Microdoughnuts: Polymer toroidal particles such as the one shown in the left picture have been prepared by a capillary microfluidic technique. Droplets of polymer solution undergo non‐uniform solidification to form the anisotropic polymer particles. By incorporating functional materials inside the polymer network, functional toroidal particles (center and right images) can be tailor‐made for specific applications such as magnetic actuation.
Most researchers established their inventory lot-size models under trade credit financing by assuming that the supplier offers
the retailer fully permissible delay in payments and the products received are all non-defective. However, in the real business
environment, it often can be observed that the supplier offers the retailer a fully permissible delay in payments only when
the order quantity is greater than or equal to the predetermined quantity Qd. In addition, an arriving order lot usually contains some defective items due to imperfect production processes or other
factors. To capture this reality, the paper extends Huang (2007) economic order quantity (EOQ) model with partially permissible
delay in payments to consider defective items. We formulate the proposed problem as a profit maximization EOQ model in which
the replenishment cycle time is the decision variable. Then we use the arithmetic-geometric mean inequality approach to determine
the optimal solution under various situations. An algorithm to obtain the optimal solution is also provided. Finally, the
numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are given to illustrate the results. 相似文献
We propose a long-reach wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) passive optical network (PON) to provide conventional point-to-point (P2P) data and downstream broadcasting service simultaneously by superimposing, for each WDM channel, the differential-phase-shift-keying (DPSK) broadcasting signal with the subcarrier multiplexing (SCM) modulated downstream P2P signal, at the optical line terminal (OLT). In the optical network units (ONUs), by re-modulating part of the downstream signal with a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA), we realize color-less ONUs for upstream data transmission. The proposed scheme is numerically verified with a 5 Gb/s downstream P2P signal and broadcasting services, as well as 2.5 Gb/s upstream data through a 60 km bidirectional fiber link. In particular, the influence of the downstream lightwave's optical carrier–subcarrier ratio (OCSR) on the system performance is also investigated. 相似文献