Zur Kenntnis des Härtungsprozesses von Phenol-Formaldehyd-Harzen

Zusammenfassung Durch Hydrierung, Abbau und durch Vergleich des Verhaltens linearer Mehrkernverbindungen bei diesen Reaktionen wurde neuerdings experimentell geprüft, ob die annahme, daß gewisse Härtungsprodukte von Phenolalkoholen cyclische Struktur besitzen, zutrifft.     

The determination of the magnetic structure of DyCrO4 by neutron diffraction

At room temperature DyCrO₄ has the tetragonal zircon structure. Susceptibility measurements show that DyCrO₄ is ferromagnetic below 23 K. Neutron diffraction from a powder sample yield the magnetic structure. Using a computer program, which was developed for the determination of non-collinear and spiral structures, several models allowed by symmetry were compared with the experiment. It turns out that the Dy-moments and the Cr-moments as well order parallel in the a-b-plane. For the Dy-moment a value of 12μ_B and for the ratio of the Cr- to the Dy-moment a value of $\text{1}\text{10}$ was found.     

Photoelectron spectroscopy of S1 toluene: II. Intramolecular dynamics of selected vibrational levels in S1 toluene studied by nanosecond and picosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopies

We present results which suggest that the photophysics of S(1) toluene is significantly more complicated than that of the related molecules p-fluorotoluene or p-difluorobenzene. We have measured a range of photoelectron spectra for a number of S(1) internal energies, on different time scales and at different temperatures, in an attempt to unravel the competing processes, but the final conclusion remains outstanding.     

Magnetic properties of the cerium monochalcogenides

Single crystals of CeS, CeSe and CeTe have been investigated by means of measurements of the specific heat, the thermal expansion, the magnetic susceptibility and the magnetization at low temperatures. Crystal-field effects on some of these properties are used to derive the crystal-field splitting of the 4f electron ground state. It is found that chemical composition and crystal perfection strongly influence the magnetic properties of these compounds.     

Synthesis of deuterated methyl 2,3,4,6-Tetra-o-methyl-β-d-galactopyranosides

Conclusions We have synthesized methyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl--D-galactopyranosides selectively labeled with deuterium in positions 1–6 with deuterium content >90%.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 192–195, January, 1978.     

Synthesis of polysaccharides. Communication 15. Synthesis of β-(1 → 6)-D-galactan

Conclusions 1,2-0-(1-exo-Cyano)ethylidene-3,4-di-0-acety1-6-0-trityl- and 1,2-0-(1-exo-cyano)ethylidene-3,4-di-0-benzoyl-6-0-trityl--D-galactopyranoses were synthesized. Their polycondensation led to D-galactans, which do not contain -glycoside bonds.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya., No. 10, pp. 2358–2363, October, 1984.     

Scale dependence of branching in arterial and bronchial trees

Although models of branching in arterial and bronchial trees often predict a dependence of bifurcation parameters on the scale of the bifurcating vessels, direct verification of this dependence by comparison with data is uncommon. We compare measurements of bifurcation parameters of airways and arterial trees of different mammals as a function of scale to general features predicted by theoretical models based on minimization of pumping power and network volume. We find that the size dependence is more complex than existing theories based solely on energy and volume minimization explain, and suggest additional factors that may govern the branching at different scales.