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31.
Andrzej Wolkenberg Tomasz Przes?awski Kazimierz Regiński 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2003,64(1):7-14
At low temperatures In0.53Ga0.47As samples show an increase of carrier concentration, which can be explained in terms of a two carriers transport model. This type of problem exists since the beginning of the semiconductor era, dating back to monocrystalline germanium.We propose that in all the investigated layers, there are X atoms or charged dislocations in the region of the first monolayers, which are built in during epitaxial growth. The layers were intentionally undoped. They form an impurity band in which low mobility carriers dominate over the localised electron scattering due to the s-d exchange interaction. These carriers do not freeze out at liquid helium temperature and give rise to two transport media for electrons; a conduction band at higher temperatures and an impurity band at lower temperatures. The electron which fall down onto the previously ionised X atoms, then move by thermally activated hopping. We show that the two carriers model for In0.53Ga0.47As epitaxial layers are confirmed by the carrier concentration-temperature, carrier concentration-magnetic field, resistivity-magnetic field behaviour, and also by YKA theory also. The differences between the two transport models are so distinctive that observed phenomena may exist. This paper presents experimental results, which constitute comprehensive evidence for the complicated structure of the semiconductor epitaxial layers on the sample of n-type In0.53Ga0.47As/InP layer with n=2.2×1015/cm3. 相似文献
32.
Yanfei YangGaurav Arora Fernando A. FernandezJennifer D. Crawford Kazimierz SurowiecEun Kyung Lee Richard A. Bartsch 《Tetrahedron》2011,67(7):1389-1397
Two series of di-ionizable calix[4]arene-crown-5 isomers in the cone conformation are synthesized to probe the effect of the pendant acidic group location on their metal ion extraction properties. In one series, the ionizable groups are attached to the lower rim of the calix[4]arene scaffold, which orients them near the crown ether cavity. In the second series, the ionizable groups are connected to the upper rim positioning them away from the crown ether ring, but close to the hydrophobic pocket of the calix[4]arene unit. The metal ion extraction behaviors of the two series of ligands are compared in extractions of alkaline earth metal cations, Hg2+, and Pb2+. 相似文献
33.
Aequationes mathematicae - We prove that every K–subadditive set–valued map weakly K–upper bounded on a “large” set (e.g. not null–finite, not... 相似文献
34.
Mariusz Florek Piotr Domaradzki Piotr Skaecki Magorzata Stryjecka Katarzyna Tajchman Agnieszka Kaliniak-Dziura Anna Teter Monika Kdzierska-Matysek 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(24)
The chemical composition, content of cholesterol, retinol and α-tocopherol, and the total antioxidant capacity of different tissues from wild beavers were investigated. The total phenolic contents and free radical scavenging activity (DPPH and ABTS assays) were analysed spectrophotometrically, and fat-soluble vitamins were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. The type of tissue (skeletal muscle from loin and hind leg vs. adipose tissue from subcutaneous fat and tail) significantly affected content of all chemical components. The concentration of cholesterol was not related to total fat content. The retinol and α-tocopherol contents (µg/100 g) were significantly higher in the tail (13.0 and 391.2) and subcutaneous fat (12.2 and 371.3) compared to skeletal muscles (as an average 9.1 and 361.4). Among all tissues the tail showed significantly the highest values of DPPH (3.07 mM TE/100 g), ABTS (3.33 mM TE/100 g), and total phenolics (TPC, 543.7 mg GAE/100 g). The concentration of retinol was positively correlated with α-tocopherol (0.748, p < 0.001), and both vitamins were very strongly correlated with DPPH (0.858 and 0.886, p < 0.001), ABTS (0.894 and 0.851, p < 0.001), and TPC (0.666 and 0.913, p < 0.001). The principal component analysis proved that moisture, ash, and protein contents were representative for skeletal muscles, whereas, retinol, α-tocopherol, ABTS and DPPH accurately described the antioxidant capacity of tissue from the tail. 相似文献
35.
Dr. Guanzhao Wu Yangxue Liu Hossein Rouh Liulei Ma Yao Tang Sai Zhang Peng Zhou Jia-Ying Wang Shengzhou Jin Dr. Daniel Unruh Dr. Kazimierz Surowiec Prof. Dr. Yanzhang Ma Prof. Dr. Guigen Li 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(30):8013-8020
The first asymmetric catalytic approach to multilayer 3D chirality has been achieved by using Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings. New chiral catalysts were designed and screened under various catalytic systems that proved chiral amide-phosphines to be more efficient ligands than other candidates. The multilayer 3D framework was unambiguously determined by X-ray structural analysis showing a parallel pattern of three layers consisting of top, middle and bottom aromatic rings. The X-ray structure of a catalyst complex, dichloride complex of Pd-phosphine amide, was obtained revealing an interesting asymmetric environment nearby the Pd metal center. Three rings of multilayer 3D products can be readily changed by varying aromatic ring-anchored starting materials. The resulting multilayer products displayed strong luminescence under UV irradiation and strong aggregation-induced emission (AIE). In the future, this work would benefit not only the field of asymmetric synthesis but also materials science, in particular polarized organic electronics, optoelectronics and photovoltaics. 相似文献
36.
Oleg M. Demchuk Aleksandra Martyna Mateusz Kwanik Katarzyna Szwaczko Dorota Strzelecka Barbara Mirosaw Kazimierz Micha Pietrusiewicz Zofia Urbanczyk-Lipkowska 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(17)
The series of C2-symmetric biaryl core-based non-racemic bisphosphines possessing substituents of different electronic properties: both EDG and EWG were obtained in a short sequence of good yielding transformations, started from commercial 1,3-dimethyl-2-nitrobenzene. Several different approaches leading to the desirable ligands were practically evaluated. Notably, the synthesis of the entire series of ligands could be performed with the utilization of a single early-stage precursor DIDAB (6,6′-diiodo-2,2′,4,4′-tetramethylbiphenyl-3,3′-diamine), which could be easily obtained in enantiomerically pure form. The obtained compounds at concentrations of 50 and 200 µM showed various biological activity against normal human dermal fibroblast, ranging from inactivity through time-dependent action and ending up with high toxicity. 相似文献
37.
Kazimierz Bragiel 《Letters in Mathematical Physics》1990,20(3):251-257
It is proved that C(S
U(N)) is a type I C
*-algebra. 相似文献
38.
P. L. López-de-Alba L. López-Martínez Katarzyna Wróbel Kazimierz Wróbel J. Amador-Hernández 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1997,220(2):167-171
A multivariate calibration method, Partial Least Squares Type 1 (PLS-1), is proposed for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of uranium and thorium ions as their complexes with arsenazo III in hydrochloric acid medium. Several data characteristics are taking into account in order to minimize the optimum number of factors required for the construction of calibration model, while using various statistical criterions of selection. Finally, the evaluated calibration model is satisfactorily applied to determination of these ions in samples that resemble sulfuric acid leach solution obtained from a uranium ore. 相似文献
39.
We prove the thermodynamic equivalence of the Dicke two-level model and a van der Waals spin system. This serves to show that there are cases where the Wang-Hioe procedure and the Power-Zienau transformation may be applied in any order. 相似文献
40.
Kazimierz Sykut Jadwiga Saba Barbara Marczewska Grażyna Dalmata 《Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry》1984,178(2):295-303
The mechanism of the cap-pair effect was examined with respect to its acceleration of the electro-reduction of Zn2+ ions in NaCIO4, NaCl and NaBr. It was found that the presence of thiourea in the solution increased the rate of the electrode process; a role is played in the acceleration by the composition of zinc complexes formed in the bulk of the solution. 相似文献