One-step In-situ Synthesis of Vacancy-rich CoFe2O4@Defective Graphene Hybrids as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts for Rechargeable Zn-Air Batteries

Developing efficient catalysts toward both oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER) is the core task for rechargeable metal-air batteries. Although integration of two active components should be an effective method to produce the bifunctional catalysts in principle, traditional techniques still can not attain fine tunable surface structure during material-hybridization process. Herein, we present a facile short-time in-situ argon(Ar) plasma strategy to fabricate a high-performance bifunctional hybrid catalyst of vacancy-rich CoFe₂O₄ synergized with defective graphene(r-CoFe₂O₄@DG). Reflected by the low voltage gap of 0.79 V in two half-reaction measurements, the striking capability to catalyze ORR/OER endows it excellent and durable performance in rechargeable Zn-air batteries, with a maximum power density of 155.2 mW/cm² and robust stability(up to 60 h). Further experimental and theoretical studies validate its remarkable bifunctional energetics root from plasma-induced surface vacancy defects and interfacial charge polarization between DG and CoFe₂O₄. This work offers more opportunities for reliable clean energy systems by rational interfacial and defect engineering on catalyst design.     

Linearity Requirement for a Linear Frequency Modulation Lidar

The nonlinear of the frequency modulation in linear frequency modulation (LFM) lidar seriously affects the accuracy of range and velocity. We describe the influence of nonlinear of the frequency modulation on the accuracy. The frequency-domain analysis of heterodyne signal is used to deduce the linearity requirement for LFM lidar.     

二维层状金属碘化物的制备及光电磁器件的应用进展

二维金属碘化物,呈现范德瓦耳斯层状堆垛结构,平均原子序数大,具有合适的能带间隙、强的磁电耦合效应,是一种新型的光电探测材料,能被用于制备高能射线探测器,且一些磁性二维金属碘化物能被用于磁电器件。由于其在光电磁器件方面的潜在应用,近期成为了低维材料研究的热点。并且在材料制备方面,层状金属碘化物一般熔点较低,制备条件温和简单,可用于二维层状材料生长机理的研究。本文首先介绍了层状金属碘化物的结构、性质,然后着重阐述了二维层状金属碘化物的制备方法,最后讨论了层状金属碘化物在光电磁器件方面的应用。期望读者对二维层状金属碘化物有更深入的了解,更好地推动二维层状金属碘化物的应用。     

sd壳层极丰质子核的β延迟衰变谱学

远离β稳定线原子核的结构是当前核物理领域的一个前沿热点。β衰变谱学是研究核结构的重要方法,尤其适用于低产额的滴线核。本文回顾了近年来在RIBLL1装置上开展的sd壳区极丰质子核β延迟衰变谱学的实验研究。该工作获得了15个原子核精确的半衰期、衰变子核的质量、β延迟的质子和双质子发射以及$\gamma $跃迁的能谱、分支比和比较半衰期等数据,并重建了衰变纲图,大大丰富了此区域内质子滴线附近原子核的衰变谱学信息。还介绍了探测器阵列和实验方法,概括了所研究核的衰变性质和半衰期等。特别地,对几个典型核,20Mg和22Si以及26P和27S的衰变性质进行了阐述。此外,对相关话题,如三体力、镜像核衰变不对称性、与银河系中26Al超丰问题相关的热核反应率等问题进行了探讨。     

In-situ study of martensitic transformation and nucleation, propagation of crack in CuNiAl shape memory alloy

The stress-induced martensitic transformation and its relation with crack nucleation and propagation in CuNiAl shape memory alloy were investigated through in-situ tensile tests by SEM and TEM. The results indicated that the stress concentration ahead of the crack tip could induce formation of stacking faults and different types of martensites. TEM observations showed that the martensites could transform from one type to another and even reversely to the parent during loading. The microcracks nucleated along the martensite/parent interface and intersection between two martensites. When the crack propagated a certain distance, the stress concentration ahead of the crack tip was large enough to result in formation of slip bands, and in this condition the microcrack nucleated along slip bands more easily.     

基于FPGA和DSP的图像压缩系统设计

针对图像采集系统数据传输压力大、误码率高的问题,设计了基于FPGA和DSP的图像压缩系统;设计以FPGA为中心控制单元控制图像采集以及与上位机之间进行数据通信,DSP完成对图像数据的压缩处理;并在此基础上,设计了模拟视频接口和数字视频接口;通过大量的实验证明,该系统稳定性很高,在较高的压缩比下,图像失真率极低,在工业控制领域具有一定的参考价值。     

Fabrication of titanate nanotubes/iron oxide magnetic composite for the high efficient capture of radionuclides: a case investigation of 109Cd(II)

In this paper, the capture of radiocadmium (Cd(II)) by adsorption onto the titanate nanotube/iron oxide (TNT/IOM) magnetic composite as a function of contact time, pH, ionic strength, foreign cation and anion ions, humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) was studied using batch technique. The results indicated that the adsorption of Cd(II) onto the TNT/IOM magnetic composite was dependent on ionic strength at pH <9.0, but was independent of ionic strength at pH >9.0. Outer-sphere surface complexation were the main mechanism of Cd(II) adsorption onto the TNT/IOM magnetic composite at low pH values, whereas the adsorption was mainly dominated via inner-sphere surface complexation at high pH values. The adsorption of Cd(II) onto the TNT/IOM magnetic composite was dependent on foreign cation and anion ions at low pH values, but was independent of foreign cation and anion ions at high pH values. A positive effect of HA/FA on Cd(II) adsorption onto the TNT/IOM magnetic composite was found at low pH values, while a negative effect was observed at high pH values. From the results of Cd(II) removal by the TNT/IOM magnetic composite, the optimum reaction conditions can be obtained for the maximum removal of Cd(II) from water. It is clear that the best pH values of the system to remove Cd(II) from solution by using the TNT/IOM magnetic composite are 7.0–8.0. Considering the low cost and effective disposal of Cd(II)-contaminated wastewaters, the best condition for Cd(II) capture by the TNT/IOM magnetic composite is at room temperature and solid content of 0.5 g L^?1. These results are quite important for estimating and optimizing the removal of Cd(II) and related metal ions by the TNT-based magnetic composite.     

Ionic liquid‐based microwave‐assisted surfactant‐improved dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and derivatization of aminoglycosides in milk samples

A green and simple method, ionic liquid‐based microwave‐assisted surfactant‐improved dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and derivatization was developed for the determination of aminoglycosides in milk samples. Nonionic surfactant Triton X‐100 and ionic liquid 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were used as the disperser and extraction solvent, respectively. Extraction, preconcentration, and derivatization of aminoglycosides were carried out in a single step. Several experimental parameters, including type and volume of extraction solvent, type and concentration of surfactant, microwave power and irradiation time, concentration of derivatization reagent, and pH value and volume of buffer were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the linearities for determining the analytes were in the range 0.4–10.0 ng/mL for tobramycin, 1.0–25.0 ng/mL for neomycin, and 2.0–50.0 ng/mL for gentamicin, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9991 to 0.9998. The LODs for the analytes were between 0.11 and 0.50 ng/mL. The present method was applied to the analysis of different milk samples, and the recoveries of aminoglycosides obtained were in the range 96.4–105.4% with the RSDs lower than 5.5%. The results showed that the present method was a rapid, convenient, and environmentally friendly method for the determination of aminoglycosides in milk samples.