A novel and expeditious method to fabricate superhydrophobic metal carboxylate surface

This article has presented a novel method to fabricate superhydrophobic metal carboxylate surface on substrates like copper, ferrum, etc. This method markedly shortened the fabrication time to less than one second. The superhydrophobic effect is even better that the contact angle (CA) is 170±1° and the sliding angle (SA) <2°. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed micro-nano flower-like structures. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed that the flower-like structures are composed of Cu[CH₃(CH₂)₁₂COO]₂. The ethanol solution containing fatty acid and metal salt plays a key role in this method. This method has tremendous potentials in industrial production of superhydrophobic materials.     

Dual-shunt branch circuit and harmonic suppressed device application

The morphological manipulation, structural characterization, and optical properties of different CdSe nanocrystals were reported. Several different CdSe nanostructures, including nanowires, tetrapod crystals, and nanoparticles were grown by varying the volume ratio of triethylenetetraamine (TETA) and water (WA) in their mixed solution. By manipulating the growth driving force (i.e., the degree of supersaturation) and kinetics of the process (i.e., growth rate), the morphology and crystal structure of CdSe nanocrystals can be tailored. Growth driving force changed their morphology from nanowires to tetrapod structures and from the latter structure to nanoparticles. Moreover, kinetics of the process altered their crystal structure from wurtzite to zinc blende. The optical property of CdSe nanocrystals was investigated using UV-vis spectroscopy. The absorption edge of CdSe nanostructures showed a blue shift. CdSe nanocrystals prepared under optimized conditions showed good microstructural and optical properties for solar cell application.     

Understanding Cr segregation at the He bubble surface in Fe

Although Cr segregation at the free Fe surface is weak, noticeable segregation of Cr at the He bubble surface in Fe has recently been observed. To understand the driving force for Cr segregation, we have carried out first-principles density functional theory calculations on the energetics of solute Cr atoms at the He bubble surface, which was modeled by a Fe/He interface. We find that both the compressive stress produced by the He bubble and the direct interfacial interaction promote Cr segregation from inside the bulk to the bubble surface, along with reduced spin polarization. Electronic structure analyses show that at the Fe/He interface, Cr is more compressible than Fe due to having more empty e(g) orbitals and, accordingly, the Fe surface gets energetically more favorable for Cr than in the bulk. On the other hand, the segregation of Cr increases the charge density at the bubble surface, and thus hinders assimilation of further He atoms.     

采用光谱色散平滑和连续相位板实现靶面均匀辐照的实验研究

为了改善高功率激光装置的靶面辐照均匀性, 在神光-Ⅲ原型装置的一路光上开展了结合光谱色散平滑(SSD) 和连续相位板(CPP)的高通量实验研究．实验基于调制频率9.2 GHz的体相位调制器开展, 输出的相位调制脉冲光谱展宽稳定, 脉冲波形顶部剩余调制很小. 结果表明SSD色循环数为1时预放和主放各级空间滤波器过孔顺利, 包含焦斑95%能量的通量对比度由窄带时的1.71下降到加SSD和CPP时的0.47．三倍频光脉宽1 ns, 能量1115 J时, CPP和终端光学组件元件未见损伤．通过实验解决了在高功率激光装置上采用SSD和CPP进行靶面均匀辐照的若干关键技术, 为将其应用于物理实验奠定了坚实基础.     

W波段损耗介质加载回旋返波振荡器中模式竞争的研究

本文采用自洽非线性理论模型系统研究W波段基波TE₀₁模回旋返波振荡器 模式竞争的物理机理. 通过采用特殊渐变的非谐振互作用结构和加载损耗介质抑制互作用系统中竞争模式, 从而防止系统出现非稳态振荡现象. 通过系统优化的互作用结构可以抑制竞争模式,能够稳定工作在TE₀₁模的轴向基模上. 计算表明系统输出峰值功率105 kW, -3 dB调谐相对带宽为5.4%. 这为发展应用于电子对抗、无损探测、等离子体诊断、材料处理等领域 的宽带毫米回旋返波振荡器提供了理论基础, 具有借鉴意义.     

无线/水声通信浮标技术研究及其实现

本文研究并设计实现了一种用于浅海水声信道多速率通信的无线/水声通信(racom)浮标,介绍了其水声通信和无线通信技术方案和工程设计与实现。本文设计的浮标综合了水声通信、DSP信号处理和无线电通信等技术,也可以用作水声通信/传感网络中的无线/水声通信(racom)网关节点。海上试验验证了本浮标总体设计方案的可行性。海上试验中,浮标无线通信距离达到15.2 km,误码率不大于10 6;除2 kbps速率外,浮标各种速率的水声通信数据传输误码率都小于1%,最大通信作用距离达到9.6 km;同时,试验也验证了浮标与水下运动平台之间的通信功能。     

衬底温度对反应磁控溅射W掺杂ZnO薄膜的微观结构及光电性能的影响

采用直流脉冲反应磁控溅射方法生长W掺杂ZnO（WZO）透明导电氧化物薄膜并研究了衬底温度对薄膜微观结构、组分、表面形貌以及光电性能的影响.实验结果表明,WZO薄膜具有良好的（002）晶面择优取向,且适当的衬底温度是制备优质WZO薄膜的关键因素.随着衬底温度升高,薄膜表面粗糙度先增大后减小;衬底温度较高时,薄膜的结构致密,结晶质量好,电子迁移率高.当衬底温度为325℃时,WZO薄膜获得最低电阻率9.25×10^-3Ω·cm,方块电阻为56.24Ω/□,迁移率为11.8 cm² V^-1·s^-1,其在可见光及近红外区域（400—1500 nm）范围的平均透过率达到85.7%.     

Statistical property of dynamic speckles produced by a rotating cylinder object

高斯光束照射以固定角速度旋转的粗糙圆柱体表面,反射空间形成随着被测表面运动变化的动态散斑.研究了照射面积大于圆柱曲面条件下在远场衍射区形成的动态散斑统计特性,得到了不同入射条件及不同圆柱时动态散斑强度起伏空间-时间归一化相关函数.结果表明:随着圆柱半径、旋转速度以及照射光斑有效面积的增大,动态散斑强度起伏相关性快速减小;当圆柱旋转速度恒定,动态散斑光强起伏相关函数的峰值随着探测点之间距离的增大而减小,但峰值的位置随之而增大;在近似点照射情况下随着圆柱半径的增大空间相关长度基本不变,而相关时间性明显增大.     

均苯三酚改性三聚氰胺-甲醛气凝胶的制备与表征

以三聚氰胺、均苯三酚和甲醛为原料,经过溶胶凝胶、CO2超临界干燥,制备出由均苯三酚改性的最低密度为44 mg/cm3、透明、不易开裂的三聚氰胺-甲醛（MF）气凝胶,利用Materials-Studio软件模拟,结果证明了均苯三酚的引入可以缩短凝胶时间。并采用扫描电镜（SEM）, 红外（FT-IR）, 热重（TGA）对样品进行了表征,测试表明:改性后的MF气凝胶具有由直径30 nm的骨架构成三位连续空间网络结构,孔径约为100 nm,且分布均匀,热性能也有所提高。     

Forces of rails for electromagnetic railguns

In this paper, using electromagnetic theory, the equations for the total magnetic force on the rails are deduced. Besides this, the equations for the changes of the magnetic force along with time and the running position of the armature under jointed pulse operating current are presented. Then, the equations for changes of the bending stress and shear stress in the rail along with time and the running position of the armature are given. Changes of the magnetic force distribution between the two rails along with the running position of the armature and other parameters are investigated. The total electromagnetic forces on the rail under jointed pulse operating current are analyzed. Distribution and changes of the bending stresses in the rail are studied. A number of results are obtained. The results are useful for design and application of the railgun system.