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91.
Solid-phase microextraction coupled with microcolumn liquid chromatography for the analysis of amitriptyline in human urine 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a solvent-free sample-preparation technique that enables isolation and pre-concentration
of analytes from a sample on a thin film coating a fused-silica fiber. In this study SPME coupled with microcolumn liquid
chromatography (micro LC) has been used for the determination of four tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, imipramine,
nortriptyline, and desipramine) in human urine. SPME conditions which affect extraction efficiency were optimized, and under
the optimum conditions the system was a few hundred times more sensitive than direct LC analysis without SPME. For amitriptyline
the detection limit was 3 ng mL−1 and the calibration curve was linear in the range of 5–500 ng mL−1. The SPME-micro LC method has been applied to the analysis of amitriptyline in patient’s urine. 相似文献
92.
Kenji Mori Shigefumi Kuwahara Mitsuhiko Fujiwhara 《Journal of Chemical Sciences》1988,100(2-3):113-117
A mixture of the four stereoisomers of 2.6-dimethyloctyl formate was synthesized, and found to be a potent mimic of (4R,8R)-4,8-dimethyldecanal, the aggregation pheromone of the flour beetles,Tribolium castaneum andTribolium confusum.
For Part CVI, see Mori K and Puapoomchareon P 1988Liebigs Ann. Chem. 175 相似文献
93.
An automated identification system based on the retention prediction concept has been constructed for toxic substances. The system performance has been evaluated for the identification of toxic compounds in poisoned human fluids. 相似文献
94.
Kenji Okada Yuichiro Takamatsu Yasuaki Tokudome Atsushi Nakahira Masahide Takahashi 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2013,65(1):36-40
Synthesis of titanate nanotubes (TNTs) from sol–gel derived amorphous TiO2 thin films under moderate hydrothermal condition has been reported. TNTs from film possess a tubular morphology that is the same crystalline phase as one synthesized from TiO2 powder so far. TNTs obtained in this study are not entangled one another but oriented and isolated on the substrate. Growth of highly oriented TNTs is observed in micro grooves of amorphous TiO2 thin film. Their orientation is also maintained with the growth of TNTs. 相似文献
95.
Pentacyanoferrate-bound poly(1-vinylimidazole) (PVI[Fe(CN)5]) was selected as a mediator for amperometric creatinine determination based on the reductive H2O2 detection. Creatinine amidohydrolase (CNH), creatine amidohydrolase (CRH), sarcosine oxidase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and PVI[Fe(CN)5] were crosslinked with poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE) on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode for a creatinine biosensor fabrication. Reduction current was monitored at −0.1 V in the presence of creatinine and O2. It is revealed that PVI[Fe(CN)5] is suitable as a mediator for a bioelectrocatalytic reaction of POD, since PVI[Fe(CN)5] neither reacts with reactants nor works as an electron acceptor of SOD. The amounts of PVI[Fe(CN)5], PEGDGE, and enzymes were optimized toward creatinine detection. Nafion as a protecting film successfully prevented the enzyme layer from interferences. The detection limit and linear range in creatinine determination were 12 μM and 12–500 μM (R2 = 0.993), respectively, and the sensitivity was 11 mA cm−2 M−1, which is applicable for urine creatinine tests. The results of the creatinine determination for four urine samples measured with this proposed method were compared with Jaffe method, and a good correlation was obtained between the results. 相似文献
96.
A simple protocol that uses [OsIII(OH)(H2O)(L ‐N4Me2)](PF6)2 ( 1 ; L ‐N4Me2=N,N′‐dimethyl‐2,11‐diaza[3.3](2,6)pyridinophane) as a catalyst and H2O2 as a terminal oxidant for efficient cis‐1,2‐dihydroxylation of alkenes is presented. Unfunctionalized (or aliphatic) alkenes and alkenes/styrenes containing electron‐withdrawing groups are selectively oxidized to the corresponding vicinal diols in good to excellent yields (46–99 %). In the catalytic reactions, the stoichiometry of alkene:H2O2 is 1:1, and thus the oxidant efficiency is very high. For the dihydroxylation of cyclohexene, the catalytic amount of 1 can be reduced to 0.01 mol % to achieve a very high turnover number of 5500. The active oxidant is identified as the OsV(O)(OH) species ( 2 ), which is formed via the hydroperoxide adduct, an OsIII(OOH) species. The active oxidant 2 is successfully isolated and crystallographically characterized. 相似文献
97.
98.
Brown coals have a considerable number of acidic functional groups of which the main component is carboxyl groups, and the acidity has a wide distribution. In this paper, changes of the acidity distribution were examined by aqueous titration when brown coal was heat-treated to control its acidity distribution. For Loy Yang brown coal from Australia dried at 50 degrees C under vacuum (LY50), the acid dissociation constant, Ka, was distributed over a wide pKa range between 2 and 9. Then, using Gaussian functions, the acidity distribution was divided into four groups, which were characterized by average pKa values: average pKa value of 3.8 (hereafter referred to as Group A), 5.2 (Group B), 6.8 (Group C), and 8.3 (Group D). Among them, Groups A, B, and C were assigned to carboxyl groups. From the changes of the number of carboxyl groups when brown coal was heat-treated up to 400 degrees C, it was found that the way of decrease was different among these acidic groups. The decrease of the amount of carboxyl groups in Group C was significant, and at 325 degrees C most of them disappeared. On the other hand, the carboxyl groups in Group A remained even at a high temperature of 400 degrees C. We estimated approximately the structures around carboxyl groups for LY50 and their structural changes by heat treatment using the known pKa values for simple carboxylic acids and the pKa values calculated by the MOPAC program for complicated carboxylic acids. 相似文献
99.
Synthesis and characterization of 6-O-acyl-2-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acids with a branched-acyl chain 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
We previously reported the chemical synthesis of a series of novel monoacylated vitamin C derivatives, 6-O-acyl-2-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acids (6-Acyl-AA-2G) possessing a straight-acyl chain of varying length from C(4) to C(18), as effective skin antioxidants. In this paper, we describe branched type of 6-Acyl-AA-2G derivatives (6-bAcyl-AA-2G) synthesized by use of a 2-branched-chain fatty acid anhydride as an acyl donor. The stability of 6-bAcyl-AA-2G in neutral solution was much higher than that of 6-Acyl-AA-2G, while they were susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis for exerting vitamin C effect. These branched derivatives as well as 6-Acyl-AA-2G increased the radical scavenging activity against 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and the lipophilicity in octanol/water-partitioning systems with increasing length of their acyl group. In addition, the 6-bAcyl-AA-2G derivative with an acyl chain of C(12), 6-bDode-AA-2G had the excellent solubility to various solvents, suggesting easy handling in cosmetic use. These characteristics of 6-bAcyl-AA-2G may be available for skin care application as an effective antioxidant. 相似文献
100.