Meldrum's acid and its analogs

2-Substituted or 2,2-disubstituted 4,6-dioxo-1,3-dioxanes, which are analogs of Meldrum's acid and were obtained by reaction of malonic acid with acetic anhydride and the appropriate carbonyl compound in the presence of sulfuric acid, exist in solution preferably in a single form according to the PMR and ¹³C NMR spectral data. Fluctuation of the CH₂ group is not observed. The mass spectra are characteristic and are distinguished by splitting out of the carbonyl compound from the molecular ion or successive splitting out of CO₂ and ketene molecules. The Meldrum acid analogs do not affect plant growth but have a depressive effect on the central nervous system of animals and low toxicity.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1482–1486, November, 1975.     

Pyrans,their analogs,and related compounds

Reaction of 4, 4-dichloroflavine (I) with sulfurylchloride affords 2, 3, 3, 4, 4-pentachloroflavan (II). Hydrolysis of II gives 2-hydroxy-3, 3-dichloro-4-flavanone (III), while alcoholysis with aqueous alcohols yields 2-alkoxy-3,3-dichloro-4-flavanones (IVa, b). Treatment of III with SOCl₂ gives 2,3,3-trlchloro-4-flavanone (V), which with caustic alkali or sodium ethoxide is converted into o-(1-phenyl-2, 2-dichlorovinyloxy)benzoic acid (VIc) or its ethyl ester (VIb), respectively.For Part XLII, see [7].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 9, pp. 1167–1170, September, 1970.     

Sequence distribution of partially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl acetate)

Copolymers of vinyl acetate and vinyl alcohol were studied by differential thermal analysis. The melting points of the copolymers are not a simple function of the composition, but depend on the method of preparation of the copolymers. Partial saponification of poly(vinyl acetate) with sodium hydroxide leads to high melting, ordered copolymers, while reacetylation of poly(vinyl alcohol) leads to low melting, random copolymers. Catalytic alcoholysis of PVAc yields copolymers intermediate in melting point and order. The results are treated by assuming that equal melting points indicate similar sequence length distributions of crystallizable units.