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41.
Hitoshi Tamiaki Shun Koizumi Kazuki Tsuji Yusuke Kinoshita Tomohiro Miyatake 《Tetrahedron letters》2014
Chlorophyll-a derivatives possessing an un/mono/disubstituted methylene moiety at the 131-position were prepared by (un)substituted methylation of the 13-carbonyl group and successive dehydration. Substitution of the 131-oxo to the methylene group slightly blue-shifted electronic absorption and emission bands in a solution and decreased chemical stability to give an oxidation product cleaved at the E-ring. Further mono/disubstitution at the methylene terminal increased wavelengths of absorption and emission maxima as well as oxidative tolerance. 相似文献
42.
The reaction of enol acetates with alcohols in the presence of a catalytic amount of a rhenium complex, such as ReBr(CO)5, produced the corresponding ketones and aldehydes in moderate to good yields. It was suggested that the preparation of an ether, an intermolecular dehydrated product, was the first step of the reaction. 相似文献
43.
Journal of Mathematical Chemistry - The arrangements of invariant tori that resemble rod packings with cubic symmetries are considered in three-dimensional solenoidal vector fields. To find them... 相似文献
44.
Sai Venkatesh Pingali Hugh M. O’Neill Yoshiharu Nishiyama Lilin He Yuri B. Melnichenko Volker Urban Loukas Petridis Brian Davison Paul Langan 《Cellulose (London, England)》2014,21(2):873-878
Morphological changes to the different components of lignocellulosic biomass were observed as they occurred during steam pretreatment by placing a pressure reaction cell in a neutron beam and collecting time-resolved neutron scattering data. Changes to cellulose morphology occurred mainly in the heating phase, whereas changes in lignin morphology occurred mainly in the holding and cooling phases. During the heating stage, water is irreversibly expelled from cellulose microfibrils as the elementary fibrils coalesce. During the holding phase lignin aggregates begin to appear and they increase in size most noticeably during the cooling phase. This experiment demonstrates the unique information that in situ small angle neutron scattering studies of pretreatment can provide. This approach could be useful in optimizing the heating, holding and cooling stages of pretreatments to allow the exact size and nature of lignin aggregates to be controlled in order to enhance enzyme accessibility to cellulose and therefore the efficiency of biomass conversion. 相似文献
45.
Pan Chen Yoshiharu Nishiyama Jean-Luc Putaux Karim Mazeau 《Cellulose (London, England)》2014,21(2):897-908
We have performed molecular dynamics calculations using a revised version of the Gromos56Acarbo force field to understand the consequences of the different potential hydrogen bonding patterns on the structural stability and thermal behavior of the Iα and Iβ forms of native cellulose. For each allomorph, we considered three patterns of hydrogen bonds: two patterns obtained from neutron diffraction data refinement and a regular mixture of the two. Upon annealing, the hydrogen bonding schemes of cellulose Iβ, irrespective of the starting structure, re-arranged into the main hydrogen bond pattern experimentally observed (pattern A). On the other hand, the Iα structures, irrespective of the starting hydrogen bonding pattern, converged to a non-experimental structure where the adjacent chains are shifted along the chain direction by 0.12 nm in the hydrogen-bonded plane, and the hydroxymethyl group conformation alternates between gt and tg along the chain. The exotic structure in Iα might be a consequence of a deficiency in force field parameters and/or potential molecular arrangement in less crystalline cellulose. 相似文献
46.
I.C. Sophiana A. Topandi F. Iskandar H. Devianto N. Nishiyama Y.W. Budhi 《Materials Today Chemistry》2020
Mesoporous Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 solid solution powders were successfully synthesized by a co-precipitation method. A combination of 10 wt% copper oxide, manganese oxide, and nickel oxide was added to the Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 support by impregnation method and calcined in the air with a flow rate of 2 ml s?1 at 400 °C for 4 h. All catalysts were characterized using Hydrogen Temperature Programmed Reduction (H2-TPR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) isotherm methods to find the interaction between metals, the crystallinity of the catalyst, surface area and pore volume of the catalyst, respectively. The 3.3% CuO-3.3% MnO2-3.3% NiO/Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 catalyst showed higher catalytic activity for benzene oxidation with benzene conversion of 90% at 250 °C and weight hourly space velocity (72,000 mL g?1 h?1) when compared to one metal oxide only. This finding presents a high activity and low-cost catalysts for removing a very lean concentration of benzene containing in the industrial flue gas at low temperatures. 相似文献
47.
Koji Yamamoto Kazuki Higuchi Masahiro Ogawa Hiromitsu Sogawa Shigeki Kuwata Yoshihiro Hayashi Susumu Kawauchi Toshikazu Takata 《化学:亚洲杂志》2020,15(3):356-359
We synthesised palladium and platinum complexes possessing cyclic and acyclic pincer‐type polyaromatic ligands and investigated their structural effect on the catalysis. The pincer‐type bis(6‐arylpyridin‐2‐yl)benzene skeleton was constructed via Kröhnke pyridine synthesis under transition metal‐free conditions on gram‐scale quantity. Ligand structure significantly influenced catalytic activity toward the platinum‐catalysed hydrosilylation of diphenyl acetylenes, despite the ligand‐independence of the conformations and electronic properties of these complexes. 相似文献
48.
Preparation and physical properties of flame retardant acrylic resin containing nano-sized aluminum hydroxide 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kazuki Daimatsu Yasunori Kato Katsuhiro Inomata Kazuki Takemura 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2007,92(8):1433-1438
Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) shows high strength and transparency but is a flammable material. In this study, the surface of aluminum hydroxide was modified with methacrylate containing phosphoric acid moieties before dispersion in MMA, and organic-inorganic nano-hybrid materials were obtained by bulk polymerization in the presence of the surface-modified aluminum hydroxide. The resulting hybrid materials retained the high transparency of PMMA, with transparency values similar to that of pure PMMA. Moreover, the flame resistance of the hybrid materials was improved in comparison with that of pure PMMA, with depression of the horizontal burning rate becoming a maximum at an inorganic content of 3 wt%. These results suggest that the use of aluminum hydroxide surface-modified with phosphoric acid groups is an efficient method for obtaining good performance fire-resistant polymer materials. 相似文献
49.
Kazuyoshi Kanamori Norio Ishizuka Kazuki Nakanishi Kazuyuki Hirao Hiroshi Jinnai 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2003,26(1-3):157-160
The organo-siloxane gel with co-continuous structure derived from methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) was synthesized in a confined space between parallel plates by inducing spinodal decomposition during sol-gel transition. The resultant gel morphology was 3-dimensionally observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). The sliced LSCM photographs revealed that the confined gels have inhomogeneity perpendicular to the plate, exhibiting a layered structure. The layered structure can be divided into three regions according to their morphology; interface, near-surface layer, bulk phase. The organo-siloxane depletion layer had formed in the vicinity of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic plates, and the bulk phase had formed slight away from the plates exhibited co-continuous structure. In addition, the confined gels exhibited no shrinkage during drying process that resulted in the larger domain size compared to the monolithic gel. The attractive interaction between the plates and the resultant organo-siloxane phase accounts for the inhibition of shrinkage of confined gels. 相似文献
50.
Nishiyama K Kobayasi KI Riquimaroux H 《The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America》2011,130(6):4148-4157
The vocalization behavior of Mongolian gerbils, a model animal of auditory physiology, was examined. A pair of gerbils was placed in a chamber, and their species-specific vocalizations and locomotive behaviors were recorded and analyzed. Two types of calls were predominantly produced: high-frequency upward frequency-modulated (HU-FM) calls and low-frequency multi-harmonic frequency-modulated (LM-FM) calls. Emission rates of HU-FM calls significantly decreased as the distance between the two gerbils increased, and playback of simulated HU-FM calls increased the emission rates. Acoustic analysis of HU-FM calls showed that the calls exhibited a stereotypic spectro-temporal structure including a fixed inter-onset interval (100-175 ms) and that individual differences in the frequency could convey the body size of the callers. The timing of HU-FM calls was highly synchronized with jump movements when an animal vocalized while jumping, suggesting the existence of tight locomotor-vocal coupling. Conversely, LM-FM calls were observed only when the gerbils tactilely contacted with each other while fighting over a food. These results suggest that Mongolian gerbils change the rates of call emissions and call types (e.g., LM-FM or HU-FM calls) in response to changes in visual and possibly tactile and auditory information. The functions of both calls are discussed in terms of their acoustic structures. 相似文献