2，5-二烷基-1，4-苯二酚类衍生物的新合成方法

研究了合成2，5-二烷基-1，4-苯二酚衍生物的新方法，该方法是以2-取代烷 基1，4-环已二酮为原料，在LiCl催化下，与各种醛缩合反应就得2，5-二烷基-1， 4-苯二酚衍生物，是一种由非芳香环化合物合成2，5-二烷基-1，4-苯二酚衍生物 的新方法。应用该方法简便地合成了天然化合物η-生育酚。     

New Diarylheptanoid from the Barks of Alnus japonica Steudel

A new diarylheptanoid glycoside, 1,7-bis-（3,4-dihydroxyphenyl）-5-hydroxyheptane- 3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside （1）, together with nine known diarylheptanoids （2-10） were isolated from the fresh bark of Alnus japonica which is a species of the genus Alnus species, growing throughout Korea.     

Non-Invasive Measurements of Thickness of Superconductor Films by Using Two-Resonant-Mode Rutile Resonator

The film thickness should be known for extrazting the intrinsic surface resistance from the effective surface resistance as measured by using the dielectric resonator method. Thicknesses of 70 nm to 360 nm are measured for YBa2 Cu3 O7-δ films in a non-invasive way by using the two-resonant-mode dielectric resonator （TDR） method. A futile resonator with the respective resonant frequencies of 15.25-15.61 GHz and 15.10-15.37 GHz for the TE021 and the TE012 modes is used for this purpose. Differences between the values as measured by using the TDR technique and those measured by using a step profilometer appear to be less than 3%, which is smaller than the previous value of 5% as measured by using a 8. 6 GHz single-resonance mode futile resonator [Lee et al. J. Korean Phys. Soc. 54（2009）1619]. Merits of using the TDR method are discussed.     

Controllable Ultra Low- k by Via-Typed Air Gap with the Better Design Margin for Logic Devices below 45nm Node

By changing the air gap to a via-typed air gap, the height of the air gap is reduced up to about 50% compared to the height of the trench-typed air gap. The controllable （1 ≤h 〈 2.9） ultra low-k is also easily fabricated by adjusting the space of the via-typed air gap. The via-typed air gap makes the design margin better due to its lower height in the dense and narrow lines.     

Theory of the nucleation of protein macromolecular ions

Protein molecules are amphoteric and exist in aqueous solution as macromolecular ions that carry a charge which depends upon temperature and pH. Despite the repulsive Coulomb forces acting between them, protein macromolecular ions can form crystals in pH buffered solutions of strong electrolytes. It is proposed that the first step in the mechanism of crystallization is the formation of crystal nuclei made from partially discharged macromolecular ions that have exchanged H⁺ with the buffer. We suggest that the strength of the bare Coulomb repulsive force is weakened by the Debye-Hückel plasma screening provided by the inert electrolyte. This screening causes the rate of nucleus formation to increase with increasing ionic strength. Extending classic nucleation theory to account for these various charge effects, the results are applied to the case of lysozyme and a calculation is made of the dependence of the steady state nucleation rate upon temperature, pH, ionic strength, and protein supersaturation. It is found that the nucleation rate increases with increasing temperature and increasing ionic strength. Under condition of fixed temperature, supersaturation, and inionic strength, the nucleation rate has local maxima at low pH, where individual lysozyme macro ions are highly charged, and at pH ? 11, where they have zero average net charge. At both pH values, the nucleus that determines the rate has minimum size. In contrast to standard nucleation theory, which ignores charge, it is found that the size of the nucleus that controls the rate is different from the size of the nucleus that has the lowest concentration. All other conditions being the same, it is predicted that lysozyme crystals should nucleate most rapidly near pH = 2 and near pH = 11.     

Y_(1.95-x)Gd_xSiO_5:Eu_(0.05)的真空紫外光谱

利用高温固相法合成了 Ｙ１．９５－ｘＧｄｘＳｉＯ５：Ｅｕ０．０５（ｘ＝０．６ｍｏｌ％）荧光体。结构测定表明所合成的荧光体为单斜晶系的Ｘ２型Ｙ２ＳｉＯ５相,空间群为Ｂ２／ｂ。真空紫外光谱表明：随着Ｇｄ３＋含量的增加,在１９２ｕｍ附近,出现了Ｇｄ＋的激发峰,且此峰的强度随着Ｇｄ３＋含量的增加而增大;同时位于１５０～１８５ｎｍ之间的基质吸收带的强度也增大;而位于２００～３００ｎｍ之间的Ｅｕ的电行迁移带的强度却随着Ｇｄ３＋含量的增加而降低。     

A Characteristic Non-Reflecting Boundary Treatment in Lattice Boltzmann Method

In lattice Boltzmann methods, disturbances develop at the initial stages of the simulation, the decay characteristics depend mainly on boundary treatment methods; open boundary conditions such as equilibrium and bounce-back schemes potentially generate uncontrollable disturbances. Excessive disturbances originate from non-physical reflecting waves at boundaries. Characteristic boundary conditions utilizing the signs of waves at boundaries which suppress these reflecting waves, as well as their implementation in the lattice Boltzmann method, are introduced herein. The performance of our novel boundary treatment method to effectively suppress excessive disturbances is verified by three different numerical experiments.     

Analysis of Center Wavelength Shift of VCSEL Light in AWG for WDM PON Applications

Center wavelength shift of vertical cavity surface emitting laser light in arrayed waveguide gratings is verified with mathematical and experimental analysis.It is induced by the linearly increasing trend of optical power of vertical cavity surface emitting laser by bias current increase.It is retrieved effectively to the original center wavelength by simple correction method of compensation.This was done for application of vertical cavity surface emitting laser as a light source in optical line terminal of wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network.     

SOLUTION OF COUPLED ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS: A PARTIALLY OPENED CAVITY COUPLED WITH A MEMBRANE AND A SEMI-INFINITE EXTERIOR FIELD

There have been many attempts to understand the coupling phenomena between a solid structure and the surrounding fluid. However, the studies were restricted to interaction only between a structure and a finite cavity or a structure and acoustic field of infinite size. The system that we have studied has a structure that faces both a cavity of finite size and an external field of semi-infinite size. We also allow a hole, which can directly interact with the cavity as well as the external field. This configuration, therefore, provides two different interactions, or communication means. One is the finite structure and the other is the hole of finite size. This paper studies as to how these two components interact with the other two systems: the finite cavity covered by the structure and the hole, and the semi-infinite fluid. For simplicity, a two-dimensional and partially opened cavity coupled with a membrane and an exterior field was selected. The solution has to be found by solving a boundary value problem, but this case has to do with the boundaries that have two different conditions: one is the membrane and the other is the hole. The solution has been found in terms of the modal functions that satisfy the boundary conditions of finite cavity, membrane and hole. Non-dimensional coupling coefficients are obtained from the solution. The results exhibit that the coupling effect gives additional peaks and troughs in the averaged pressure of the cavity. These peaks and troughs are symmetrically arranged with respect to Helmholtz frequency of the cavity. The strong coupling occurs at the trough frequencies where the membrane interacts actively with the cavity and the exterior field.     

全光纤调Q掺铒光纤激光器的脉冲研究

报道一种全光纤调Q掺铒光纤激光器,在其结构中采用带有光纤光栅的光纤环形镜作为调Q装置此调Q方案同时具有对腔内损耗进行调制和对激光输出波长选择的功能理论上分析了不同臂长差时的脉冲出现情况,与实验基本相符并对激光单脉冲产生及稳定性进行了分析讨论.