Non-existence of phase transition of oriented percolation on Sierpinski carpet lattices

 A percolation problem on Sierpinski carpet lattices is considered. It is obtained that the critical probability of oriented percolation is equal to 1. In contrast it was already shown that the critical probability p _c of percolation is strictly less than 1 in Kumagai [9]. This result shows a difference between fractal-like lattice and ℤ ^d lattice. Received: 15 May 2002 / Revised version: 11 October 2002 / Published online: 21 February 2003 Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): Primary: 60K35, 82B43; Secondary: 82B26     

Ordinary differential operators in Hilbert spaces and Fredholm pairs

Let be a path of bounded operators on a real Hilbert space, hyperbolic at . We study the Fredholm theory of the operator . We relate the Fredholm property of to the stable and unstable linear spaces of the associated system . Several examples are included to point out the differences with respect to the finite dimensional case, in particular concerning the role of the spectral flow. We define a general class of paths A for which many properties typical of the finite dimensional framework still hold. Our motivation is to develop the linear theory which is necessary for the set-up of Morse homology on Hilbert manifolds. Received: 9 March 2001; in final form: 1 March 2002 / Published online: 2 December 2002     

Vanishing of local homology

 We study the vanishing properties of local homology of complexes of modules without assuming that its homology is artinian. Using vanishing results for local homology and cohomology we prove new vanishing results for Ext- and Tor-modules. Received: 1 August 2002; in final form: 23 September 2002 / Published online: 16 May 2003 Mathematics Subject Classification (1991): 13C12, 13D07, 13D45.     

Minimal entropy and collapsing with curvature bounded from below

We show that if a closed manifold M admits an ℱ-structure (not necessarily polarized, possibly of rank zero) then its minimal entropy vanishes. In particular, this is the case if M admits a non-trivial S ¹-action. As a corollary we obtain that the simplicial volume of a manifold admitting an ℱ-structure is zero.?We also show that if M admits an ℱ-structure then it collapses with curvature bounded from below. This in turn implies that M collapses with bounded scalar curvature or, equivalently, its Yamabe invariant is non-negative.?We show that ℱ-structures of rank zero appear rather frequently: every compact complex elliptic surface admits one as well as any simply connected closed 5-manifold.?We use these results to study the minimal entropy problem. We show the following two theorems: suppose that M is a closed manifold obtained by taking connected sums of copies of S ⁴, ℂP ², ²,S ²×S ²and the K3 surface. Then M has zero minimal entropy. Moreover, M admits a smooth Riemannian metric with zero topological entropy if and only if M is diffeomorphic to S ⁴,ℂP ²,S ²×S ²,ℂP ²#  ² or ℂP ²# ℂP ². Finally, suppose that M is a closed simply connected 5-manifold. Then M has zero minimal entropy. Moreover, M admits a smooth Riemannian metric with zero topological entropy if and only if M is diffeomorphic to S ⁵,S ³×S ², then on trivial S ³-bundle over S ² or the Wu-manifold SU(3)/SO(3). Oblatum 13-III-2002 & 12-VIII-2002?Published online: 8 November 2002 G.P. Paternain was partially supported by CIMAT, Guanajuato, México.?J. Petean is supported by grant 37558-E of CONACYT.     

Computational complexity of stable partitions with B-preferences

Consider a special stable partition problem in which the player's preferences over sets to which she could belong are identical with her preferences over the most attractive member of a set and in case of indifference the set of smaller cardinality is preferred. If the preferences of all players over other (individual) players are strict, a strongly stable and a stable partition always exists. However, if ties are present, we show that both the existence problems are NP-complete. These results are very similar to what is known for the stable roommates problem. Received: July 2000/Revised: October 2002 RID="*" ID="*"  This work was supported by the Slovak Agency for Science, contract #1/7465/20 “Combinatorial Structures and Complexity of Algorithms”.     

On the structure of inner ideals of nest algebras

IfA is a nest algebra andA _s=A ∩ A* , whereA* is the set of the adjoints of the operators lying inA, then the pair (A, A _s) forms a partial Jordan *-triple. Important tools when investigating the structure of a partial Jordan *-triple are its tripotents. In particular, given an orthogonal family of tripotents of the partial Jordan *-triple (A, A _s), the nest algebraA splits into a direct sum of subspaces known as the Peirce decomposition relative to that family. In this paper, the Peirce decomposition relative to an orthogonal family of minimal tripotents is used to investigate the structure of the inner ideals of (A, A _s), whereA is a nest algebra associated with an atomic nest. A property enjoyed by inner ideals of the partial Jordan *-triple (A, A _s) is presented as the main theorem. This result is then applied in the final part of the paper to provide examples of inner ideals. A characterization of the minimal tripotents as a certain class of rank one operators is also obtained as a means to deduce the principal theorem.     

Consistent values and the core in continuum market games with two types of players

The consistent value is an extension of the Shapley value to the class of games with non-transferable utility.? In this paper, the consistent value will be characterized for market games with a continuum of players of two types. We will show that for such games the consistent value need not belong to the core, and provide conditions under which there is equivalence between the two concepts. Received: October 1998 RID="*" ID="*"  This thesis was completed under the supervision of Professor Sergiu Hart, The Center for Rationality and Interactive Decision Theory, Department of Mathematics, Department of Economics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. I would like to thank Professor Hart for introducing me to this area of research, for his help and guidance, and, especially, for all his patience.? I would also like to thank Michael Borns for improving the style, and an anonymous referee for helpful comments.     

Cost benefit analysis of series systems with warm standby components

This paper deals with the cost benefit analysis of series systems with warm standby components. The time-to-repair and the time-to-failure for each of the primary and warm standby components is assumed to have the negative exponential distribution. We develop the explicit expressions for the mean time-to-failure, MTTF, and the steady-state availability, A _T () for three configurations and perform a comparative analysis. Under the cost/benefit (C/B) criterion, comparisons are made based on assumed numerical values given to the distribution parameters, and to the cost of the components. The configurations are ranked based on: MTTF, A _T (), and C/B where B is either MTTF or A _T ().     

The negative gradient flow for the <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Superscript>2</Superscript>-integral of Ricci curvature

 In this paper, the negative gradient flow for the L ²-integral of Ricci curvature on a 3-manifold is considered. It is not known whether the solution to this fourth order geometric evolution equation exists, and whether it will develop singularities in finite time. Based on the trick of De Turck and the idea of Hamilton on the flow of Ricci curvature, the local existence on any compact Riemannian manifold is obtained. In addition, the conditions for the occurences of singularities in finite time during the evolution and the asymptotic behavior of the flow on a 3-manifold are discussed. Received: 22 April 2002 / Revised version: 5 January 2003 Published online: 24 April 2003 This work is partially supported by the Foundations of NNSF of China, the Foundation for University Key Teacher by MEC and Shanghai Priority Academic Discipline.     

Pointwise gradient estimates of solutions to onedimensional nonlinear parabolic equations

We present here an improved version of the method introduced by the first author to derive pointwise gradient estimates for the solutions of one-dimensional parabolic problems. After considering a general qualinear equation in divergence form we apply the method to the case of a nonlinear diffusion-convection equation. The conclusions are stated first for classical solutions and then for generalized and mild solutions. In the case of unbounded initial datum we obtain several regularizing effects for t > 0. Some unilateral pointwise gradient estimates are also obtained. The case of the Dirichlet problem is also considered. Finally, we collect, in the last section, several comments showing the connections among these estimates and the study of the free boundaries associated to the solutions of the diffusion-convection equation.