Effect of Wavefront Properties on Numerical Aperture of Fresnel Hologram in Incoherent Holographic Microscopy

Fresnel incoherent correlation holographic （FINCH） microscopy is a recently developed new technique, which employs a spatial light modulator （SLM） as the beam splitter. Light originating from the same object point is split into two beams by the wavefront-division phase mask displayed on SLM, and a Fresnel-zone plate-like hologram is formed by the interference of the two beams. The numerical aperture NAH of the recorded Fresnel hologram is introduced as a comprehensive parameter for evaluating the imaging characteristics in the FINCH scheme. The effect of wavefront properties on NAH of the hologram is investigated theoretically in the sense of optimizing imaging resolution. The variation trends of NAH are described and an optimal NAH is achieved by implementing an appropriate phase mask for a given recording distance between SLM and CCD; thus optimized imaging resolution and signal-to-noise ratio are demonstrated experimentally.     

智能车辆捷联视线稳定跟踪平台设计与实现

基于智能车辆环境识别传感器系统的特点,设计了隔离车体角运动,提供稳定传感器视线给智能车辆环境识别传感器系统的捷联稳定跟踪平台系统.详细分析了稳定平台系统的机械结构、伺服机构和捷联稳定算法,实时通信测试和动态性能检测试验表明,车载捷联视线稳定跟踪平台系统的设计满足智能车辆使用要求,为智能车辆的自主驾驶奠定了应用基础.     

ZSM-5分子筛催化剂稳定性的研究

为观察C₄烯烃转化制丙烯过程中影响催化剂稳定性的因素，对经历不同反应时间（即新鲜、反应48h、反应650h、反应650h后再生和再生后再进行反应48h）的系列ZSM-5分子筛催化剂进行了表征。结果表明，经历长期反应后，催化剂微孔体积和BJH吸附累积孔体积明显降低；再生后，孔体积可以恢复到新鲜催化剂的初始值。与此同时，NH₃-TPD酸量不仅降低，而且再生后也不能得到恢复。与高温水蒸气处理的催化剂相比较，²7Al MAS NMR表征结果说明，积炭因素对催化剂孔体积的影响可通过再生消除，而分子筛骨架铝丢失和分子筛晶胞参数的降低对催化剂酸量的持续减少起主要作用。长期在高温水蒸气条件下运行后，催化剂酸量可维持在一定水平，使催化剂长期稳定运行成为可能。     

Investigation of electronic and ionic transport properties in α-MoO3 cathode material by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) for lithium ion insertion and extraction in α-MoO₃ cathode material were obtained at different potentials during initial discharge–charge cycle. A significant “three semicircles” were obtained at 0.5 V in the Nyquist diagram, and were assigned to lithium ion migration through solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film, the electronic properties of the material as well as charge transfer step, respectively. An equivalent circuit that includes elements related to the electronic and ionic transport, in addition to the charge transfer process, is proposed to simulate the experimental EIS data. The variations of the resistance of SEI film, the electronic conductivity of the material and the resistance of charge transfer along with the increase and decrease of electrode polarization potential were quantitatively analyzed, and the reasonable explanation is given. Furthermore, the chemical diffusion coefficients of lithium ion in α-MoO₃ cathode material were calculated.     

Solomon echoes for spin 7/2 by soft pulse excitation

Solomon echoes are calculated for spin 7/2 in solids taking into account the first-order quadrupolar interaction while the pulses are on. The computation is performed using the algebraic computer program ‘MAPLE’. Fifteen echoes are predicted and the amplitude of each echo is calculated. Each satellite transition produces five echoes whereas no echo is detected for the central transition. Among these echoes, six are ‘forbidden’ which are a result of the refocusing of exclusively multiple quantum coherences which are developed during the first pulse. These echoes cannot be predicted by a calculation based upon ‘hard’ pulse excitation. The results are valid for any ratio of the quadrupolar coupling to the frequency of the RF field (ω_Q/ω₁).     

MWPCVD低温合成纳米碳管的生长机理

The synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at low temperature has received a great deal of attention and be-comes a challenging issue. But few model which accounts for the growth of CNTs is suited for the synthesis of CNTs by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MWPCVD) at low temperature because most researchers conclude that the growth mechanism is determined by the catalyst-supporter interaction while ignored the diffusion of carbon in the catalyst. In this paper, under the catalytic effect of cobalt supported by SiO₂ and Al₂O₃, CNTs are synthe-sized by MWPCVD at about 500℃, and tip-growth, the model which accounts for the catalytic growth of CNTs is outlined. It is the temperature difference between the upper and bottom of the catalytic particle that results in the diffusion of carbon atoms from upper to the bottom, and precipitation of saturated carbon on the bottom surface to form CNTs.     

帽状铝纳米粒子的制备及表面等离子共振特性

金属纳米材料具有许多独特的物理和化学性质,其中一个重要的光学性质就是表面等离子共振,然而在大多数情况下,金属纳米粒子表面等离子共振所产生的吸收峰被限制在相对狭小的范围内,很难进行调谐。近年来,以电介质为核金属为壳的核壳结构复合纳米材料成功的解决了这一问题,通过设计和剪裁内核的直径与外壳层厚度的比值,可以实现光学性质可调的特性[1～5]。此类复合材料可被广泛应用于光催化、传感器、光信息存储、生物光子学、生物医学等领域[6～11]。美国莱斯大学及德州的研究人员利用这类核壳结构纳米材料成功地实现了对体外乳腺肿瘤的杀灭实验[12]。在这种类型的材料中,对称性降低的即不完全包裹的纳米粒子如杯状[13]、帽状[13,14]、半球壳状[15]、月牙状[16]等核壳结构复合粒子由     

水热法制备LaF3:Ce,Tb纳米荧光粉及发光性质研究

利用水热法制备了LaF3∶Ce,Tb纳米荧光粉,分别用XRD,TEM和发光光谱等测试手段对粉末的物相、形貌、发光性质进行了研究.XRD和TEM结果表明:所得的纳米荧光粉粒度均匀、结晶完好,呈规则的六边形形状,颗粒平均尺寸为30 nm,掺人Ce3 和Tb3 ,杂质后晶格结构没有变化.发光光谱的测试表明:Ce3 呈现其宽带发射;Tb3 呈现其特征绿色发射,最强峰位于544 nm处.Ce3 的掺入有效敏化了Tb3 的发光,通过进一步光谱分析证实了在LaF3∶Ce,Tb体系中存在Ce3 →Tb3 的能量传递过程.当Ce3 和Tb3 掺杂摩尔浓度分别为35 mol%和5 mol%时具有最强荧光发射.制备的样品无需煅烧即可获得比体相材料高2倍的荧光,也高于优化条件下煅烧样品的荧光.     

C20与Si(100)-(2×1)重构表面相互作用的计算机模拟研究

用分子动力学的方法模拟研究了低能C20与Si(100)-(2×1)重构表面的相互作用过程.将描述C、Si结构的Tersoff势和描述原子间短程排斥的KrC势相结合,建立了一个混合势作为原子间的相互作用模型.荷能C20垂直轰击到Si(100)-(2×1)表面后,由于在<110>方向受到非对称力场的作用而产生横向的集体运动,改变的入射能量导致C20与Si(100)-(2×1)表面最接近的垂直距离不同,从而受到不同的横向力场的作用而产生不同的表面运动特性.C20能量耗尽后稳定吸附在Si(100)-(2×1)表面,且只有两个稳定吸附位置,即二聚体(dimer)和"峡谷"(trough)位,这两个吸附位置的存在可用C20与Si(100)-(2×1)表面之间非对称的表面力场分布来定性解释.最终C20与Si(100)-(2×1)表面有强烈的化学键形成.模拟结果与STM的实验观察结果进行了比较.