活性碳纤维/聚氨酯泡沫复合载体的制备及其性能研究

将活性碳纤维与聚氮酯原料混合发泡,制备一种新型活性碳纤维/聚氨酯泡沫复合载体.活性碳纤维的加入提高聚氨酯泡沫的亲水性、孔隙率,改善了聚酯酯泡沫载体生物相容性、化学和生物稳定性 能,延长了聚氨酯泡沫的使用寿命.在活性碳纤维的添加量为3(wt)%～5(wt)%时效果最佳.     

不同晶面Cu2O光催化还原Cr（VI）的性能

Cr(VI)具有高毒性和强诱变致癌性,且能稳定存在于自然界中,对人类和自然环境危害极大.而容易沉淀和吸附在固体上的Cr(III)毒性较小,约为Cr(VI)的千分之一.因此,将Cr(VI)还原为Cr(III)是处理含铬废水的有效途径.光催化还原是一种环境友好的新型技术,基于可见光的催化还原处理含Cr(VI)废水能够在常温常压下进行,具有经济、高效、清洁和无二次污染等特点而受到广泛关注.采用适宜的晶面生长控制剂,调变不同晶面的相对生长速率,可制得暴露不同晶面、具有多种形貌的Cu2O.将这些具有不同晶面的Cu2O用于光催化氧化降解有机污染物的研究表明, Cu2O的光催化氧化性能与其所暴露的晶面密切相关,其表面残留的用作晶面生长控制剂的表面活性剂对其催化性能有重要影响.相对而言,将Cu2O用于光催化还原Cr(VI)的研究较少,关于晶面导向剂油酸对其光催化还原Cr(VI)性能的影响尚未见报道.
　　本文采用液相法,首先合成了仅暴露Cu2O{100}晶面的立方体(Cub),进而通过控制晶面导向剂油酸的用量,制得仅外露Cu2O{111}晶面的八面体(OctO)和仅暴露Cu2O{110}晶面的十二面体(RhdO),继而再将OctO和RhdO在C3H6-O2等混合气中于215 oC处理30 min,通过此温和氧化除去表面油酸,获得了具有洁净表面的八面体(Oct)和十二面体(Rhd)的Cu2O.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等技术对其物性特征进行了表征.在LED可见光辐照下,对比评价了具有不同晶面的Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)的性能,研究了暴露晶面及晶面导向剂油酸等对Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)的影响.
　　XRD研究表明,采用液相法及温和氧化处理可制得纯相的Cu2O,其XRD图中无Cu及CuO等杂峰出现. SEM观测结果表明,所得Cu2O样品形貌均一性较好,采用丙烯选择氧化去除表面油酸后, Cu2O的形貌无明显改变,仅其外表面略有粗化. FT-IR分析进一步说明,去除表面油酸后,其物相仍为Cu2O,没有出现CuO的红外特征吸收.
　　动力学研究结果显示, Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)具有准一级反应动力学特征,晶面导向剂油酸的存在能够在一定程度上减缓光腐蚀和酸腐蚀,有助于较长时间内保持Cu2O光催化还原活性,而对Cu2O光催化速率没有影响.以单位比表面积速率常数为比活性指标,不同晶面Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)的活性次序为{111}>{110}>{100}. Cu2O不同晶面的原子配位情况差异明显,且{100}晶面的表面能较低,由此可较好解释具有不同晶面Cu2O光催化还原Cr(VI)活性的不同.八面体Cu2O的{111}面上同时存在配位饱和与配位不饱和Cu,而菱形十二面体Cu2O的{110}面上只有配位饱和Cu,立方体Cu2O的{100}面上只有配位不饱和O.相对于Cu2O的{100}晶面,具有更高表面自由能的{111}和{110}晶面易于产生光生电子-空穴对,从而表现出较{100}晶面更高的光催化活性.而Cu2O{111}晶面表现出更高光催化活性的原因可能是： Cu2O{111}晶面上存在的不饱和Cu可作为活性位点,在某种程度上有利于光生电子-空穴对分离,减少光生电子-空穴对复合,从而提高光催化还原速率.     

一类离散分布参数的经验Bayes估计的收敛速度

In this paper we consider a family of discrete distributions f_θ(x)dμ(x), and suppose that the Bayes estimate of φ(θ) with respect to the priori distribution H∈H has a form dH(x) =(?)a_k(x)f(x+k)/f(x). where f(x)=∫f_θdH(θ) . we construct asequence of empirical Bayes estimates and establish its rate of convergence, and prove that under suitable conditions this rate of convergence can arbitrarily close to 1. we also give a counter-example to the main Theorem 2.1 of [5], and then declare that the "Theorem" does not hold.     

Determination of trace amounts of Sb,Pb, Tl in water samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry after a diantipyrylmethane-iodide third phase preconcentration

A preconcentration method based on third phase extraction has been developed and combined with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) for determination of Sb, Pb, Tl at trace levels in water samples. The reagents diantipyrylmethane and potassium iodide were applied for complexing Sb, Pb, Tl and producing a third phase extraction system. This third phase system produces relatively large enrichment factors and complete isolation of trace elements from high salt-containing matrices which influence strongly the plasma condition. Experimental parameters of the extraction, such as concentrations of complexing reagents, pH and extraction time have been optimized. Under the selected conditions, this third phase ICP-AES combination procedure gave multielemental detection limits for Sb, Pb, Tl which are superior by an order of magnitude or more to those obtained by ICP-AES alone without preconcentration. Precision of the technique is better than 10% at the 10 g/l level. The accuracy of this approach is demonstrated by its application to tapwater, artificial seawater and reference seawater samples.     

基于水下成像系统模型的水下图像超分辨率重建技术研究

水下成像技术在诸多领域获得了越来越多的应用,然而由于受到成像器件参数、水体特性等成像系统参数的影响,水下图像的分辨率普遍较低、像质较差。基于包括点扩散函数、衍射极限等水下成像系统模型的图像超分辨率重建技术,能够在提高图像分辨率的同时增强图像质量。为了尽可能提高图像分辨率,建立了基于光束传播理论的超分辨率成像模型,并将其应用于水下脉冲激光距离选通成像结果图像的超分辨率重构。重构实验的结果表明,所提出的方法可以有效地提高水下成像的分辨率和质量。     

Synthesis of Metal Porphyrins Tailed with Salicylic Acid and their Interaction with Bovine Serum Albumin

A synthetic method of porphyrins tailed with salicylic substituents is described.Reaction of bromoalkoxyphenyl porphyrin 1 with salicylic acid gave porphyrins 2-5. These new compounds were confirmed by ^1H NMR, IR, UV-vis, MS and elemental analysis, and observed their interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in fluorescence spectrum.     

Optical and magnetic properties of small-size core–shell Fe3O4@C nanoparticles

Core–shell Fe₃O₄@C magnetic nanoparticles which are of great interest for research have a widely applied prospect. However, people know little about the optical and magnetic properties of the small-size Fe₃O₄@C nanoparticles due to the difficulty of uniformly coating small size Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. In this paper, the influence of carbon shell coating on the optical and magnetic properties of small size Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles was presented. Carbon coating can strengthen the absorption intensity in the UV–visible light region through the introduction of oxygen defects on the surface of the nanoparticles by nitric acid treatment. Fe₃O₄ and Fe₃O₄@C nanoparticles both display typical superparamagnetic behavior in the high-temperature regime and a blocked state at low temperature from hysteresis loop, zero-field cooled and field cooled curves. Carbon coating reduce the surface uniaxial anisotropy, thus the average blocking temperature <T_B> decreases from 59 K of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles to 50 K of Fe₃O₄@C nanoparticles.     

Synthesis and antitumor activity of heterocyclic acid ester derivatives of 20S-camptothecins

A series of heterocyclic acid esters of camptothecins as new compounds had been synthesized by acylation method,their in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities were evaluated.The cytotoxic results showed that 6 possessed the best efficacy on six human cancer cell lines in the six classes of CPTs' derivatives.In vivo testing results indicated that 9 had better antitumor activity against mouse liver carcinoma H_(22) than topotecan.     

Morphological characterization of metal porphyrin tailed with aspirin interacting with bovine serum albumin congeries

The porphyrins tailed with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and Zn (or Cu) complexes were prepared.Meanwhile,morphological images,such as shape and size of porphyrins-BSA congeries were observed by using atomic force microscopy (AFM).The result showed the interaction of BSA and prepared porphyrins led to obvious change of shape and size of BSA congeries.