A

Photoproducts of pyridoxal-5-P, i.e., 4-pyridoxic-5-P and bis-pyridoxal-5-P, have been studied by spectroscopic methods. The spectroscopic properties of bis-pyridoxal-5-P (bis-PLP) resemble those of pyridoxal-5-P (PLP) under similar experimental conditions. The coupling of methylen hydrogens to the phosphorus atom has been shown by NMR spectroscopy. The singlet in the³¹P-NMR spectra and the triplet in¹H-undecoupled experiments confirm the presence of the phosphate group in the 5 position of the structure of the vitamin. The effect of pH and solvent composition on the relative distribution of species of bis-pyridoxine-5-P (bis-PNP) has been investigated by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The acid-base dissociation of the phosphate group is easily detected by emission spectroscopy. Bis-PNP and bis-PLP bind to the enzyme RNase A and they behave as competitive inhibitors with respect to the substrate cytidine-2-3-cyclic phosphate. The natural forms of vitamin B₆, pyridoxine, and pyridoxine-5-P have no effect on the catalytic activity of the protein. Experimental evidence derived from fluorescence and inhibition experiments is consistent with the hypothesis that bis-PNP recognizes the catalytic site of RNase A.     

A Lot-sizing Model for Just-in-time Manufacturing

We consider the problem of determining lot sizes of multiple items that are manufactured by a single capacitated facility. The manufacturing facility may represent a bottleneck processing activity on the shop floor or a storeroom that provides components to the shop floor. Items flow from the facility to a downstream facility, where they are assembled according to a specified mix. Just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing requires a balanced flow of items, in the proper mix, between successive facilities. Our model determines lot sizes of the various items based on available capacity and four attributes of each item: demand rate, holding cost, set-up time and processing time. Holding costs for each item accrue until the appropriate mix of items is available for shipment downstream. We develop a lot-sizing heuristic that minimizes total holding cost per time unit over all items, subject to capacity availability and the required mix of items.     

Developing and Maintaining an Equity Index Fund

An index fund is a portfolio of shares designed to replicate the investment performance of a market index. The index represents the behaviour of the market as a whole. This paper describes the selection of an index fund which minimizes expected tracking error. Using a multivariate model of returns on shares, a development of a univariate model by Taylor, the selection problem is formulated as a quadratic programme. The effects of various constraints on tracking error are demonstrated. Several policies for the readjustment of a fund are examined in the context of the differing objectives of fund managers. As a general rule, regular readjustment is shown to be a more expensive policy than irregular updating.     

Scheduling Parts in a Combined Production-transportation Work Cell

This paper is concerned with a combined production-transportation scheduling problem. The problem comprises a simple, two-machine, automated manufacturing cell, which either stands alone or is a subunit of a complete flexible manufacturing system. The cell consists of two machines in series with a dedicated part-handling device such as a crane or robotic arm for transferring parts from the first machine to the second. The loading of a new piece on the first machine and the ejection of a finished piece from the second machine are performed by dedicated automated mechanisms. The introduction of parts into the system is done n at a time, whereby the parts are reshuffled into a sequence that minimizes completion time. All processing and transfer times are considered deterministic—a reasonable assumption for a cell comprising a robotic transfer device and two CNC machining units. What complicates the problem is the assumption of a non-negligible time for the transfer device to return (empty) from the second machine to the first. The operation is a generalization of a two-machine flowshop problem, and is formulated as a specially structured, asymmetric travelling salesman problem. An approximate polynomial time 0(n log n) algorithm is proffered. The procedure incorporates a lower bound using the Gilmore–Gomory algorithm for the no-wait, two-machine flowshop problem.     

A posteriori error estimates for optimal control problems governed by parabolic equations

Summary. In this paper, we derive a posteriori error estimates for the finite element approximation of quadratic optimal control problem governed by linear parabolic equation. We obtain a posteriori error estimates for both the state and the control approximation. Such estimates, which are apparently not available in the literature, are an important step towards developing reliable adaptive finite element approximation schemes for the control problem. Received July 7, 2000 / Revised version received January 22, 2001 / Published online January 30, 2002 RID="*" ID="*" Supported by EPSRC research grant GR/R31980