Viscoelastic dynamic properties of heterogeneous polymer networks with domain structure

A dynamic model of a heterogeneous polymer network system is proposed. A polymer network is presented as an ensemble of cross‐linked regions (domains) of different sizes, the domains have similarly regular internal structures. To a first approximation, these domains are treated independently of each other. Relaxation modulus, storage modulus, and loss modulus of the heterogeneous polymer network are calculated. For the purpose of averaging over all network domains the exponential number distribution of chain segments in domains is used. This type of distribution has been previously proposed by one of the authors in the frame of the aggregation model. It is shown that a structure heterogeneity introduced into a network model according to the above domain approach leads, at long times, to the stretched exponential type of time dependence of relaxation modulus instead of the power‐law dependence predicted by the theories dealing with regular networks. The network heterogeneity also leads to a more rapid decrease in the storage modulus in the region of low frequencies, as compared with regular polymer networks. It is shown that the loss modulus in the region of its maximum is very slightly sensitive to the “long‐range” network heterogeneity considered.     

Fluctuation,relaxation and “super-structure” in liquids the conformon model

The conformon model of liquids postulates a heterogeneous dynamic superstructure in liquids. The model predicts a universal reduced energy- and entropy-density distribution (Planck distribution) which typify together the thermodynamics of fluctuations. The mean reduced energy- and entropy density distributions are identical and invariant at all temperatures, independently of the type of molecules the liquid is comprised of. The model predicts therefore a unique superstructure at the quasi-static glass-transition temperature. Tapping-mode atomic force experiments on monolayers of bottle-brush molecules reveal a type of a superstructure which is, in fact, in good accord with the conformon model. Relaxation experiments can be described as superposition of a broad set of intra-conformon Debye-processes which is consequently related to the heterogeneous equilibrium structure. Principal aspects of the results are reflected in the paper.     

An alternative for polarized antiproton beams

Presently the most popular way to prepare high quality polarized antiproton beams is the so called spin filter method. The feasibility of the method has been proven for a proton beam and measurements of the spin dependent interaction of antiprotons have been proposed by the PAX collaboration. Another well known source for polarized antiprotons is the $\bar{\Lambda}$ decay which was used at FERMILAB in the only experiment performed so far with polarized antiprotons. An alternative approach for polarized antiproton beams may be the production process itself. If the produced antiprotons show polarization it would be rather simple to handle a polarized antiproton beam in the existing antiproton collector and cooler at CERN just like in the unpolarized case.     

Production of neutral Higgs-boson pairs at LHC

The reconstruction of the Higgs potential in the Standard Model or supersymmetric theories demands the measurement of the trilinear Higgs couplings. These couplings affect the multiple production of Higgs bosons at high energy colliders. We present a systematic overview of the cross sections for the production of pairs of (light) neutral Higgs bosons at the LHC. The analysis is carried out for the Standard Model and its minimal supersymmetric extension. Received: 30 March 1999 / Published online: 28 May 1999     

The Role of the “Ligand Periphery” in the Coordination of Tripodal Triamidostannates(II) to Iridium: Simple Ligation vs. Cyclometallation

Reaction of the triamidostannates(II) MeSi{SiMe₂N(3,5‐xyl)}₃SnLi(OEt₂) ( 2a ) and MeSi{SiMe₂N(p‐tol)}₃SnLi(OEt₂) ( 2b ) with [IrCl(CO)(PPh₃)₂] gave the Ir^I‐Sn complex [MeSi{SiMe₂N(3,5‐xyl)}₃SnIr(PPh₃)₂(CO)] ( 3a ) for the former. In contrast, for the tolyl stannate CH‐activation occurred to give the Ir^III compound [MeSi{SiMe₂N(p‐tol)}₂{SiMe₂N(2‐C₆H₃‐4‐CH₃)}SnIr(H)(PPh₃)₂(CO)] ( 3b ). The latter is thus avoided by introduction of suitably placed substituents in the peripheral aryl groups of the triamidostannate ligand.     

First osmium-catalysed ketamination of alkenes

Conditions for a first oxidative conversion of alkenes into 2-amino ketones are described, which yield racemic products within a direct oxidation pathway and 2-amino ketones with up to 99% enantiomeric excess from the corresponding enantiopure amino alcohols.     

Isobaric binary state diagrams ofn-alkanes

Isobaric state diagrams of various binaryn-alkane mixtures have been derived from DTA-measurements. They can be described by means of proper thermodynamic relations which are essentially taking into consideration the disparity in chain lengths. The discussion of the thermodynamic parameters is elucidating the physical situation in the longitudinal boundaries of extended mixed crystals such that stability conditions in binaryn-alkane systems can be developed. Occurrence of eutectical crystallization in the binary mixtures can fairly well be predicted dependend upon the relative disparity in chain lengths.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. F. H. Müller.