UV-A区段紫外辐射对DNA影响的拉曼光谱研究

检测了小牛胸腺 DNA水溶液经 2 h和 16 h UV- A区段紫外辐射的拉曼光谱。实验结果表明 ,该区段紫外辐射对 DNA的影响要比全波段紫外辐射的影响小得多。主链构象基本上没有受到影响。经过较长时间的 UV- A区段紫外辐射后 ,DNA受到了较轻的损伤。 80 3— 816 cm-1间峰的变化表明 DNA链不同区段的构型处于不断的变化之中。脱氧核糖的特征峰 ,或强度有所下降 ,或峰发生了位移 ,或者两种变化皆有 ,表明 A区段紫外辐射对 DNA的脱氧核糖有所损伤。胸腺嘧啶的 6 81cm-1、75 2 cm-1和 1177cm-1谱线都发生了变化 ,表明胸腺嘧啶也受到了影响。但嘌呤碱基和胞嘧啶基本上没有受到影响。     

环自发磁化的几个物理问题的研究

本文总结了我们对π环自发磁化的几个相关物理问题的研究结果.首先分析计算了有一个结是π结的三结π环的自发磁化,发现与单结π环明显不同,当β=2πLIc/φ0趋于零时,环中仍有自发磁化.详细计算表明随温度下降,β增大,自发磁化磁矩很快上升并趋于φ0/2,能和实验很好的符合.继而运用Runge-Kutta四步积分法分析了一个双结π环电路在输入脉冲电流触发下自发磁化电流的翻转过程.并在此基础上计算了电感系数,输入脉冲电流的峰值和峰宽等因素对翻转过程的影响,获得了自发磁化电流在电触发下翻转的一般规律.最后分析和计算了耦合双π环的自由能,结果表明当两个π环自发磁化方向相反时系统的能量较低,还证明了互感为0时的反向自发磁化是来自量子效应.     

氨基酸在银胶溶液中的表面增强拉曼效应

文章报道了通过制备合适的银胶盐纳米溶液 ,得到的甘氨酸、缬氨酸和赖氨酸在银胶溶液中的表面增强拉曼光谱。低波数 2 38cm-1谱带的出现 ,表明氨基酸分子已与银表面产生明显吸附。在所得SERS图谱中 ,表征C—C基团的 90 0～ 930cm-1谱带、表征NH2 基团的 110 0cm-1左右谱带和表征COO-基团的14 0 0cm-1附近的谱带振动都得到显著加强 ,其原因主要是通过羧基基团及氨基基团与银粒子表面产生吸附 ,增强机制属于化学增强 ,为短程效应。本实验中 ,当银胶溶液 pH值降低时 ,对拉曼散射的增强效果影响不大。     

Kinetics of Infection-Driven Growth Model with Birth and Death

We propose a two-species infection model, in which an infected aggregate can gain one monomer from a healthy one due to infection when they meet together. Moreover, both the healthy and infected aggregates may lose one monomer because of self-death, but a healthy aggregate can spontaneously yield a new monomer. Consider a simple system in which the birth/death rates are directly proportional to the aggregate size, namely, the birth and death rates of the healthy aggregate of size k are J1 k and J2k while the self-death rate of the infected aggregate of size k is J3k. We then investigate the kinetics of such a system by means of rate equation approach. For the J1 〉 J2 case, the aggregate size distribution of either species approaches the generalized scaling form and the typical size of either species increases wavily at large times. For the J1 = J2 case, the size distribution of healthy aggregates approaches the generalized scaling form while that of infected aggregates satisfies the modified scaling form. For the J1 〈 J2 case, the size distribution of healthy aggregates satisfies the modified scaling form, but that of infected aggregates does not scale.     

Testing Bell inequality at experiments of high energy physics

Besides using the laser beam, it is very tempting to directly testify the Bell inequality at high energy experiments where the spin correlation is exactly what the original Bell inequality investigates. In this work, we follow the proposal raised in literature and use the successive decays J/ψ→γηc→ΛΛˉ→pπ-pˉπ+ to testify the Bell inequality. Our goal is twofold, namely, we first make a Monte-Carlo simulation of the processes based on the quantum field theory (QFT). Since the underlying theory is QFT, it implies that we pre-admit the validity of quantum picture. Even though the QFT is true, we need to find how big the database should be, so that we can clearly show deviations of the correlation from the Bell inequality determined by the local hidden variable theory. There have been some critiques on the proposed method, so in the second part, we suggest some improvements which may help to remedy the ambiguities indicated by the critiques. It may be realized at an updated facility of high energy physics, such as BES Ⅲ.     

HL-2A等离子体边缘极向剩余胁强的研究

首次报导了托卡马克等离子体边缘与湍流相关的极向剩余胁强剖面的测量结果。采用外中平面往复式静电探针阵列对HL-2A托卡马克边缘的极向湍流动量输运进行研究。在没有外部动量注入的欧姆放电下,剩余胁强为有限值、且其空间剖面在等离子体边缘具有明显的径向梯度,表明托卡马克等离子体边缘存在极向动量源。由动量源产生的动量主要以扩散形式向与剩余胁强相反的方向传播,最终的结果是等离子体边缘存在有限的雷诺胁强。在最后闭合磁面以内0.5~2cm区域,剩余胁强的梯度提供自发旋转的力矩,由该力矩引起的动量产生与由速度梯度引起的动量扩散共同导致了雷诺胁强出现负梯度,造成动量沉积,从而驱动极向平衡流。     

载荷对MoS2/C复合薄膜摩擦学行为的影响

采用直流磁控溅射与高功率磁脉冲磁控溅射制备了以Ti为过渡层的MoS_2/C复合薄膜,并对其结构、组分、力学性能以及摩擦学行为进行了研究.摩擦测试结果表明:载荷增加时,摩擦系数与磨损率呈规律性降低趋势;通过赫兹接触模型对平均摩擦系数进行分析拟合,发现载荷的变化带来赫兹接触面积与接触压强的不同,导致了摩擦系数的变化;通过对摩擦产物的拉曼光谱分析发现不同载荷对非晶碳石墨化程度影响不明显;借助透射电子显微镜对转移膜的微结构进行分析,发现转移膜主要是排列有序且基面平行于滑移界面的MoS_2层,使其在较高载荷下仍具有低的剪切强度,因而获得低的摩擦系数.进一步采用同一磨球、磨痕体系从高载荷到低载荷变化的连续摩擦验证式试验,可以得出,MoS_2/C复合薄膜在所有高载荷条件下获得低摩擦系数,赫兹接触起着主导作用.     

Novel Biased Aggregation-Annihilation Model

We propose a novel two-species aggregation-annihilation model,in which irreversible aggregation reactions occur between any two aggregates of the same species and biased annihilations occur simultaneously between two different species.The kinetic scaling behavior of the model is then analytically investigated by means of the mean-field rate equation.For the system without the self-aggregation of the un-annihilated species,the aggregate size distribution of the annihilated species always approaches a modified scaling form and vanishes finally; while for the system with the self-aggregation of the un-annihilated species,its scaling behavior depends crucially on t,he details of the rate kernels.Moreover,the results also exhibit that both species are conserved together in some cases,while only the un-annihilated species survives finally in other cases.     

激光诱导击穿光谱技术在气体检测中的研究综述

随着工业技术的发展,气体检测领域对在线检测仪器及检测技术的要求越来越高,气体成分在气体流动时会发生复杂变化,通常的检测手段傅里叶变换红外光谱技术(FTIR)、光腔衰荡技术(CRDS)、电化学传感等往往不能满足检测要求或仅对局部区域检测。激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)作为一种新兴的原子发射光谱分析技术,得到光谱分析领域研究者的广泛重视与研究。LIBS技术具备多元素同时检测、非侵入式、实时在线以及无需样品特殊制备等技术优势,已应用于固体、液体和气体的检测。在环境恶劣、干扰较大的气体制造及检测领域LIBS技术能够实时准确地进行检测。介绍了LIBS技术基本原理并描述等离子体物理特性的两个参数等离子体温度及等离子体电子数密度,针对LIBS技术在气体检测领域中的应用,从通过原子谱线强度比分析燃料的当量比、燃料混合气燃烧产物的气体组分、工业制造中作为保护气的氮气及稀有气体、温室气体和新能源气体的检测,以及与之相关的LIBS实验装置及实验方法的改进与优化等6个方面介绍了LIBS技术应用于气体检测领域的近些年国内外进展。对气体检测领域激光诱导击穿光谱研究的前景进行了展望。