全文获取类型
收费全文 | 124215篇 |
免费 | 842篇 |
国内免费 | 974篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 89956篇 |
晶体学 | 28篇 |
力学 | 708篇 |
综合类 | 273篇 |
数学 | 1024篇 |
物理学 | 34042篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 84篇 |
2022年 | 101篇 |
2021年 | 104篇 |
2020年 | 91篇 |
2019年 | 89篇 |
2018年 | 93篇 |
2017年 | 57篇 |
2016年 | 162篇 |
2015年 | 106篇 |
2014年 | 219篇 |
2013年 | 210篇 |
2012年 | 11109篇 |
2011年 | 15761篇 |
2010年 | 2578篇 |
2009年 | 611篇 |
2008年 | 11915篇 |
2007年 | 12037篇 |
2006年 | 12282篇 |
2005年 | 11813篇 |
2004年 | 9231篇 |
2003年 | 6894篇 |
2002年 | 5929篇 |
2001年 | 3858篇 |
2000年 | 4769篇 |
1999年 | 1077篇 |
1998年 | 410篇 |
1997年 | 350篇 |
1996年 | 1788篇 |
1995年 | 1223篇 |
1994年 | 1602篇 |
1993年 | 2203篇 |
1992年 | 1928篇 |
1991年 | 775篇 |
1990年 | 747篇 |
1989年 | 612篇 |
1988年 | 514篇 |
1987年 | 489篇 |
1986年 | 552篇 |
1985年 | 470篇 |
1984年 | 96篇 |
1983年 | 81篇 |
1982年 | 49篇 |
1981年 | 65篇 |
1980年 | 54篇 |
1979年 | 64篇 |
1976年 | 46篇 |
1975年 | 64篇 |
1972年 | 48篇 |
1958年 | 68篇 |
1948年 | 102篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
21.
在Linux操作平台下应用FAST_wmg有限元前后处理软件对机械密封焊接金属波纹管膜片建立了有限元模型并进行了非线性有限元分析.在同等条件下对焊接金属波纹管采用了S型膜片和V型膜片,并分别进行了有限元强度评价和对比分析.结果表明,两种膜片最大应力集中都在膜片两端周围发生.这与文献所叙述的波纹管的主要失效发生在膜片两端与焊谷接近的部位非常吻合,但是,在同样边界条件下,在同样位移量时S型膜片最大应力值比V型膜片最大应力值小,压缩量大. 相似文献
22.
Jindun Liu A. J. B. Kemperman G. H. Koops M. Wessling 《中国颗粒学报》2006,4(2):98-102
A novel method of fabricating composite mosaic membranes was studied on the basis of interracial polymerization (IP) by coating a thin selective layer onto the surface of a micro-porous hollow-fiber membrane, in which, 2,5-diaminobenzene sulfonic acid was used as one monomer of the IP reaction, and a mixture of trimesoyl chloride (TMCI) and 4-(chloromethyl) benzoyl chloride as the other monomer. Through the IP reaction a thin selective layer with negatively charged groups could be first formed on the polyethersulfone (PES) support membrane. Then trimethylamine solution was introduced to modify the IP layer through a quaternization reaction. Thus the selective layer of this composite membrane contained both negatively charged and positively charged groups to perform the mosaic functionality. Characterization of the composite mosaic membranes was carried out through permeation experiments using different inorganic salts and dyes. The experimental results showed that the membranes could permeate both mono- and bi-valent inorganic salts, but reject larger organic molecules. Such a mosaic membrane is potentially useful for the separation of salts from water-soluble organics, especially in dye and textile industries. 相似文献
23.
The thermal conduction and Navier-Stokes equations are usedto obtain the stress field generated by a chopped electron beam incident ona disk sample.The piezoelectric equation is then used to obtain the out-put signal of the transducer coupled to the sample.The results lead to aconsideration of the signal generation mechanism and spatial resolution inscanning electron acoustic microscopy(SEAM).It is shown that atime-variant heat source generated both a thermal wave and an acousticwave simultaneously,and thermal-to-acoustic wave mode conversion oc-cured on the boundary surfaces depends on the amplitudes and the gra-dients at boundary surfaces of both heat source and thermal waves.It isargued that the spatial resolution of a imaging system operated in thenear field,such as SEAM and thermal wave microscope,is dependent onthe distance between the heat source and scatterer and,at best,the lateralresolution in SEAM is of the order of the diameter of the focal spot ofthe electron beam. 相似文献
24.
本文讨论了高效液相色谱死体积的定义和如何以吉布斯热力学理论为基础对其测定。推荐的热力学理论方法能应用于任何一种液相色谱方法,如正相、反相、离子交换、甚至体积排斥色谱。提出了一种能在整个浓度范围内准确计算流动相组分干扰峰死体积的方法。对某些化合物容量因子出现负值也作了解释。 相似文献
25.
26.
M.I.Gil' 《Annals of Differential Equations》2004,20(2):145-154
The nonlocal initial problem for nonlinear nonautonomous evolution equati-ons in a Banach space is considered. It is assumed that the nonlinearities havethe local Lipschitz properties. The existence and uniqueness of mild solutionsare proved. Applications to integro-differential equations are discussed.The main tool in the paper is the normalizing mapping (the generalizednorm). 相似文献
27.
Confined thin film melt polymerization (CTFMP) of naphthalene chloride/hydroquinone (NCMQ, 1/1, molar)mixtures at polymerization temperatures (T_p) below ca. 300℃ resulted in relatively thick, elongated crystals. Polymerizationof NC/HQ above 300℃ between glass yielded well-formed lamellar crystals ca. 100 A thick. Phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ [001] EDpatterns were obtained for all T_p, the relative amount of phase Ⅰ increasing with T_p. Polymerization of naphthalenedicarboxylic acid/hydroquinione diacetate 1/1 mixtures at high T_p also yielded lamellar crystals that "curled up" off of thesubstrate. When the high temperature CTFMP polymerization was conducted between mica, aggregates of lamellae on-edgedeveloped but epitaxial growth did not occur. Epitaxial growth of lamellae between mica could be obtained, however, byconfined thin film solution polymerization, with both of the latter samples yielding apparently related ED patterns from adifferent unit cell than phase Ⅰ or Ⅱ. Fiber patterns, obtained from sheared samples, indicated considerably greater crystaldisorder than in the nascent crystals. Refinement of the phase Ⅰ unit cell parameters, based on the [001] and [01 1] EDpatterns, with modeling based on Cerius~2, suggests a monoclinic phase Ⅰ unit cell with a = 7.76, b = 5.71, c = 14.99 A, α = γ= 90°, β= 99.7°, ρ = 1.47 g/cm~3, space group P12_1/al. 相似文献
28.
C.M.Lin C.T. Chia Y.J. Shu Y.K. Tseng 《光散射学报》2005,17(3):216-218
Weperformedthehigh-pressureRaman measurementofthethreenanosizedZnOcrystals. Wefoundthesmallerthesize,thehigherthe pressuretoinducethephasetransitionfrom w櫣rzitetorock-saltstructure. High-pressureRamanmeasurementsof nona-shapedZnOcrystalswerepreformed.The… 相似文献
29.
Solichová D Melichar B Klejna M Jurašková B Královská L Bláha V Zd'ánský P Zadák Z 《Talanta》2003,60(2-3):459-465
Twelve self-sustaining nonagenarians, 10 women and two men, aged 94+/-3 years, and eight institutionalised nonagenarians, eight women, aged 91+/-1 year as well as 11 control subjects, seven women and four men, aged 84+/-5 years entered the study. Urinary neopterin, an indicator of systemic immune activation, and serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), a marker of lipoperoxidation, were determined initially, and collection of the blood and urine samples was repeated at 3-month interval. Neopterin was measured in the urine specimens by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. A C(18) reversed-phase column 3.3x150 mm, 5 mum-diameter packing Separon SGX was used. Potassium phosphate buffer (15 mmol l(-1), pH 6.4) at flow rate of 0.8 ml min(-1) was used as mobile phase. After centrifugation (5 min, 1300xg) and diluting 100 mul of urine specimens with 1.0 ml of mobile phase containing 2 g of disodium-EDTA per litre, a 20 mul sample was injected on a column. Neopterin was identified by its native fluorescence (353 nm excitation, 438 nm emission). Creatinine was determined by Jaffé kinetic reaction after dilution of sample 1:50 (v/v). The concentration of neopterin in urine was expressed as neopterin/creatinine ratio (mumol mol(-1) creatinine). TBARS were determined spectrofluorometrically using LS-5 spectrofluorimeter (excitation wavelength 528 nm, emission wavelength 558 nm) after extraction with n-butanol treatment with thiobarbituric acid. The significance of differences between nonagenarians and control group was examined by ANOVA-Kruskal-Wallis tests, using statistical software NCSS 6.0.21 (Kaysville, UT, 1996). The decision on significance was based on P=0.05. Urinary neopterin was significantly higher in institutionalised compared to self-sustaining subjects and controls (625+/-565 vs. 203+/-63 mumol mol(-1) creatinine, and 198+/-128 mumol mol(-1) creatinine, respectively, P=0.006). The serum TBARS were higher in both groups of nonagenarians (3.23+/-1.16 mumol l(-1) and 2.69+/-0.39 vs. 2.12+/-0.83 mumol l(-1) for the self-sustaining, institutionalised and controls, respectively, P=0.023). We conclude that the fluorimetric determinations of urinary neopterin and serum TBARS can be useful for the monitoring health status in the elderly patients. 相似文献
30.
曼合布拜·热合木 《新疆大学学报(理工版)》2003,(1)
讨论了一类具有扩散率和 III类功能性反应的非自治捕食系统 ,证明了在适当条件下 ,系统是持久的 ,进一步如果系统是周期系统 ,则在一定条件下存在惟一全局稳定的周期解 . 相似文献