Des vortex fractionnaires pour un modèle Ginzburg–Landau spineur

Recent papers in the physics literature have introduced spin-coupled (or spinor) Ginzburg–Landau models for complex vector-valued order parameters in order to account for ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic effects in high-temperature superconductors and in optically confined Bose–Einstein condensates. In this Note we observe that such models can lead to new types of vortices, with fractional degree and non-trivial core structure. To cite this article: S. Alama, L. Bronsard, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 337 (2003).     

Crystalline lipid domains: characterization by X-ray diffraction and their relation to biology

Biological membranes comprise thousands of different lipids, differing in their alkyl chains, headgroups, and degree of saturation. It is estimated that 5% of the genes in the human genome are responsible for regulating the lipid composition of cell membranes. Conceivably, the functional explanation for this diversity is found, at least in part, in the propensity of lipids to segregate into distinct domains, which are important for cell function. X-ray diffraction has been used increasingly to characterize the packing and phase behavior of lipids in membranes. Crystalline domains have been studied in synthetic membranes using wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering, and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. Herein we summarize recent results obtained using the various X-ray methods, discuss the correlation between crystalline domains and liquid ordered domains studied with other techniques, and the relevance of crystalline domains to functional lipid domains in biological membranes.     

Synthesis of new pyrimidine nucleoside derivatives with nitric oxide donors for antiviral activity

New pyrimidine nucleoside derivatives with nitric oxide(NO) donor were systematically synthesized.The antivirus activities of these nucleoside analogues against vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV) in Wish cell were evaluated.It was demonstrated that most of compounds had stronger antiviral acitivity than acyclovir,while their toxicities were similar or lower to acyclovir.     

Formation of polymer vesicles by amphiphilic fluorosiloxane graft copolymers in solution

Amphiphilic fluorosiloxane graft copolymers with a poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS) backbone,a hydrophobic fluorosiloxane side-chain and three hydrophilic poiyether side-chains were synthesized by hydrosilation reaction in this work.The micellization of amphiphilic graft copolymers in the water/ethanol solvent system was investigated,and vesicles with different size were formed after the self-assembly system was aged for different time.     

梅州仙人草中微量元素含量的分析

采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法测定了梅州仙人草中K、Ca、Na、Mg、Cu、Zn、Mn、Fe共8种元素的含量.结果表明:仙人草中K、Ca、Mg、Fe等人体必需微量元素含量非常丰富.该方法的加标回收率在96.0%-106.7%之间,相对标准偏差小于3%,具有较好的准确度和精密度.     

The Korteweg-de Vires equation for the bidirectional pedestrian flow model considering the next-nearest-neighbor effect

This paper focuses on a two-dimensional bidirectional pedestrian flow model which involves the next-nearest-neighbor effect. The stability condition and the Korteweg-de Vries （KdV） equation are derived to describe the density wave of pedestrian congestion by linear stability and nonlinear analysis. Through theoretical analysis, the soliton solution is obtained.     

天水湖草鱼体内微量元素含量的测定及相关性分析

采用HNO3∶HClO4(体积比为4∶1)消解体系,在低温微沸条件下消解,用火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定了天水湖草鱼7个组织器官(肌肉、鱼鳃、鱼鳞、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、精巢)中Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn的含量.结果表明:草鱼体中4种微量元素含量高低为Fe＞Zn＞Cu＞Mn;4种微量元素在草鱼各组织器官中的含量均差异极显著(P＜0.01).相关性分析表明:草鱼体内各组织器官中Fe和Zn含量呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01),相关系数为0.708;Fe和Cu的含量呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01),相关系数为0.869;Fe和Mn的含量呈显著正相关(P＜0.05),相关系数为0.474;Cu和Zn含量呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01),相关系数为0.834.     

Classes of Almost Clean Rings

A ring is clean (almost clean) if each of its elements is the sum of a unit (regular element) and an idempotent. A module is clean (almost clean) if its endomorphism ring is clean (almost clean). We show that every quasi-continuous and nonsingular module is almost clean and that every right CS (i.e. right extending) and right nonsingular ring is almost clean. As a corollary, all right strongly semihereditary rings, including finite AW ^*-algebras and noetherian Leavitt path algebras in particular, are almost clean. We say that a ring R is special clean (special almost clean) if each element a can be decomposed as the sum of a unit (regular element) u and an idempotent e with aR?∩?eR?=?0. The Camillo-Khurana Theorem characterizes unit-regular rings as special clean rings. We prove an analogous theorem for abelian Rickart rings: an abelian ring is Rickart if and only if it is special almost clean. As a corollary, we show that a right quasi-continuous and right nonsingular ring is left and right Rickart. If a special (almost) clean decomposition is unique, we say that the ring is uniquely special (almost) clean. We show that (1) an abelian ring is unit-regular (equiv. special clean) if and only if it is uniquely special clean, and that (2) an abelian and right quasi-continuous ring is Rickart (equiv. special almost clean) if and only if it is uniquely special almost clean. Finally, we adapt some of our results to rings with involution: a *-ring is *-clean (almost *-clean) if each of its elements is the sum of a unit (regular element) and a projection (self-adjoint idempotent). A special (almost) *-clean ring is similarly defined by replacing “idempotent” with “projection” in the appropriate definition. We show that an abelian *-ring is a Rickart *-ring if and only if it is special almost *-clean, and that an abelian *-ring is *-regular if and only if it is special *-clean.     

8.30 μm singly resonant ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillators pumped by a Tm,Ho:GdVO4 laser

A single resonator 8.30 μm ZnGeP₂ (ZGP) optical parametric oscillators (OPO) was reported in the paper. The OPO was pumped by a 10.2-W Tm,Ho:GdVO₄ laser at 8 kHz in a Q-switch mode, a 170-mW idler was obtained at 8.30 μm, and the output power of the idler and signal wave was 1.0 W, corresponding to an optical-optical conversion efficiency of 10.3% and a slope efficiency of 20.9%. Tm,Ho:GdVO₄ laser was pumped by a 30-W fiber-coupled laser diode (LD) at the center wavelength of 801 nm. The output wavelength of Tm,Ho:GdVO₄ laser was at 2.05 μm, and the energy per pulse of 1.28 mJ in 18 ns was achieved at 8 kHz with the peak power of 71.1 kW.