Complex formation and kinematic coupling: complexed ethylene

The hypothetical system of an ethylene-thallium(III)-water complex, C₂H₄-Tl³⁺-H₂O, was used to demonstrate in principle the possibility of kinematic couplings between internal ligand and complex framework vibrations in an organometallic complex.     

Does the supplementation of metal ions modify the intrinsic distribution of element species in food extracts?

Summary A combination is presented of gel permeation chromatography for the separation of proteins with atomic absorption spectrometry for the detection of protein-bound metals. For the evaluation of the effects resulting from sample spiking with free metal ions, flame AAS in the direct coupling mode was used. Besides sample spiking we also evaluated the effects of adding traces of metals to the eluent. The separation material was TSK HW-55(S), the bed volume was 27 ml. The investigations were carried out on the example of an aqueous soybean flour extract that had been characterized before in view of its intrinsic metal distributions. The supplementation experiments were focused on zinc and nickel, both having essential as well as toxic properties. For both metals a selective enhancement of metal concentrations was observed after sample spiking in distinct fractions due to free binding capacities of certain proteins. It was also possible to detect hydrated (free) metal ions. Zinc is bound to the medium molecular weight (MMW) fraction and to the high molecular weight (HMW) fraction, nickel to the HMW fraction only. A depletion of metal ions from the mobile phase was observed in case of the elution of proteins with free binding capacities.Published in extracts as a poster contribution on the occasion of the conference ANAKON 89, Baden-Baden, Federal Republic of Germany     

In vivo study of the inflammatory modulating effects of low-level laser therapy on iNOS expression using bioluminescence imaging

This study was designed to demonstrate that bioluminescence imaging (BLI) can be used as a new tool to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) during in vivo inflammatory process. Here, the efficacy of LLLT in modulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression using different therapeutic wavelengths was determined using transgenic animals with the luciferase gene under control of the iNOS gene expression. Thirty transgenic mice, FVB/N-Tg(iNOS-luc)Xen, were allocated randomly to one of four experimental groups treated with different wavelengths (lambda = 635, 785, 808 and 905 nm) or a control group (nontreated). Inflammation was induced by intra-articular injection of zymosan A in both knee joints. Laser treatment (25 mW cm(-2), 200 s, 5 J cm(-2)) was applied to the knees 15 min after inflammation induction. Measurements of iNOS expression were performed at various times (0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 24 h) by measuring the bioluminescence signal using a highly sensitive charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. The results showed a significant increase in BLI signal after irradiation with 635 nm laser when compared to the nonirradiated animals and the other LLLT-treated groups, indicating wavelength dependence of LLLT effects on iNOS expression during the inflammatory process, and thus demonstrating an action spectrum of iNOS gene expression following LLLT in vivo that can be detected by BLI. Histological analysis was also performed and demonstrated the presence of fewer inflammatory cells in the synovial joints of mice irradiated with 635 nm compared with nonirradiated knee joints.     

Zweireihige Determinanten aus Thetafunktionen

Ohne ZusammenfassungHerrnHellmuth Kneser zum sechzigsten Geburtstag