The electronic viewpoint on the morphology of the microclusters

Although the five-fold symmetry conflicts with the crystalline long range order, it can appear in some finite systems. In order to search for such possibility in the microclusters in the small size limit and to clarify the roles of the electrons in the morphology, the electronic states are studied in the tight binding scheme. The single electron spectra coming from thes- andp-atomic orbitals are derived for three types of the 13-atom clusters; with the fcc-like configuration, the hcp-like and the icosahedral. If the transfer integral between two surface atoms is put equal to that between the central and a surface atom in the icosahedral case, this configuration has the lowest total electronic energy in many cases studied, but not always. The fact that a surface atom has larger number of neighbours in the icosahedral configuration is surely of great advantage. It, however, is not almighty in the quantum case.On leave from Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan. A part of this work was done there     

Effects of trivalent phosphorus compounds on vinyl polymerization. III. Anionic polymerization of acrylonitrile with triethyl phosphite

The polymerization of acrylonitrile catalyzed by triethyl phosphite was studied. It was found that the order with respect to the monomer concentration varies from two to three, depending on the polymerization temperature. From the results obtained for the molecular weight of the polymer and the phosphorus content in the polymer, it was thought that the zwitterion formed by the addition of triethyl phosphite to acrylonitrile is responsible for the initiation of polymerization. The following equation was suggested for the rate of the polymerization:      

A stannyl modification of the Hilbert-Johnson method for the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleosides

Reaction of tri-n-butylstannylated pyrimidines with peracylated β-D-ribofuranose in the presence of tin tetrachloride afforded high yields of protected pyrimidine nucleosides.     

Spectra and emission lifetimes of H2CS(Ã 1A2)

Fluorescence spectra and lifetimes of single vibronic levels of the first excited singlet state of H₂CS have been measured under effusive flow conditions. Fluorescence lifetimes of the single vibronic levels decrease from 140±3 μs (0°) to 68 μs(3¹4¹5¹) with increasing excitation energies. The promoting vibrational modes for the non-radiative transition are considered to be the out-of-plane bending (ν₄) and the asymmetric rocking (ν₆) modes rather than the asymmetric stretching mode (ν₅).     

Optical circuit design based on a wavefront-matching method

We propose an optical circuit design method for coherent waves as a boundary value problem. The method produces a very compact circuit in which the refractive index pattern is automatically synthesized for given input and output fields with a numerical calculation. We employ the method to design a 1.3/1.55 microm wavelength demultiplexer and also describe the features of a circuit generated by use of the method.     

Radiative heat transfer analysis in pure water heater used for semiconductor processing

A simplified one-dimensional model is presented to analyze the non-gray radiative transfer in pure water heater used in the rinsing processes within semiconductor production lines, and the ray-tracing method is extended to simulate the radiative heat transfer. To examine the accuracy of the simplified model, the distribution of radiation absorption is determined by the ray-tracing method based the simplified model and compared with the data obtained by three-dimensional non-gray model in combination with Monte Carlo method in reference, and the effects of the water thickness on the radiation absorption are analyzed. The results show that the simplified model has a good accuracy in solving the radiation absorption in the pure water heater. The radiation absorption increases with the water thickness, but when the water thickness is greater than , the radiation absorption increases very slowly with the water thickness.